Melatonin is a natural indoleamine produced by the pineal gland that has many functions, including regulation of the circadian rhythm. Many studies have reported the anticancer effect of melatonin against a myriad of cancer types. Cancer hallmarks in...
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is commonly dysregulated in cancer, impacting diverse molecular pathways. CK2 is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, constitutively active and ubiquitously expressed in eukar...
Natural products, particularly medicinal plants, are crucial in combating cancer and aiding in the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents owing to their biologically active compounds. They offer a promising avenue for developing effectiv...
The 17-member poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase enzyme family, also known as the ADP-ribosyl transferase diphtheria toxin-like (ARTD) enzyme family, contains DNA damage-responsive and nonresponsive members. Only PARP1, 2, 5a, and 5b are capable of modifyi...
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) modify target proteins with a single ADP-ribose unit or with a poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) recently became clinically available for the treatment of BRCA1/2 deficient tumors via the...
Cancer, a complex group of diseases marked by uncontrolled cell growth and invasive behavior, is characterized by distinct hallmarks acquired during tumor development. These hallmarks, first proposed by Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg in 2000, pr...
New diagnostic methods and treatments have significantly decreased the mortality rates of cancer patients, but further improvements are warranted based on the identification of novel tumor-promoting molecules that can serve as therapeutic targets. Th...
Cancer hallmark genes and proteins orchestrate and drive carcinogenesis to a large extent, therefore, it is important to study these features in different cancer types to understand the process of tumorigenesis and discover measurable indicators. We...
Cancer is a global health burden responsible for an exponentially growing number of incidences and mortalities, regardless of the significant advances in its treatment. The identification of the hallmarks of cancer is a major milestone in understandi...
The primary cilium is a solitary, nonmotile and transitory appendage that is present in virtually all mammalian cells. Our knowledge of its ultrastructure and function is the result of more than fifty years of research that has dramatically changed o...
Hypoxia is the principal architect of the topographic heterogeneity in tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) reinforces all hallmarks of cancer and donates cancer cells with more aggressive characteristics at hypoxic niches. HIF-1&...
Acetylation, a reversible epigenetic process, is implicated in many critical cellular regulatory systems including transcriptional regulation, protein structure, activity, stability, and localization. Lysine acetylation is the most prevalent and inte...
The treatment of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer has evolved over the last two decades, as knowledge of cancer biology has broadened and new targets have emerged. ‘The Hallmarks of Cancer’ illustrate the crucial capabilities acq...
Beyond its causal involvement in a group of neurodegenerative diseases known as Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, the cellular prion protein PrPC is now taking centre stage as an important contributor to cancer progression in various types o...
Despite being the leading cause of death worldwide, cancer still lacks precise biomarkers for effective targeting, limiting efforts to reduce mortality rates. This review explores the role and clinical significance of a newly identified long non-codi...
Lipids have diverse structures, with multifarious regulatory functions in membrane homeostasis and bioenergetic metabolism, in mediating functional protein–lipid and protein–protein interactions, as in cell signalling and proliferation. A...
The hallmarks of cancer represent an essential concept for discovering novel knowledge about cancer and for extracting the complexity of cancer. Due to the lack of topic analysis frameworks optimized specifically for cancer data, the studies on topic...
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease...
Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by various hallmarks, including uncontrolled cell growth, evasion of apoptosis, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis, among others. Traditional cancer therapies often target specific...
Evidence found in the literature indicates that dimeric flavonoids constitute important therapeutic options against cancer. Using these molecules to prevent cancer progression might be a novel and promising therapeutic approach with advantages like f...
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins dynamically build the buffering and adapting interface between oncogenic mutations and environmental stressors, on the one hand, and cancer cell structure, functioning, and behavior. Aberrant PTMs c...
The involvement of the nervous system in the development of cancer is controversial. Several authors have shown opinions and conflicting evidence that support the early effect of the nervous system on the carcinogenic process. For about a century, re...
Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC), also known as wasting syndrome, is a systemic condition that affects multiple tissues and organs via a variety of metabolic pathways. Systemic inflammation, progressive weight loss, depletion of adipose tissue, and s...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling and communication, allowing the intercellular exchange of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Their recognized role in the maintenance of the physiological balance and homeostasis seems...
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a catechin, which is a type of flavonoid found in high concentrations in green tea. EGCG has been studied extensively for its potential health benefits, particularly in cancer. EGCG has been found to exhibit anti-pr...
Cancer cells subvert multiple properties of normal cells, including escaping strict cell cycle regulation, gaining resistance to cell death, and remodeling the tumor microenvironment. The hallmarks of cancer have recently been updated and summarized....
The role of the amino acid transporters ASCT2 and LAT1 in cancer has been explored throughout the years. In this review, we report their impact on the hallmarks of cancer, as well as their clinical significance. Overall, both proteins have been assoc...
microRNA-204-5p (miR-204) is a small noncoding RNA with diverse regulatory roles in breast cancer (BC) development and progression. miR-204 is implicated in the instauration of fundamental traits acquired during the multistep development of BC, known...
Metformin is the most used drug for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Its antitumor activity has been described by clinical studies showing reduced risk of cancer development in T2DM patients, as well as management of T2DM compared with those receiving other g...
Cancer is a worldwide burden resulting in millions of deaths each year. In particular, gastrointestinal tumors are life-threatening malignancies and one of the leading reasons for death in developed countries. Phytochemicals can be found in grains, v...
ZKSCAN3 (also known as ZNF306) plays a pivotal role in the regulation of various cellular processes that are fundamental to the development of cancer. It has been widely acknowledged as a key contributor to cancer progression, with its overexpression...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in various biological processes involved in the hallmarks of cancer. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is lncRNA that regulates target genes through transcription, translation, post-translationa...
In 2000 and 2011, Hanahan and Weinberg published two papers in which they defined the characteristics that cells must fulfil in order to be considered neoplastic cells in all types of tumours that affect humans, which the authors called “hallmarks of...
As a key hub of malignant properties, the cancer microenvironment plays a crucial role intimately connected to tumor properties. Accumulating evidence supports that the lysophospholipid sphingosine-1-phosphate acts as a key signal in the cancer extra...
Background/Objectives: Oral leukoplakia (OL) is a prevalent oral potentially malignant disorder. Despite its clinical relevance, the molecular basis of its progression to malignancy is not yet fully elucidated. This scoping review of systematic revie...
Cancer continues to be a prominent issue in healthcare systems, resulting in approximately 9.9 million fatalities in 2020. It is the second most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Although there are difficulties in treating cancer a...
Background/Objectives: Cancer’s complexity can be rationalized through the “hallmarks of cancer,” which define the key biological capabilities driving malignancy. Induced hyperthermia—an adjunctive therapy that elevates body t...
The SHCBP1 (SHC SH2-domain-binding protein 1) is identified as an important regulator of cancer biology, participating in the modulation of multiple cancer hallmarks. Initially discovered as a component of the mitotic midbody essential for cytokinesi...
Air pollution has been recognized as a global health problem, causing around 7 million deaths worldwide and representing one of the highest environmental crises that we are now facing. Close to 30% of new lung cancer cases are associated with air pol...
Background/Objectives: Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common type of endocrine neoplasm and is increasing in incidence, particularly papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Early-stage disease has a favorable prognosis; however, advanced forms, such as a...
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and likely autoimmune nature that is currently considered an oral potentially malignant disorder, implying that patients suffering from this process are at risk of...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial elements that sustain the communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, and have emerged as a widespread mechanism of tumor formation and metastasis. In obesity, the adipose tissue becomes hype...
Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSC...
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive primary bone cancer mainly affecting the pediatric population. Despite intensive multimodal treatments, therapeutic progress has remained limited for decades, resulting in high recurrence rates, poor prognosis driv...
Cirsium japonicum is a medicinal plant traditionally used in East Asian medicine and contains multiple bioactive constituents with potential anticancer properties. This review critically evaluates the anticancer effects of C. japonicum and its associ...
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a prevalent human gamma-herpesvirus that infects the majority of the adult population worldwide and is associated with several lymphoid and epithelial malignancies. EBV displays a biphasic life cycle, namely, latent...
Reacytive Oxygen Species (ROS) have long been considered to be involved in the initiation, progression and metastasis of cancer. However, accumulating evidence points to the benefical role of ROS. Moreover, ROS production, leading to apoptosis, is th...
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins. Nowadays, lncRNAs are gaining importance as key regulators of gene expression and, consequently, of several biological functions in phys...
Background: Rhabdoid tumours (RTs) are aggressive neoplasms most often characterised by biallelic loss of the SMARCB1 gene, encoding a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodelling complex. Despite their relative genetic stability, RTs exhibit a...
Hanahan and Weinberg introduced the “hallmarks of cancer” and typified essential biological abilities acquired by human cancer. Since then, a growing understanding of hallmark principles associated with breast cancer has assisted knowledge-based ther...
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