The basic characteristics of cylindrical as well as spherical solitary and shock waves in degenerate electron-nucleus plasmas are theoretically investigated. The electron species is assumed to be cold, ultra-relativistically degenerate, negatively ch...
The cell nucleus is frequently considered a cage in which the genome is placed to protect it from various external factors. Inside the nucleus, many functional compartments have been identified that are directly or indirectly involved in implementing...
The NUCLEUS experiment, currently being commissioned at the Technical University of Munich, is designed to observe coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (
We propose a novel mechanism by which cancer cells can modulate the oxygen concentration within the nucleus, potentially creating low nuclear oxygen conditions without the need of an hypoxic micro-environment and suited for allowing cancer cells to r...
Nanodiamonds are widely used for drug delivery, labelling or nanoscale sensing. For all these applications it is highly beneficial to have control over the intracellular location of the particles. For the first time, we have achieved targeting the nu...
Chromatin regulatory processes physically take place in the environment of the cell nucleus, which is filled with the chromosomes and a plethora of smaller biomolecules. The nucleus contains macromolecular assemblies of different sizes, from nanomete...
Cells are constantly adjusting to the mechanical properties of their surroundings, operating a complex mechanochemical feedback, which hinges on mechanotransduction mechanisms. Whereas adhesion structures have been shown to play a central role in mec...
Parvoviruses are small single-stranded (ss) DNA viruses, which replicate in the nucleoplasm and affect both the structure and function of the nucleus. The nuclear stage of the parvovirus life cycle starts at the nuclear entry of incoming capsids and...
Commercial poultry undergo transportation during their life, and the effects of transportation can negatively impact poultry production and welfare. In order to maintain physiological homeostasis, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (...
A thorough understanding of neutrino–nucleus interaction physics is crucial to achieving precision goals in broader neutrino physics programs. The complexity of the nuclei comprising the detectors and the limited understanding of their weak res...
A warm degenerate magneto-rotating quantum plasma (WDMRQP) model consisting of a static heavy nucleus, inertial non-degenerate light nucleus, and warm non-relativistic or ultra-relativistic electrons has been considered to observe the generation of n...
The nucleus is not only the control hub of cell life activities, but also the center of storing and controlling genetic information. The morphology of the nucleus can be used to judge the cell vitality and health. The various biological molecules con...
The prospects of extracting new physics signals in coherent elastic neutrino–nucleus scattering (CE
The suprachiasmatic nucleus plays an important role in generating circadian rhythms in mammals. The lateral habenular nucleus (LHb) is closely linked to this structure. Interestingly, the LHb shows a rhythmic firing rate in vivo and in vitro, and sus...
Nucleus segmentation of fluorescence microscopy is a critical step in quantifying measurements in cell biology. Automatic and accurate nucleus segmentation has powerful applications in analyzing intrinsic characterization in nucleus morphology. Howev...
Objectives: To investigate whether a smaller volume of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) is associated with (1) preoperative cognitive impairment and (2) cognitive decline six months after deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (S...
Iron–sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are essential cofactors found in many proteins in the mitochondria, cytosol, and nucleus of the cell. These versatile cofactors may undergo reversible oxidation–reduction reactions to enable electron transfers;...
Flaviviruses are a large group of arboviruses of significant medical concern worldwide. With outbreaks a common occurrence, the need for efficient viral control is required more than ever. It is well understood that flaviviruses modulate the composit...
Mechanical loading preserves bone mass and function—yet, little is known about the cell biological basis behind this preservation. For example, cell and nucleus morphology are critically important for cell function, but how these morphological...
Dysfunction of the lenticular nucleus is thought to contribute to neurological symptoms in Wilson’s disease (WD). However, very little is known about whether and how the lenticular nucleus influences dystonia by interacting with the cerebral co...
The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) has gained attention owing to its involvement in various physiological functions, such as sleep–awake, feeding, and emotion, with its analgesic role being particularly significant. It is described as the “pa...
The nucleus architecture of hybrid crop plants is not a well-researched topic, yet it can have important implications for their genetic stability and usefulness in the successful expression of agronomically desired traits. In this work we studied the...
Neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of a camel were morphologically studied by the Golgi impregnation method. The neurons were classified based on the size and shape of their cell bodies, the density of their dendritic trees, and the morphology...
Individual cells and cells within the tissues and organs constantly face mechanical challenges, such as tension, compression, strain, shear stress, and the rigidity of cellular and extracellular surroundings. Besides the external mechanical forces, c...
Background: This study evaluates the incidence and outcomes of patients with dropped nucleus/nuclear fragment during phacoemulsification surgery; Methods: Retrospective review of continuous cases with dropped nucleus/nuclear fragment during phacoemul...
The complexity of adult neurogenesis is becoming increasingly apparent as we learn more about cellular heterogeneity and diversity of the neurogenic lineages and stem cell niches within the adult brain. This complexity has been unraveled in part due...
Oogenesis is a developmental process leading to the formation of an oocyte, a haploid gamete, which upon fertilisation and sperm entry allows the male and the female pronuclei to fuse and give rise to a zygote. In addition to forming a haploid gamete...
The proteasome is responsible for selective degradation of most cellular proteins. Abundantly present in the cell, proteasomes not only diffuse in the cytoplasm and the nucleus but also associate with the chromatin, cytoskeleton, various membranes an...
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), an abundant peptide in the central nervous system, is expressed in neurons of various regions throughout the brain. The physiological and behavioral effects of NPY are mainly mediated through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptor subtypes, wh...
Pathogenic bacteria secrete a variety of proteins that manipulate host cell function by targeting components of the plasma membrane, cytosol, or organelles. In the last decade, several studies identified bacterial factors acting within the nucleus on...
The giant phiKZ phage infection induces the appearance of a pseudo-nucleus inside the bacterial cytoplasm. Here, we used RT-PCR, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), electron tomography, and analytical electron microscopy to study the morphology...
Unlike in most eukaryotic cells, the genetic information of budding yeast in the exponential growth phase is only present in the form of decondensed chromatin, a configuration that does not allow its visualization in cell nuclei conventionally prepar...
Nucleus segmentation plays a crucial role in tissue pathology image analysis. Despite significant progress in cell nucleus image segmentation algorithms based on fully supervised learning, the large number and small size of cell nuclei pose a conside...
The recent approval of formulations of the endogenous neurosteroid allopregnanolone (brexanolone) and the synthetic neuroactive steroid SAGE-217 (zuranolone) to treat postpartum depression (PPD) has encouraged further research to elucidate why these...
Mood disorders negatively impact the lives of hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide every year, yet the precise molecular mechanisms by which they manifest remain elusive. Circadian dysregulation is one avenue by which mood disorders are thou...
The intervertebral disc, an anatomical compartment interposed between vertebral bodies, plays a key role in spine flexibility and compression loading. It comprises three tissues: the nucleus pulposus, the annulus fibrosus, and the end plates. Degener...
Matrix production by nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, the cells residing in the center of the intervertebral disc, can be stimulated by growth factors. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) hold great promise. Although BMP2 and BMP7 have been used most freq...
Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), well-known as a master antioxidative response regulator in mammalian cells, is considered as a potential target for radiation protection and cancer therapy sensitization. We examined the response of...
In mammals, the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) functions as the central circadian pacemaker, orchestrating behavioral and physiological rhythms in alignment to the environmental light/dark cycle. The neurons that comprise the SCN are anat...
Background Monosodium glutamate (MSG) in its anionic form, glutamate, is one of the main excitatory amino acids. Excess of this neurotransmitter may lead to excitotoxicity affecting neurons and astrocytes responsible for glutamate metabolism in diffe...
The precise role of nucleus pulposus cell proliferation in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration remains to be elucidated. Recent findings have revealed that microRNAs, a class of small noncoding RNAs, may regulate cell proliferation i...
Chronic back pain is a common disability, which is often accredited to intervertebral disc degeneration. Gold standard interventions such as spinal fusion, which are mainly designed to mechanically seal the defect, frequently fail to restore the nati...
This review paper emphasizes the significance of microscopic calculations with quantified theoretical error estimates in studying lepton–nucleus interactions and their implications for electron scattering and accelerator neutrino oscillation me...
The aim of the present study was to analyze the location of degenerating neurons in the dorsal (insular) claustrum (DCL, VCL) and the dorsal, intermediate and ventral endopiriform nucleus (DEn, IEn, VEn) in rat pups following lithium–pilocarpin...
Background/Objectives: The cerebellum is essential for motor coordination and has recently been implicated in sleep-related disorders. However, the neural mechanisms linking sleep disruption to motor dysfunction remain poorly understood. This study a...
Cell nucleus segmentation in microscopy images is an initial step in the quantitative analysis of imaging data, which is crucial for diverse biological and biomedical applications. While traditional machine learning methodologies have demonstrated li...
Ozone therapy has been used to treat disc herniation for more than four decades. There are several papers describing results and mechanism of action. However, it is very important to define the characteristics of extruded disc herniation. Although oz...
The mechanism used by mouse polyomavirus (MPyV) to overcome the crowded cytosol to reach the nucleus has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the involvement of importin α/β1 mediated transport in the delivery of MPyV genomes into the nuc...
Iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) is a bifunctional protein with mutually exclusive RNA-binding or enzymatic activities that depend on the presence of a 4Fe-4S cluster. While IRP1 is a well-established cytosolic protein, work in a Drosophila model sug...
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