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Despite great technical capabilities, the theory of non-contact temperature measurement is usually not fully applicable to the use of measuring instruments in practice. While black body calibrations and black body radiation thermometry (BBRT) are in...
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Data for solar radiation resources play a pivotal role in assessing the energy yield capability of solar applications. A nationwide database for the typical meteorological year from the 30 weather stations of the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) in Taiwa...
The present system of radiation protection assumes that exposure at low doses and/or low dose-rates leads to health risks linearly related to the dose. They are evaluated by a combination of epidemiological data and radiobiological models. The latter...
28 December 2022
Japanese people experienced the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings, the Japan Nuclear Fuel Conversion Co. criticality accident, it was found that many human resources are needed to respond to residents’ concerns about disaster exposure in t...
An electronic system generates a large number of intended or unintended electromagnetic radiated emissions in its operating state, which can lead to potential electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problems. To avoid the impact of these electromagnetic...
Due to some of their unique properties, optical fiber dosimeters are attractive and extensively researched devices in several radiation-related areas. This work evaluates the performance and potential of commercial perfluorinated polymer optical fibe...
Protein synthesis, or mRNA translation, is one of the most energy-consuming functions in cells. Translation of mRNA into proteins is thus highly regulated by and integrated with upstream and downstream signaling pathways, dependent on various transac...
A novel combined solar heating plant with flat plate collectors (FPC) and parabolic trough collectors (PTC) was constructed and put into operation in Taars, 30 km north of Aalborg, Denmark in August 2015. To assess the thermal performance of the sola...
An important hallmark of radiation dermatitis is the impairment of the mitotic ability of the stem/progenitor cells in the basal cell layers due to radiation-induced DNA damage, leading to suppressed cell renewal in the epidermis. However, this mecha...
In recent years, optical fibers have found extensive use in special environments, including high-energy radiation scenarios like nuclear explosion diagnostics and reactor monitoring. However, radiation exposure, such as X-rays, gamma rays, and neutro...
An exact analytical expression for the effective angle is determined for an arbitrary energy value of a radiating particle. An effective angle of instantaneous power is defined for synchrotron radiation in the framework of classical electrodynamics....
Physicians performing cardiac angiography are exposed to scattered radiation originating from the patient, and visualizing scattered radiation sources could help optimize radiation protection strategies. In this study, an existing scattered radiation...
Compact chromatin is linked to a poor tumour prognosis and resistance to radiotherapy from photons. We investigated DNA damage induction and repair in the context of chromatin structure for densely ionising alpha radiation as well as its therapeutic...
29 April 2005
In an era of an increasing number of invasive procedures particular attention to radiation exposure and protection measures for patients and staff is warranted. Ionising radiation accounts for risk-dose-dependent stochastic effects (no threshold dose...
Radiation events such as nuclear war, nuclear reactor incidents, and the deployment of a radioactive dispersal device (dirty bomb) are all significant threats in today’s world. Each of these events would bring significant challenges to clinicia...
Combined radiation exposures—pairings of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation—are increasingly relevant in medical, spaceflight, and environmental contexts. This systematic review evaluates their radiobiological effects and therapeutic app...
For real-time evaluation of non-destructive air-coupled ultrasonic testing of wood-based materials, efficient and reliable calculation methods from ultrasonic holography are essential. Presented here is the spec-radiation method as a fast alternative...
People’s affective response in relation to radiation is important in their risk perceptions of low-dose radiation (LDR), medical interventions involving LDR, and acceptance of nuclear power production. Risk perception studies generally relate t...
Background: Patients with brain, head, and neck tumors experience a decline in their quality of life due to radiation retinopathy and optic neuropathy. Little is known about the dose–response relationship and patient characteristics. We aimed t...
Exposure of aircrew to cosmic radiation has been recognized as an occupational health risk for several decades. Based on the recommendations by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), many countries and their aviation authorit...
This study explores advanced methodologies for estimating subcanopy solar radiation using LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging)-derived point clouds and GIS (Geographic Information System)-based models, with a focus on evaluating the impact of differen...
Exoplanets are born and evolve in the radiation and particle environment created by their host star. The host star’s optical and infrared radiation heats the exoplanet’s lower atmosphere and surface, while the ultraviolet, extreme ultraviolet and X-r...
Cherenkov radiation may occur whenever the source is moving faster than the waves it generates. In a radiation dominated universe, with equation-of-state
Breast cancer is diagnosed in nearly 3 million people worldwide. Radiation therapy is an integral component of disease management for patients with breast cancer, and is used after breast-conserving surgery or a mastectomy to reduce the risk of a loc...
Radiation of tumor cells can lead to the selection and outgrowth of tumor escape variants. As radioresistant tumor cells are still sensitive to retargeting of T cells, it appears promising to combine radio- with immunotherapy keeping in mind that the...
Radiation has a wide variety of effects on the liver. Fibrosis is a concern in medical fields as one of the acute effects of high-dose irradiation, such as with cancer radiotherapies. Cancer is also an important concern following exposure to radiatio...
Radiation countermeasures fall under three categories, radiation protectors, radiation mitigators, and radiation therapeutics. Radiation protectors are agents that are administered before radiation exposure to protect from radiation-induced injuries...
29 February 2024
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a crucial role in the development of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The types of UV radiation are differentiated by wavelength: UVA (315 to 400 nm), UVB (280 to 320 nm), and UVC (100 to 280 nm). UV radiation...
Background: Radiation therapy is a critical treatment modality for craniofacial tumors and metastatic lesions, particularly gliomas. While effective, it poses significant risks of neurotoxicity, which adversely affects patient quality of life. This r...
The monitoring of neutron radiation in extreme high ≈1014 (#/cm2-s) neutron/photon fields and at extremely-low (≈10−3 #/cm2-s) levels poses daunting challenges—important in fields spanning nuclear energy, special nuclear mater...
Radiation-induced damage is a complex network of interlinked signaling pathways, which may result in apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cancer. The development of thyroid cancer in response to radiation, from nuclear catastrophes to chemot...
This article provides a review of semiconductor based ionising radiation sensors to measure accumulated dose and detect individual strikes of ionising particles. The measurement of ionising radiation (
Pancreas cancer has a poor prognosis despite aggressive treatment and is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. At diagnosis, most patients have either metastatic or locally advanced disease. In this article, we review the evo...
Recent spaceflights involving nonprofessional people have opened the doors to the suborbital space tourism business. However, they have also drawn public attention to the safety and hazards associated with space travel. Unfortunately, space travel in...
Due to the short path length of alpha particles in air, a detector that can be used at a distance from any potential radiological contamination reduces the time and hazard that traditional alpha detection methods incur. This would reduce costs and pr...
Surface downward shortwave radiation (DSR) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), its visible component, are key parameters needed for many land process models and terrestrial applications. Most existing DSR and PAR products were developed fo...
Solar radiation has important impacts on buildings such as for cooling/heating load forecasting, energy consumption forecasting, and multi-energy complementary optimization. Two types of solar radiation data are commonly used in buildings: radiation...
Background: The use of radiation is important in different medical procedures, and to ensure a high level of good medical practice, radiation protection (RP) should be seen as a very important subject. This review shows information about the knowledg...
The conventional radiation treatment of cancer patients has typically involved a large number of daily treatments with relatively low doses of radiation. However, improved technology has now resulted in the increased use of fewer radiation fractions...
Ionizing radiation has become the most effective way to modify natural and synthetic polymers through crosslinking, degradation, and graft polymerization. This review will include an in-depth analysis of radiation chemistry mechanisms and the kinetic...
Axial flow fans, used for heat dissipation in electronic equipment, may generate significant electromagnetic interference during PWM speed regulation. Due to its multiple radiation sources and relatively smaller size compared to the equipment, the ra...
Optical fibers are being widely utilized as radiation sensors and dosimeters. Benefiting from the rapidly growing optical fiber manufacturing and material engineering, advanced optical fibers have evolved significantly by using functional structures...
Cosmic radiation belongs to the challenges engineers have to deal with when further developing space travel. Besides the severe risks for humans due to high-energy particles or waves, the impact of cosmic radiation on electronics and diverse material...
Exergy is a thermodynamic property that represents the quantification of the maximum useful work that can be extracted from a system interacting with the environment. Regarding solar radiation, radiative exergy has been a matter of study over the las...
Ionizing radiation (IR) exposure poses a significant biomedical challenge in clinical, occupational, and emergency contexts, highlighting the urgent need for effective medical countermeasures against acute radiation syndrome (ARS) and delayed effects...
As nuclear technology evolves, and continues to be used in various fields since its discovery less than a century ago, radiation safety has become a major concern to humans and the environment. Radiation monitoring plays a significant role in prevent...
With advances in space, nuclear, and defense industries, the susceptibility of semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) to radiation has increased. Radiation-induced degradation and malfunctioning of IC performance can lead to system failure, leading...
Radioactivity is a process in which the nuclei of unstable atoms spontaneously decay, producing other nuclei and releasing energy in the form of ionizing radiation in the form of alpha (α) and beta (β) particles as well as the emission of...
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