Polytrauma induces neuroendocrine, inflammatory, neurological, and multiorgan responses that may follow distinct temporal trajectories. We characterized these changes during the first 7 days after experimental head–thorax–abdomen polytrau...
Background and Objectives: Critically ill surgical patients are susceptible to various postoperative complications, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and multiorgan distress syndrome (MODS). These complications intensify patient suffering and signi...
Background: Sepsis couples dysregulated inflammation, oxidative imbalance, microbial dissemination, and multiorgan injury. Cannabidiol (CBD) has anti-inflammatory and redox-modulating properties, but its dose-related effects in polymicrobial sepsis,...
As the single cell lining of the heart and all blood vessels, the vascular endothelium serves a critical role in maintaining homeostasis via control of vascular tone, immune cell recruitment, and macromolecular transit. For victims of acute high-dose...
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent known for its multi-organ toxicity, especially in the heart, which limits its clinical application. The toxic side effects of DOX, including DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a systemic syndrome capable of inducing remote organ dysfunction. Kidney–lung crosstalk is a form of interorgan communication in acute nephrology, with the heart acting as a pivotal intermediary. Emerging evidence s...
Rhabdomyolysis is classically understood as skeletal muscle injury complicated by myoglobin-mediated acute kidney injury, but this framework does not fully explain the diagnostic and clinical complexity created by liver disease, aminotransferase abno...
Background: A major challenge in developing effective immunological damage-control therapies for traumatic hemorrhage (TH) is the lack of animal models that accurately reproduce the immune and pathophysiological responses observed in humans. In this...
Shock is a life-threatening condition characterized by inadequate tissue perfusion leading to systemic hypoxia and metabolic failure. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury exacerbates shock progression through oxidative stress and immune dysregulation, c...
Several studies shed light on the interplay among inflammation, thrombosis, multi-organ failures and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Increasing levels of both free and/or circulating histones have been associat...
Background/Objectives: Acute intravascular hemolysis is associated with the release of labile heme, which contributes to systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a known modulator of inflammatory responses. However, its spec...
Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is classically associated with acute intraoperative cardiopulmonary disturbances during cemented arthroplasty. However, accumulating clinical observations suggest that its systemic manifestations may extend be...
Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing evidence has shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause long-term symptoms, collectively known as long COVID, and that patients with mild COVID-19 can also be affected by persistent fatigue, cogniti...
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome driven by dysregulated immune activation and multi-organ dysfunction, with limited effective therapies. Oxylipins are endogenous lipid mediators that promote the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair, yet...
Water alkalinization is a critical global stressor for freshwater fish, yet the systemic patterns of multi-organ responses and injury remain insufficiently understood. This study integrates histopathology, biochemistry, and multi-organ transcriptomic...
Background/Objectives: Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis is accompanied by intestinal tight-junction disruption, circulating markers of barrier dysfunction, oxidative stress, bacterial dissemination, and multi-organ injury. This study...
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), widely used as food additives, frequently coexist with high-fat diets (HD) in modern dietary patterns, yet their combined in vivo toxicity remains poorly understood. This study investigated the multi-organ e...
Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a life-threatening condition characterised by oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and necrosis of intestinal epithelial cells. Different drugs with vasoactive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties ha...
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition driven by a dysregulated host response to infection, with high mortality and few treatment options. Decades of failed drug development underscore the urgent need for therapies with novel mechanisms of action. Vi...
Background/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition and a leading cause of injury-related disability and death, with significant impacts on patient outcomes. Extracranial organ involvement plays a critical role in the outcome o...
Platelets, cellular mediators of thrombosis, are activated during sepsis and are increasingly recognized as mediators of the immune response. Platelet activation is significantly increased in sepsis patients compared to ICU control patients. Despite...
Tanshinone IIA (T-IIA), a fat-soluble diterpene quinone extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, is widely recognized for its multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fibrotic, and anti-tumor effects. Recent stud...
Background: With its steadily rising global prevalence posing a profound public health challenge, obesity represents a complex disorder sustained by reciprocal disturbances in energy partitioning, glycemic control, adipokine–neuroendocrine sign...
Acute kidney injury (AKI), defined as an abrupt increase in serum creatinine, a reduced urinary output, or both, is experiencing considerable evolution in terms of our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and its impact on other organs....
Alcohol consumption and its abuse is a major health problem resulting in significant healthcare cost in the United States. Chronic alcoholism results in damage to most of the vital organs in the human body. Among the alcohol-induced injuries, alcohol...
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome marked by sudden liver function decline and multiorgan failure, predominantly acute kidney injury (AKY), in patients with chronic liver disease. Unregulated inflammation is a hallmark of ACLF; howev...
The novel therapeutic target cytokine LIGHT (TNFSF14) was recently shown to play a major role in COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study aims to investigate the associations of plasma LIGHT and another potentially targ...
Background: although liver injuries are one of the most critical complications of abdominal trauma, choosing when to operate on these injuries is challenging for surgeons worldwide. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of liver injury cases...
Tocotrienols have powerful radioprotective properties in multiple organ systems and are promising candidates for development as clinically effective radiation countermeasures. To facilitate their development as clinical radiation countermeasures, it...
Mechanical ventilation is a critical intervention in patients who cannot spontaneously maintain adequate oxygenation and remove carbon dioxide. However, it can also lead to severe lung injury via volutrauma, barotrauma, atelectrauma and biotrauma, an...
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex complication of liver failure involving oxidative stress, astroglial activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and multiorgan disturbances along the gut–liver–brain axis. This study investigated the t...
(1) Background: Respiratory insufficiency with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ dysfunction leads to high mortality in COVID-19 patients. In times of limited intensive care unit (ICU) resources, chest CTs became an important...
Background: Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic pathogen that typically causes mild infections, which are often successfully managed in outpatient settings. Immunosuppression associated with splenectomy is a well-documented r...
Sepsis is a life-threatening complication caused by an uncontrolled immune response to infection that can lead to multi-organ dysfunction, including liver injury. Recent research has shown the critical role of gut microbiota in sepsis pathogenesis, w...
Background: Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Despite several worldwide outbreaks, it is now considered a rare disease by industrialized countries. Clinical manifestations usually account for oropharynge...
The receptor for advanced glycation-end products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor with a role in inflammatory and pulmonary pathologies. Hyperactivation of RAGE by its ligands has been reported to sustain inflammation and oxidative stress in common c...
Hypertension remains a major driver of multi-organ damage, including cardiac remodeling and hepatic complications. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) has emerged as a potential metabolic signaling molecule with anti-inflammatory properties....
Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Sepsis-associated coagulation disorders are involved in the pathogenesis of multiorgan failure and lead to a subsequently worsening prognosis. Alongside the global impact of the COVID-19 p...
Glyphosate, the world’s most widely used herbicide, is of growing concern in both human and veterinary medicine because livestock, companion, and working animals may be chronically exposed through feed, water, and grazing on treated land. This...
Background/Objectives: Damage Control Resuscitation (DCR) is a critical strategy in the management of severe trauma, focusing on the optimisation of the patient’s physiological condition. This study reviews current DCR strategies, emphasizing t...
Amanita exitialis is a lethal mushroom species found in southern China. Its amatoxins can cause acute liver injury with a high case-fatality rate. However, reports combining toxin detection in clinical specimens with autopsy pathology remain limited....
Background/Objectives: Chronic ethanol (EtOH) consumption is a major cause of metabolic dysfunction and multi-organ injury, particularly in the liver and pancreas. Because oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are central mechanisms...
Our objective was to determine outcomes of severe chest trauma admitted to the ICU and the risk factors associated with mortality. An observational, prospective, and multicenter registry of trauma patients admitted to the participating ICUs (March 20...
Preeclampsia is a serious, pregnancy-specific, multi-organ disease process of compound aetiology. It affects 3–6% of expecting mothers worldwide and it persists as a leading cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. In fact, hallmar...
Platelets have received increasing attention for their role in the pathophysiology of infectious disease, inflammation, and immunity. In sepsis, a low platelet count is a well-known biomarker for disease severity and more recently authors have focuse...
Since December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has transfixed the medical world. COVID-19 symptoms vary from mild to severe and underlying chronic conditions such as pulmonary/cardiovascular disease and diabetes induce excessive inflammatory...
The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia involves two major pathways, namely systemic oxidative stress and subsequent generalised inflammatory response, which eventually culminates in endothelial cell injury and the syndrome of pre-eclampsia with multi-o...
Burn injury triggers a complex inflammatory cascade in which the interplay between pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators determines recovery or progression to sepsis, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) or multi-organ dysfunction, and mortality. We...
Fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) represents the fetal inflammatory reaction to intrauterine infection or injury, potentially leading to multiorgan impairment, neonatal mortality, and morbidity. Infections induce FIRS after chorioamnionitis...
Severe or major burns induce a pathophysiological, immune, and inflammatory response that can persist for a long time and affect morbidity and mortality. Severe burns are followed by a “hypermetabolic response”, an inflammatory process that can be ex...
of 6