This project aimed to systematically investigate the archaeological remains of the imperial Domitian villa in Sabaudia (Italy), using different three-dimensional survey techniques. Particular attention in the research was paid to the identification a...
Advances in proximal hyperspectral sensing tools, chemometric techniques, and data-driven modeling have enhanced precision irrigation management by facilitating the monitoring of several plant traits. This study investigated the performance of remote...
The emergence of various types of commercial cameras (compact, high resolution, high angle of view, high speed, and high dynamic range, etc.) has contributed significantly to the understanding of human activities. By taking advantage of the character...
Grasslands have a natural capacity to decrease air pollution and a positive impact on human life. However, their maintenance requires adequate irrigation, which is difficult to apply in many regions where drought and high temperatures are frequent. T...
Digital cameras can provide a consistent view of vegetation phenology at fine spatial and temporal scales that are impractical to collect manually and are currently unobtainable by satellite and most aerial based sensors. This study links greenness i...
In this paper, we performed a feasibility study of using a water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) for conducting imaging analysis with a digital camera. The liquid scintillator (LS) dissolves a scintillating fluor in an organic base solvent to emit l...
Precision viticulture has arisen in recent years as a new approach in grape production. It is based on assessing field spatial variability and implementing site-specific management strategies, which can require georeferenced information of the three...
Gait analysis is an important tool for the early detection of neurological diseases and for the assessment of risk of falling in elderly people. The availability of low-cost camera hardware on the market today and recent advances in Machine Learning...
This study investigates the impact of various experimental parameters on the reflective photoelastic coating technique used to measure the stress and strain in model soil particles. The focus is directed towards three pivotal parameters: the choice o...
RGB digital cameras (RGB) compress the spectral information into a trichromatic system capable of approximately representing the actual colors of objects. Although RGB digital cameras follow the same compression philosophy as the human eye (OBS), the...
Conventional digital cameras, the Nikon Coolpix885® and the SeaLife ECOshot®, were used as in situ optical instruments for water quality monitoring. Measured response spectra showed that these digital cameras are basically three-band radiometers. The...
For many decades the multispectral images of the earth’s surface and its objects were taken from multispectral sensors placed on satellites. In recent years, the technological evolution produced similar sensors (much smaller in size and weight)...
Color data are often required for cultural heritage documentation. These data are typically acquired via standard digital cameras since they facilitate a quick and cost-effective way to extract RGB values from photos. However, cameras’ absolute...
The identification of respiratory patterns based on the movement of the chest wall can assist in monitoring an individual’s health status, particularly those with neuromuscular disorders, such as hemiplegia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Thor...
Commercially available digital cameras can be mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for crop growth monitoring in open-air fields as a low-cost, highly effective observation system. However, few studies have investigated their potential for nit...
The use of consumer digital cameras or webcams to characterize and monitor different features has become prevalent in various domains, especially in environmental applications. Despite some promising results, such digital camera systems generally suf...
This work presents an experimental validation of a physics-based inverse rendering method for determining the reduced scattering and absorption coefficients of turbid materials in arbitrary shape from a single image per wavelength. Based on our previ...
Red–green–blue (RGB) cameras which are attached in commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can support remote-observation small-scale campaigns, by mapping, within a few centimeter’s accuracy, an area of interest. Vegetated areas...
With the ever-improving advances in computer vision and Earth observation capabilities, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) allow extensive forest inventory and the description of stand structure indirectly. We performed several flights with different UA...
Innovative lighting and dynamic sound systems as well as adaptive object mapping solutions constitute a rapidly developing branch of lighting technology and multimedia technology. In order to make it possible to adjust the content to specific objects...
A modified 3D colour digital image correlation method (3D cDIC) is proposed for efficient displacement measurements of colour objects with natural texture. The method is using a separate analysis of correlation coefficient (sigma) value in the RGB ch...
Marker-based motion capture systems using infrared cameras (IR MoCaps) are commonly employed in biomechanical research. However, their high costs pose challenges for many institutions seeking to implement such systems. This study aims to develop a ne...
Accurate color property measurements are critical for advancing artificial vision in real-time industrial applications. RGB imaging remains highly applicable and widely used due to its practicality, accessibility, and high spatial resolution. However...
We propose the visualization of venous compliance (VC) using a digital red-green-blue (RGB) camera. The new imaging method, which transforms RGB values into VC, combines VC evaluation with blood concentration estimation from the RGB values of each pi...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) support a large array of technological applications and scientific studies due to their ability to collect high-resolution image data. The processing of UAV data requires the use of mosaicking technology, such as struc...
Time-of-flight cameras, based on Photonic Mixer Device (PMD) technology, are capable of measuring distances to objects at high frame rates, however, the measured ranges and the intensity data contain systematic errors that need to be corrected. In th...
This study deals with the color reproduction of a work of art to digitize it into a 3D realistic model. The experiment aims to digitize a work of art for application in a virtual reality environment concerning faithful color reproduction. Photogramme...
Visualizing two variables in the fluid flow requires a complex optical system to fulfill such a purpose. Furthermore, in these applications, measuring the temperature fields of the fluid is sometimes necessary. In this work, we use a color digital ca...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of the practical application of unmanned aerial vehicles and RGB vegetation indices (VIs) in the monitoring of a coffee crop. The study was conducted in an experimental coffee field over a 12-...
Crop height is an essential parameter used to monitor overall crop growth, forecast crop yield, and estimate crop biomass in precision agriculture. However, individual maize segmentation is the prerequisite for precision field monitoring, which is a...
Digital photoelasticity enables non-contact, full-field stress analysis through optical fringe patterns, yet its practical deployment is often constrained by experimental complexity and the limited availability of open, standardized datasets. The eme...
Over the past decades, climate change has accelerated the deterioration of heritage sites and archaeological resources in Arctic and subarctic landscapes. At the same time, increased tourism and growing numbers of site visitors contribute to the degr...
The digitization of pathology departments in hospitals around the world is now a reality. The current commercial solutions applied to digitize histopathological samples consist of a robotic microscope with an RGB-type camera attached to it. This tech...
This paper presents a methodology for levee damage detection based on Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) data. In this experiment, the data were acquired from the UAS platform, which was equipped with a laser scanner and a digital RGB (Red, Green, Blue) ca...
Rice lodging severely affects harvest yield. Traditional evaluation methods and manual on-site measurement are found to be time-consuming, labor-intensive, and cost-intensive. In this study, a new method for rice lodging assessment based on a deep le...
To provide a realistic environment for remote sensing applications, point clouds are used to realize a three-dimensional (3D) digital world for the user. Motion recognition of objects, e.g., humans, is required to provide realistic experiences in the...
Soil water content (SWC) is a critical indicator for engineering construction, crop production, and the hydrologic cycle. The rapid and accurate assessment of SWC is of great importance. At present, digital images are becoming increasingly popular in...
Apricot stones have high commercial value and can be used for manufacturing functional foods, cosmetic products, active carbon, and biodiesel. The optimal processing of the stones is dependent on the cultivar and there is a need for methods to sort a...
Infrared imaging sensors are frequently used in thermal signature detection applications in industrial, automotive, military and many other areas. However, advanced infrared detectors are generally associated with high costs and complexity. Infrared...
Computer vision in the agriculture field aims to find solutions to guarantee and assure farmers the quality of their products. Therefore, studies to diagnose diseases and detect anomalies in crops, through computer vision, have been growing in recent...
The quality of wine grapes in dry climates greatly depends on utilizing optimal amounts of irrigation water during the growing season. Robust and accurate techniques are essential for assessing crop water status in grapevines so that both over-irriga...
The use of smartphones and digital cameras as color measurement tools is reported. Initially, a careful mathematical analysis of the intrinsic limitations of using an 8-bit RGB color space was conducted, determining the ΔE in terms of sensitivi...
Pastures are botanically diverse and difficult to characterize. Digital modeling of pasture biomass and quality by non-destructive methods can provide highly valuable support for decision-making. This study aimed to evaluate aerial and on-ground meth...
In this study, a non-linear hue–wavelength (H-W) curve was investigated from 400 to 650 nm. To date, no study has reported on H-W relationship measurements, especially down to the 400 nm region. A digital camera mounted with complementary metal...
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) offer excellent survey capabilities at low cost to provide farmers with information about the type and distribution of weeds in their fields. In this study, the problem of detecting the infestation of a typical weed (c...
Bayer pattern filters have been used in many commercial digital cameras. In National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) mast camera (Mastcam) imaging system, onboard the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity, a Bayer pattern...
Forage and field peas provide essential nutrients for livestock diets, and high-quality field peas can influence livestock health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Above-ground biomass (AGBM) is one of the vital traits and the primary component of...
Safe human–robot collaboration remains a critical challenge in manufacturing. Traditional safety approaches, such as cages and proximity sensors, are often insufficient for dynamic human interaction. This paper presents a digital twin-based col...
Vegetation indices, such as the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), are common metrics used for measuring traits of interest in crop phenotyping. However, traditional measurements of these indices are often influenced by multiple confoundi...
Spectral vegetation indices (SVIs) have been widely used to detect different plant diseases. Wheat leaf rust manifests itself as an early symptom with the leaves turning yellow and orange. The sign of advancing disease is the leaf colour changing to...
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