Local equilibrium approximation (LEA) is a central assumption in many applications of non-equilibrium thermodynamics involving the transport of energy, mass, and momentum. However, assessing the validity of the LEA remains challenging due to the limi...
If X is a convex subset of a topological vector space and f is a real bifunction defined on
In this article, the solvability of the equilibrium problem (EP), Minty equilibrium problem (MEP), and quasi-equilibrium problem (QEP) by using the notions of cyclically monotone and cyclically antimonotone in the setting of topological vector spaces...
As shown by Jarzynski, free energy differences between equilibrium states can be expressed in terms of the statistics of work carried out on a system during non-equilibrium transformations. This exact result, as well as the related Crooks fluctuation...
Big Data is impacting and changing the way we live, and its core lies in the use of machine learning to extract valuable information from huge amounts of data. Optimization problems are a common problem in many steps of machine learning. In the face...
In (Bonanno, 2013), a solution concept for extensive-form games, called perfect Bayesian equilibrium (PBE), was introduced and shown to be a strict refinement of subgame-perfect equilibrium; it was also shown that, in turn, sequential equilibrium (SE...
In the proposed paper, non-equilibrium and equilibrium models of heat and moisture transfer through wet building materials are presented and compared. In the former, the mass transfer between liquid and gaseous moisture results from the difference be...
Non-equilibrium evolution at absolute temperature T and approach to equilibrium of statistical systems in long-time (t) approximations, using both hierarchies and functional integrals, are reviewed. A classical non-relativistic particle in one spatia...
This editorial aims to interest researchers and inspire novel research on the topic of non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and Monte Carlo for Electronic and Electrochemical Processes. We present a brief outline on recent progress and challenges in the st...
Conservatively perturbed equilibrium (CPE) experiments yield transient concentration extrema that surpass steady-state equilibrium values. A physics-informed neural network (PINN) framework is introduced to simulate these over-equilibrium dynamics in...
The Rate-Controlled Constrained-Equilibrium (RCCE) method for the description of the time-dependent behavior of dynamical systems in non-equilibrium states is a general, effective, physically based method for model order reduction that was originally...
Refinements of the Nash equilibrium have followed the strategy of extending the idea of subgame perfection to incomplete information games. This has been achieved by appropriately restricting beliefs at unreached information sets. Each new refinement...
Oligo- and polycyclosiloxanes were obtained by the polycondensation of (tetrahydroxy)(tetraaryl)cyclotetrasiloxanes in equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions in the presence and absence of montmorillonite (MMT). Their composition and the structur...
Market power in water markets can be modeled as simultaneous quantity competition on a river structure and analyzed by applying social equilibrium. In an example of a duopoly water market, we argue that the lack of backward induction logic implies th...
Despite the benefits of inventory transshipment, numerous behavioral experiments have revealed that retailers often deviate from the Nash-equilibrium ordering quantities, which in turn impacts the potential advantages. Motivated by this issue, we dev...
We present existing results and properties for the solutions of some vector equilibrium problems with set-valued functions in the case of a vector space ordered by a cone with some “interiority” properties. Some applications concerning th...
The paper addresses the problem of the existence and quantification of the exergy of non-equilibrium systems. Assuming that both energy and exergy are a priori concepts, the Gibbs “available energy” A is calculated for arbitrary temperature or concen...
We apply three equilibrium selection techniques to study which equilibrium is selected in a hawk–dove game with a multiplicity of equilibria. By using a uniform-price auction as an illustrative example, we find that when the demand in the aucti...
A gliding arc plasma source designed for high efficient ignition has been studied with the help of numerical simulation and experiments. A coupled 3D–0D approach has been proposed to model the gliding arc from ignition (the equilibrium stage) t...
We study Asynchronous Dynamic games and show that in games with a finite state space and finite action sets, one can obtain the pure strategy Markov perfect equilibrium by using a simple backward induction method when the time period for the game is...
Homogeneous turbulence and turbulence in scale-by-scale equilibrium, played a leading role in the turbulence research of the second half of the twentieth century, and Jack Herring was an important contributor to these developments. The research activ...
Convergence results of the subgradient algorithm for equilibrium problems were mainly obtained using a Lipschitz continuity assumption on the given bifunctions. In this paper, we first provide a complexity result for monotone equilibrium problems wit...
The aim of this paper is to present new existence results for solutions to a generalized quasi-equilibrium problem with set-valued mappings and moving cones. The key to this approach is a new Browder-type fixed point theorem, which permits working in...
In this review, we discuss the Dynamical approach to Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (D-NEMD), which extends stationary NEMD to time-dependent situations, be they responses or relaxations. Based on the original Onsager regression hypothesis, imple...
In this paper, we analyze the departure from equilibrium in two specific types of thermal plasmas. The first type deals with the plasma produced during the atmospheric entry of a spatial vehicle in the upper layers of an atmosphere, specifically the...
This research article develops a dynamic framework for the Walrasian pure exchange economy and thus extends the static Walrasian general equilibrium theory into a dynamic one with price adjustments. An evolution equation for the price vector is deriv...
In this study, the tautomeric equilibrium of a sequence of 1-benzamidoisoquinoline derivatives was investigated with the tools of NMR spectroscopy and computational chemistry. The equilibrium between different tautomers in these systems could be cont...
This paper aims to integrate the money market into the structure of the economy. The microfoundation is the starting point to define the money market and the general equilibrium mechanism of the economy. On this basis, this research seeks a linking m...
The evolution of coal permeability is vitally important for the effective extraction of coal seam gas. A broad variety of permeability models have been developed under the assumption of local equilibrium, i.e., that the fracture pressure is in equili...
The assessment of the equilibrium and the safety of masonry vaults is of high relevance for the conservation and restoration of historical heritage. In the literature many approaches have been proposed for this tasks, starting from the 17th century....
Stress equilibrium time is an important index to judge the homogeneity of rocks. In order to study the relationship between stress equilibrium time and crushing energy consumption before rock destruction, Hopkinson tests were conducted on granite spe...
The “conservatively perturbed equilibrium” (CPE) technique for a complex chemical system is computationally analyzed in a batch reactor considering different linear mechanisms with three and four species. Contrary to traditional chemical...
We review recent experimental advances in non-equilibrium quantum materials, focusing on current- and light-driven systems, transient and metastable phases, and non-equilibrium steady states. Emphasis is placed on current-driven phases and photoinduc...
It is known that thermodynamic properties of a system change upon confinement. To know how, is important for modelling of porous media. We propose to use Hill’s systematic thermodynamic analysis of confined systems to describe two-phase equilib...
This paper develops the methodology for modeling decision processes in complex controlled dynamic systems. The idea of balancing such systems (driving them to equilibrium) is implemented, and a new mechanism for the equilibria’s stability is pr...
Many complex systems, particularly glasses and disordered materials, exhibit energy landscapes with exponentially many metastable states. Such landscape structure strongly influences equilibrium behavior but is not explicitly represented in standard...
Polymer additives in well cement slurry filtrate would affect the stability of natural gas hydrate (NGH), which could lead to formation collapse and cause marine disasters. It is necessary to clarify the critical conditions for the stability of NGH,...
The aim of this paper is to study the question of whether or not equilibrium states exist in open quantum systems that are embedded in at least two environments and are described by a non-Hermitian Hamilton operator . The eigenfunctions of ...
We treat the non-equilibrium evolution of an open one-particle statistical system, subject to a potential and to an external “heat bath” (hb) with negligible dissipation. For the classical equilibrium Boltzmann distribution, Wc,eq, a non-equilibrium...
The Colonel Blotto game, formulated by Émile Borel, involves players allocating limited resources to multiple “battlefields” simultaneously, with the winner being the one who allocates more resources to each battlefield. Computatio...
This paper reconsiders evidence from experimental common pool resource games from the perspective of a model of payoff sampling. Despite being parameter-free, the model is able to replicate some striking features of the data, including single-peaked...
With the rapid development of the economy, the quality of power systems has assumed an increasingly prominent influence on people’s daily lives. In this paper, an improved equilibrium optimizer (IEO) is proposed to solve the optimal power flow...
Chemical equilibrium is listed as one of the most complicated concepts to learn, and the origin of this phenomenon is attributed to misconceptions, teaching-related problems, and the use of inappropriate didactic approaches. At the same time, assessm...
Integrative simulation techniques for predicting component properties, based on the conditions during processing, are becoming increasingly important. The calculation of orientations in injection molding, which, in addition to mechanical and optical...
Extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT) has been widely used to overcome the deficiencies of classical irreversible thermodynamics in describing fast transport phenomena. By employing fluxes as additional independent variables and rejecting local...
The present Special Issue, ‘Entropy and Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics’, consists of seven original research papers [...]
We review and improve previous work on non-equilibrium classical and quantum statistical systems, subject to potentials, without ab initio dissipation. We treat classical closed three-dimensional many-particle interacting systems without any “h...
The evolution of social or biological species can be modeled as an evolutionary game with the equilibrium strategies of the game as prediction for the ultimate distributions of species in population, when some species may survive with positive propor...
In this paper, the Balassa–Samuelson–Tariffi effect is revisited. This research first aims to explain that the behaviour of the real exchange rate shows structural breaks in the short term. A partial equilibrium model “á la R...
In this paper, our purpose is to investigate the vector equilibrium problem of whether the approximate solution representing bounded rationality can converge to the exact solution representing complete rationality. An approximation theorem is proved...
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