Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder caused by dysfunction of the CFTR chloride ion channel. Progress in molecular understanding and therapy development relies on advanced cellular models and robust assays for evaluating CFTR function. This rev...
In the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), security is a very important issue. Recently, some security studies have been proposed based on the applications of Cellular Automata (CA). These works have the simplicity and high speed computation of CA,...
Additive manufacturing (AM) has a greater potential to construct lighter parts, having complex geometries with no additional cost, by embedding cellular lattice structures within an object. The geometry of lattice structure can be engineered to achie...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global health concern. Marine by-products are increasingly recognized as promising sources of functional ingredients with diverse bio-activities. This study investigated the effects of sea cucumber viscera hydr...
JNK is a protein kinase, which induces transactivation of c-jun. The three isoforms of JNK, JNK1, JNK2, and JNK3, are encoded by three distinct genes. JNK1 and JNK2 are expressed ubiquitously throughout the body. By contrast, the expression of JNK3 i...
As life expectancy continues to increase, it becomes increasingly important to extend healthspan by targeting mechanisms associated with aging. Cellular senescence is recognized as a significant contributor to aging and neurodegenerative disorders. T...
The expression of High-temperature requirement factor A4 (HtrA4) mRNA is significantly lower in the chorionic villi of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) than in the control group. We conducted an investigation into the cellular functions o...
Chronic viral infections like those caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cause disease that establishes an ongoing state of chronic inflammation. While there have been tremendous improvements towards curing HCV wit...
Peroxisomes are multifunctional organelles that play essential roles in lipid metabolism, redox regulation, and cellular signaling. An expanding body of evidence implicates peroxisomal dysfunction as a key contributor to aging and age-related disease...
Pre-coating with a protein corona on the surface of nanomaterials (NMs) is an important strategy for reducing non-specific serum protein absorption while maintaining targeting specificity. Here, we present lipoic acid-terminated polyethylene glycol a...
As with probability theory, uncertainty theory has been developed, in recent years, to portray indeterminacy phenomena in various application scenarios. We are concerned, in this paper, with the convergence property of state trajectories to equilibri...
The brain is an extremely complex organ whose function depends on the precise coordination of molecular, cellular, and network processes [...]
The development of intravital Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) is required to probe cellular and tissue function in the natural context: the living organism. Only in this way can biomedicine truly comprehend pathogenesis and develop effective...
A large number of RING finger (RNF) proteins are present in eukaryotic cells and the majority of them are believed to act as E3 ubiquitin ligases. In humans, 49 RNF proteins are predicted to contain transmembrane domains, several of which are specifi...
Lysosomes are the main proteolytic compartments of mammalian cells comprising of a battery of hydrolases. Lysosomes dispose and recycle extracellular or intracellular macromolecules by fusing with endosomes or autophagosomes through specific waste cl...
This study advances the state of the art by computing the macroscopic elastic properties of 2D periodic functionally graded microcellular materials, incorporating both isotropic and orthotropic solid phases, as seen in additively manufactured compone...
Studies performed at single-cell resolution have demonstrated the physiological significance of cell-to-cell variability. Various types of mathematical models and systems analyses of biological networks have further been used to gain a better underst...
Disordered plant chaperones play key roles in helping plants survive in harsh conditions, and they are indispensable for seeds to remain viable. Aside from well-known and thoroughly characterized globular chaperone proteins, there are a number of int...
We discuss the problem of electron transfer (ET) in mixed valence (MV) molecules that is at the core of molecular Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) functioning. Theoretical modelling of tetrameric bi-electronic MV molecular square (prototype of basic Q...
Cardiogenesis and heart cell composition and function constitute fundamental areas of cardiovascular medicine research, and exploring their underlying mechanisms is closely tied to the goals of precision medicine. This review comprehensively examines...
Aging is the greatest challenge to humankind worldwide. Aging is associated with a progressive loss of physiological integrity due to a decline in cellular metabolism and functions. Such metabolic changes lead to age-related diseases, thereby comprom...
The cellular metabolic processes ensure the physiological integrity of the dentine-pulp complex. Odontoblasts and odontoblast-like cells are responsible for the defence mechanisms in the form of tertiary dentine formation. In turn, the main defence r...
NO-stimulated guanylyl cyclase (SGC) is a hemoprotein that plays key roles in various physiological functions. SGC is a typical enzyme-linked receptor that combines the functions of a sensor for NO gas and cGMP generator. SGC possesses exclusive sele...
Skin aging is driven largely by oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, processes closely linked to cellular senescence and declining NRF2 activity. Numerous dietary phytochemicals—such as curcumin (from turmeric)...
Influenza causes millions of cases of hospitalizations annually and remains a public health concern on a global scale. Vaccines are developed and have proven to be the most effective countermeasures against influenza infection. Their efficacy has bee...
Positive-sense RNA viruses are responsible for frequent and often devastating diseases in humans, animals, and plants. However, the development of effective vaccines and anti-viral therapies targeted towards these pathogens has been hindered by an in...
: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), as potent oxidants in cells, have been shown to promote the development of NAFLD. Previous studies reported that for ROS-in...
The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex, which spans the nuclear envelope, physically connects nuclear components to the cytoskeleton and plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes, including nuclear positioning, cell mig...
Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy (NLSDM) and with ichthyosis (NLSDI) are rare autosomal recessive disorders caused by mutations in the PNPLA2 and in the ABHD5/CGI58 genes, respectively. These genes encode the adipose triglyceride lipase (A...
Deleterious mutations in the X-linked Patched domain-containing 1 (PTCHD1) gene may account for up to 1% of autism cases. Despite this, the PTCHD1 protein remains poorly understood. Structural similarities to Patched family proteins point to a role i...
Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) are dynamic membrane-less organelles (MLOs) located in the nucleus that serve as regulatory hubs for multiple cellular processes. This review examines current understanding of PML-NB structure, assembly...
Objective: This study evaluated whether higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), specifically through increased legume consumption, is associated with improved functional, autonomic, and performance parameters in adolescents and young adult c...
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) plays critical roles in a range of biological processes including organ development and homeostasis, epigenomic and transcriptomic regulation, gene repression and imprinting, and DNA damage repair. A widely known fu...
p16Ink4a is a tumor suppressor and a marker for cellular senescence. Previous studies have shown that p16Ink4a plays an important role in the response to DNA damage signals caused by telomere dysfunction. In this study, we crossed Wrn−/− and p16Ink4a...
Biological membranes are the quintessential functional interface of life, where lipid bilayer mechanics, compositional heterogeneity, and dynamic protein interactions converge to govern cellular physiology [...]
The conserved eukaryotic DNA repair enzyme Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I (Tdp1) removes a diverse array of adducts from the end of DNA strand breaks. Tdp1 specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester linked DNA-adducts. These DNA lesions...
In patients with liver malignancies, the cellular immune function was impaired in vitro after selective internal radiotherapy (SIRT). Because immunosuppression varied substantially, in the current study, we investigated in 25 SIRT patients followed u...
The human gut relies on several cellular and molecular mechanisms to allow for an intact and dynamical intestinal barrier. Normally, only small amounts of luminal content pass the mucosa, however, if the control is broken it can lead to enhanced pass...
It is widely recognised that cells respond to their microenvironment, which has implications for cell culture practices. Growth cues provided by 2D cell culture substrates are far removed from native 3D tissue structure in vivo. Geometry is one of ma...
Although nude mice are an ideal photoaging research model, skin biopsies result in inflammation and are rarely performed at baseline. Meanwhile, studies on antiphotoaging antioxidants or rejuvenation techniques often neglect the spontaneous reversal...
18 July 2026
Mitochondria coordinate cellular energy production, metabolism, and signalling through the organization of the electron transport chain (ETC) and formation of respiratory supercomplexes. These structures facilitate efficient electron transfer and ena...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results from the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Since there are only symptomatic treatments available, new cellular and molecular...
Nanotechnology plays an increasingly important role in the biomedical arena. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) have become important tools in molecular diagnostics, in vivo imaging and improved treatment of disease, with the ultimate aim o...
The gene encoding the High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1) chromatin remodeling protein is upregulated in diverse cancers where high levels portend adverse clinical outcomes. Until recently, HMGA1 was assumed to be a nuclear protein exerting its role in ca...
Stress seems to contribute to the neuropathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), possibly by dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Oxidative distress and mitochondrial dysfunction are key factors involved in the pathophysiology of PD...
The link between mitochondria and major depressive disorder (MDD) is increasingly evident, underscored both by mitochondria’s involvement in many mechanisms identified in depression and the high prevalence of MDD in individuals with mitochondri...
Details of the functional mechanisms of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in living cells is an area not frequently investigated. Here, we dissect the molecular mechanism of action of an IDP in cells by detailed structural analyses based on an...
Phytochemicals, including flavonoids, stilbenoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and structurally related synthetic small molecules, exhibit a broad spectrum of beneficial pharmacological effects. These effects stem not only from interactions with specific...
Presenilin proteins (PS1 and PS2) represent the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase and play a critical role in the generation of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). However, PS proteins also exert...
Accurate prediction of the adverse effects of test compounds on living systems, detection of toxic thresholds, and expansion of experimental data sets to include multiple toxicity end-point analysis are required for any robust screening regime. Alama...
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