236 Results Found

The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations of STAT4 (rs10181656, rs7574865, rs7601754, rs10168266) gene polymorphisms and STAT4 serum level in patients with optic neuritis. Eighty-one subjects with optic neuritis (ON) and 158 healthy subje...

Characterization, identification, and detection of aerosol particles in their native atmospheric states remain a challenge. Recently, optical trapping-Raman spectroscopy (OT-RS) has been developed and demonstrated for characterization of single, airb...

Stress in forest ecosystems (FES) occurs as a result of land-use intensification, disturbances, resource limitations or unsustainable management, causing changes in forest health (FH) at various scales from the local to the global scale. Reactions to...

This study provides a comprehensive review of the efforts utilized in the measurement of water quality parameters (WQPs) with a focus on total dissolved solids (TDS) and total suspended solids (TSS). The current method used in the measurement of TDS...

The safety level of a shoreline is essential for flood control projects and policy formulation or modification from both economic and environmental perspectives. With the development of remote sensing (RS) techniques, high spatial-spectral resolution...

We present a combination of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) for improved diagnosis and discrimination of different stages and grades of bladder cancer ex vivo by linking the complementary information provided by these t...

Using the rolling-shutter mechanism to enhance the signal sampling frequency of Optical Camera Communication (OCC) is a low-cost solution, but its periodic sampling interruptions may cause signal loss, and existing solutions often compromise communic...

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, chromatin remodeling, and signal transduction. The identification of different species of ncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs...

The performance of free-space optical interconnects (FSOIs) system is significantly influenced by noise, similar to any wireless communication system. This noise has a notable impact on both the bandwidth density and data rate of FSOIs system. To add...

We generated a Long Evans transgenic rat with targeted deletion of the whole Rs1 exon-1 and evaluated the pathological retinal phenotype of this Rs1-/Y rat model of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS). The Rs1−/Y rat exhibited very early onset and ra...

Detecting small ships in optical RSIS is challenging. Due to resolution limitations, the texture and edge information of many ship targets are blurred, making feature extraction difficult and thereby reducing detection accuracy. To address this issue...

This study provides an overview of the techniques, shortcomings, and strengths of remote sensing (RS) applications in the effective retrieval and monitoring of water quality parameters (WQPs) such as chlorophyll-a concentration, turbidity, total susp...

Optic neuritis (ON) is a condition marked by optic nerve inflammation due to various potential triggers. Research indicates a link between telomeres and inflammation, as studies demonstrate that inflammation can lead to increased telomere shortening....

Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a non-invasive optical tool to. [...]

Radiolabeled fluorescent dyes are decisive for bimodal imaging as well as highly in demand for nuclear- and optical imaging. Silicon-rhodamines (SiRs) show unique near-infrared (NIR) optical properties, large quantum yields and extinction coefficient...

This article presents a simple and low-cost green synthesized single-layer NiO selective solar absorber nanocoating prepared by spin coating on a Cu substrate at different rotational speeds (RS). The effects of substrate RS on the structural, morphol...

High-spatiotemporal-resolution and accurate soil moisture (SM) data are crucial for investigating climate, hydrology, and agriculture. Existing SM products do not yet meet the demands for high spatiotemporal resolution. The objective is to develop an...

This paper presents a rolling shutter orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (RS-OFDM) optical camera communication higher rate longer range proposed in IEEE 802.15.7a Task Group (TG7a) using an image sensor as a receiver. OFDM is a digital multi...

Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer globally. The most common routine diagnostic methods are the examination of the interior of the colon during colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, which frequently includes the removal of a biops...

Surface solar radiation (Rs) is essential to climate studies. Thanks to long-term records from the Advanced Very High-Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR), the recent release of International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) HXG cloud products p...

The Ocean Color—Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART) is a robust data processing platform utilizing scientific machine learning (SciML) in conjunction with comprehensive radiative transfer computations to provide accurate r...

Introduction: Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that leads to visual field defects. Genetic mechanisms seem to be involved in glaucoma development. Lysyl Oxidase Like 1 (LOXL1) has been described in previous studies as a predictor factor for exfoliatio...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant global health problem, for which no disease-modifying therapeutics are currently available to improve survival and outcomes. Current neuromonitoring modalities are unable to reflect the complex and changi...

A new, transparent, metal-free absorber, based on the use of multilayer graphene/dielectric laminates (GLs), is proposed for applications in the low-terahertz frequency range. The designed absorber has a total thickness of around 70 µm and cons...

S. mutans is a key pathogen in dental caries initiation and progression. It promotes oral biofilm dysbiosis and biofilm acidification. Sodium resinate is a salt of pine-oil-derived resin which has antimicrobial properties. Pine-oil-derived resin cons...

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. The gold standard of nAMD treatment is intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. Genetic factors may influe...

Estimating consistent large-scale tropical forest height using remote sensing is essential for understanding forest-related carbon cycles. The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) instrument employed on t...

Relay-aided free-space optical (FSO) communication systems have the ability of mitigating the adverse effects of link disruption by dividing a long link into several short links. In order to solve the relay selection (RS) problem in a decode and forw...

Background: In brain tumor surgery, maximal tumor resection is typically desired. This is complicated by infiltrative tumor cells which cannot be visually distinguished from healthy brain tissue. Optical methods are an emerging field that can potenti...

Optical remote sensing (RS) satellites perform imaging in the visible and infrared electromagnetic spectrum to collect data and analyze information on the optical characteristics of the objects of interest. However, optical RS is sensitive to illumin...

Background/Objectives: This one-year prospective observational study, conducted at two centers, aimed to report the natural history of retinal sensitivity (RS) loss in diabetic macular ischemia (DMI). Methods: Patients with stable-treated proliferati...

Active films from rice starch/carboxymethyl chitosan (RS/CMCh) incorporated with propolis extract (ppl) were developed and characterized. The effect of the ppl content (0–10% w/w based on RS/CMCh) on the developed films’ properties were determined by...

Remote sensing (RS) image segmentation is an essential step in geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) to ultimately derive “meaningful objects”. While many segmentation methods exist, most of them are not efficient for large data sets. Thus,...

The identification and characterization of lead-bearing and associated minerals in scales on lead pipes are essential to understanding and predicting the mobilization of lead into drinking water. Despite its long-recognized usefulness in the unambigu...

Background and Objectives: The age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathophysiology is multifactorial, as it consists of interactions between aging, genetic, and environmental factors. We aimed to determine a relationship between AMD and the genes...

Forest biomass change monitoring is essential for climate change. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optimal remote sensing (RS) data are two very helpful data sources for forest biomass monitoring and estimation. During the procedure of biomass esti...

The use of passive optical remote sensing (RS) has a rich history in precision viticulture (PV), with the use of RS technologies being employed in a myriad of PV applications. The present work undertakes a scoping review to examine past and current t...

Introduction: Vibrational spectroscopy (VS) is a new and rapidly evolving technology in cancer diagnostics. Originating from analytical chemistry, VS evaluates vibrations of nuclei to produce a unique “biological fingerprint.” While multiple studies...

Soil moisture (SM) is a key variable regulating land–atmosphere energy exchange, hydrological processes, and ecosystem functioning. Though important, there are still unresolved problems in accurate SM monitoring and the practical application an...

The optical response of bulk germanium sulfide (GeS) is investigated systematically using different polarization-resolved experimental techniques, such as photoluminescence (PL), reflectance contrast (RC), and Raman scattering (RS). It is shown that...

Background/Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 4 (STAT4) influences the anti-tumor immune response and is possibly involved in the initiation or relapse of pituitary adenomas (PAs) by ex...

Hyperlipidemia is a prevalent chronic metabolic disease that severely affects human health. Currently, commonly used clinical therapeutic drugs are prone to drug dependence and toxic side effects. Dietary intervention for treating chronic metabolic d...

Geo-spatial technologies (i.e., remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)) offer the means to enable a rapid assessment of terrestrial carbon stock (CS) over large areas. The utilization of an integrated RS-GIS approach for above g...

Identifying ships is essential for maritime situational awareness. Automatic identification system (AIS) data and remote sensing (RS) images provide information on ship movement and properties from different perspectives. This study develops an effic...

CdS:Al thin films were fabricated on a glass substrate using the CBD method. The effect of aluminum incorporation on the structural, morphological, vibrational, and optical properties of CdS thin layers was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ra...

A Raman Lidar (RL) system is developed to measure the water vapor mixing ratio (WVMR) and aerosol optical property in Wuhan with high temporal-spatial resolution during rainless nights. The principle of the self-developed lidar system and data proces...

In arid climates, the optical properties of plastic-covered greenhouses deteriorate very quickly. To examine the effect of greenhouse shape and orientation on the degradation rate of cover optical properties, four greenhouse prototypes were construct...

Instance segmentation in remote sensing (RS) imagery aims to predict the locations of instances and represent them with pixel-level masks. Thanks to the more accurate pixel-level information for each instance, instance segmentation has enormous poten...

Recent developments in remote sensing (RS) technology have made several sources of auxiliary data available to support forest inventories. Thus, a pertinent question is how different sources of RS data should be combined with field data to make inven...

Recent advances in optical remote sensing (RS) technology in combination with lightweight Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking devices now make analyzing the multi-scale habitat selection (HS) of small mammals < 2 kg possible. However, there h...