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52 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,733 Views
19 Pages

Polyol Formation of Silver@Metal Oxides Nanohybrid for Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Performance

  • Jovairya Azam,
  • Zahoor Ahmad,
  • Ali Irfan,
  • Asima Naz,
  • Muhammad Arshad,
  • Rabia Sattar,
  • Mohammad Raish,
  • Bakar Bin Khatab Abbasi and
  • Yousef A. Bin Jardan

17 March 2025

The polyol method under a single pot has successfully produced a coating of CuO, TiO2, and the combination of CuO/TiO2 around Ag NWs under sequential addition. The Ag NWs and their coating with a pure metal oxide and a hybrid of metal oxide were char...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,265 Views
24 Pages

16 August 2023

Literature reviews have described the applications of silver, copper, and zinc ions and metallic particles of Cu, Ti, and Zn oxides, which have been found to be useful antimicrobial reagents for the biofunctionalization of various materials and their...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
2,973 Views
19 Pages

5 June 2020

Adding nanoparticles to fluid has led to a new class of fluids named as nanofluids. Different concentrations and its effective cooling have attracted many engineering applications to test this new fluid. Lately, important heat enhancement has been ob...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,975 Views
15 Pages

Investigations of TiO2/NanoTiO2 Bimodal Coatings Obtained by a Hybrid PVD/ALD Method on Al-Si-Cu Alloy Substrate

  • Marcin Staszuk,
  • Łukasz Reimann,
  • Daniel Pakuła,
  • Mirosława Pawlyta,
  • Małgorzata Musztyfaga-Staszuk,
  • Paweł Czaja and
  • Petr Beneš

4 March 2022

This study aimed to investigate the influence of bimodal TiO2/nanoTiO2 coatings obtained in the PVD/ALD hybrid process on an Al-Si-Cu-type aluminium alloy on the physicochemical properties of the investigated materials. The reference materials were u...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,085 Views
10 Pages

17 August 2022

We report a theoretical investigation of the influence of Cu doping into TiO2 with various concentrations on crystal structure, stability, electronic structures and optical absorption coefficient using density functional theory via the hybrid formali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,144 Views
13 Pages

A New CuSe-TiO2-GO Ternary Nanocomposite: Realizing a High Capacitance and Voltage for an Advanced Hybrid Supercapacitor

  • Muhammad Sajjad,
  • Abdul Jabbar Khan,
  • Sayed M. Eldin,
  • Asma A. Alothman,
  • Mohamed Ouladsmane,
  • Patrizia Bocchetta,
  • Waqas Ul Arifeen,
  • Muhammad Sufyan Javed and
  • Zhiyu Mao

26 December 2022

A high capacitance and widened voltage frames for an aqueous supercapacitor system are challenging to realize simultaneously in an aqueous medium. The severe water splitting seriously restricts the narrow voltage of the aqueous electrolyte beyond 2 V...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,862 Views
21 Pages

Enhancing the Efficiency of Solar Cells Based on TiO2 and ZnO Photoanodes Through Copper Oxide: A Comparative Study Using Vitis labrusca Extract and N3 Ruthenium Dye

  • Higor Oliveira da Cunha,
  • Arcano Matheus Bragança Leite,
  • Rajendran Suresh Babu,
  • Hamilton Santos Gama Filho,
  • Ramon Silva dos Santos,
  • Marcelino José dos Anjos and
  • Ana Lucia Ferreira de Barros

6 December 2024

This study investigates the effects of varying CuO doping concentrations on the performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based or zinc oxide (ZnO)-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). TiO2 or ZnO mixed with CuO at different weight percentages (0&n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
869 Views
11 Pages

21 May 2025

To meet the stringent demands of next-generation flexible optoelectronic devices, a novel fabrication approach is employed that integrates the spray-coating of copper nanowires (Cu NWs) with the magnetron sputtering of SrTiO3 thin films, thereby yiel...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,318 Views
9 Pages

Photoreduction of Copper Ions Using Silica–Surfactant Hybrid and Titanium (IV) Oxide under Sulfuric Acid Conditions

  • Shingo Machida,
  • Reo Kato,
  • Kaishi Hasegawa,
  • Takahiro Gotoh,
  • Ken-ichi Katsumata and
  • Atsuo Yasumori

24 July 2022

Photoreduction of Cu2+ ions to Cu metal by titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) was conducted in the presence of a silica–surfactant hybrid under sulfuric acid conditions. After irradiation, a dark-red color, reflections due to Cu metal in the X-ray diffr...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,839 Views
27 Pages

Effect of TiO2 on Acidity and Dispersion of H3PW12O40 in Bifunctional Cu-ZnO(Al)-H3PW12O40/TiO2 Catalysts for Direct Dimethyl Ether Synthesis

  • Elena Millán Ordóñez,
  • Noelia Mota Toledo,
  • Bertrand Revel,
  • Olivier Lafon and
  • Rufino M. Navarro Yerga

8 July 2024

The performance of bifunctional hybrid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, HPW) supported on TiO2 combined with a Cu-ZnO(Al) catalyst in the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas has been investigated. In this work, dif...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,349 Views
22 Pages

30 December 2022

The use of semiconductors for bacterial photoinactivation is a promising approach that has attracted great interest in wastewater remediation. The photoinactivator Cu-TTC/ZTO/TO was synthesized by the solvothermal method from the coordination complex...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,265 Views
22 Pages

17 September 2020

The performance of bifunctional hybrid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (H3PW12O40, HPW) supported on TiO2 combined with Cu-ZnO(Al) catalyst in the direct synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas has been investigated. We studied the effe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,182 Views
15 Pages

22 December 2022

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of the intermediates or final products of biological metabolism and participates in many important biological processes of life activities. The detection of H2O2 is of great significance in clinical disease monitoring,...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
504 Views
18 Pages

Biological Response and Antimicrobial Behaviour of Sputtered TiO2/Cu Coatings Deposited on Ti6Al4V Alloy

  • Maria P. Nikolova,
  • Yordan Handzhiyski,
  • Tanya V. Dimitrova,
  • Andreana Andreeva,
  • Stefan Valkov,
  • Maria Ormanova and
  • Margarita D. Apostolova

18 November 2025

Nanostructured TiO2/Cu coatings were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloy by a two-step glow-discharge sputtering process and evaluated for their structural, electrochemical, and biological properties. Dual-acid etching produced microroughened substrates befor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
788 Views
18 Pages

Cu9S5/Gel-Derived TiO2 Composites for Efficient CO2 Adsorption and Conversion

  • Shuai Liu,
  • Yang Meng,
  • Zhengfei Chen,
  • Jiefeng Yan,
  • Fuyan Gao,
  • Tao Wu and
  • Guangsuo Yu

4 September 2025

Engineering phase-selective gel composites presents a promising route to enhance both CO2 adsorption and conversion efficiency in photocatalytic systems. In this work, Cu9S5/TiO2 gel composites were synthesized via a hydrazine-hydrate-assisted hydrot...

  • Article
  • Open Access
78 Citations
9,459 Views
20 Pages

UV-Vis-Induced Degradation of Phenol over Magnetic Photocatalysts Modified with Pt, Pd, Cu and Au Nanoparticles

  • Izabela Wysocka,
  • Ewa Kowalska,
  • Konrad Trzciński,
  • Marcin Łapiński,
  • Grzegorz Nowaczyk and
  • Anna Zielińska-Jurek

7 January 2018

The combination of TiO2 photocatalyst and magnetic oxide nanoparticles enhances the separation and recoverable properties of nanosized TiO2 photocatalyst. Metal-modified (Me = Pd, Au, Pt, Cu) TiO2/SiO2@Fe3O4 nanocomposites were prepared by an ultraso...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,942 Views
16 Pages

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibiofouling Potential of Some Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

  • Lucía Blanco-Covián,
  • José Ramón Campello-García,
  • María Carmen Blanco-López and
  • Manuel Miranda-Martínez

24 August 2020

This study explores the potential antibiofouling capacity of coatings based on mixes of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)-glutaraldehyde (GA) incorporating additions of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO, CuO, AgNPs and Ag-TiO2NPs). Such a kind of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
2,253 Views
15 Pages

Numerical Investigation on High-Performance Cu-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Biosensing Application

  • M. Muthumanikkam,
  • Alagu Vibisha,
  • Michael Cecil Lordwin Prabhakar,
  • Ponnan Suresh,
  • Karupiya Balasundaram Rajesh,
  • Zbigniew Jaroszewicz and
  • Rajan Jha

29 August 2023

This numerical research presents a simple hybrid structure comprised of TiO2-Cu-BaTiO3 for a modified Kretschmann configuration that exhibits high sensitivity and high resolution for biosensing applications through an angular interrogation method. Re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,631 Views
19 Pages

Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Properties of Cu-Loaded ZIF-67-Derivatized Bean Sprout-Like Co-TiO2/Ti Nanostructures

  • Hye Ji Jang,
  • So Jeong Park,
  • Ju Hyun Yang,
  • Sung-Min Hong,
  • Choong Kyun Rhee and
  • Youngku Sohn

24 July 2021

ZIF-derivatized catalysts have shown high potential in catalysis. Herein, bean sprout-like Co-TiO2/Ti nanostructures were first synthesized by thermal treatment at 800 °C under Ar-flow conditions using sacrificial ZIF-67 templated on Ti sheets. It wa...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,988 Views
19 Pages

28 October 2021

The use of nanofluids for heat transfer has been examined in recent years as a potential method for augmentation of heat transfer in different systems. Often, the use of nanoparticles in a working fluid does not disrupt the system in significant ways...

  • Article
  • Open Access
37 Citations
3,542 Views
26 Pages

Impact of Employing Hybrid Nanofluids as Heat Carrier Fluid on the Thermal Performance of a Borehole Heat Exchanger

  • Hossein Javadi,
  • Javier F. Urchueguia,
  • Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi and
  • Borja Badenes

17 May 2021

In this numerical study, 4 types of hybrid nanofluid, including Ag-MgO/water, TiO2-Cu/water, Al2O3-CuO/water, and Fe3O4-multi-wall carbon nanotube/water, have been considered potential working fluid in a single U-tube borehole heat exchanger. The sel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
864 Views
25 Pages

A Dual-Sensitizer Strategy for Enhanced Photocatalysis by Coupling Perylene Tetracarboxylic Acid and Copper Phthalocyanine Tetracarboxylic Acids on TiO2

  • Alina Raditoiu,
  • Florentina Monica Raduly,
  • Maria Grapin,
  • Radu Claudiu Fierascu,
  • Cristian-Andi Nicolae,
  • Bogdan Trica and
  • Valentin Raditoiu

14 October 2025

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used photocatalyst, yet its activity is limited to ultraviolet light due to its large band gap. To extend absorption into the visible spectrum, this study developed a dual-sensitizer strategy by coupling perylene t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,223 Views
13 Pages

Photocatalytically Active Semiconductor Cu3P Unites with Flocculent TiN for Efficient Removal of Sulfamethoxazole

  • Huancong Shi,
  • Xulei Yao,
  • Shijian Lu,
  • Yuanhui Zuo,
  • Tao Zheng and
  • Liangquan Jia

28 January 2023

Sulfamethoxazole is a widely—used antibiotic with high water solubility and low biodegradability, which was considered a refractory environmental pollutant. Hence, a series of functionalized hybrids uniting Cu3P with TiN were prepared. The Cu3P...

  • Article
  • Open Access
548 Views
20 Pages

1 December 2025

Lead-free chalcogenide perovskites are emerging as promising alternatives to hybrid halide perovskites due to their superior thermal stability, non-toxicity, and strong optical absorption. In this study, the photovoltaic performance of single-junctio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,242 Views
42 Pages

13 November 2025

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the large-scale production of synthetic and hybrid (nanoparticle-loaded) nanofibers using needleless electrospinning. A diverse range of polymers, including polyamide 6 (PA6) and its other polyme...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
2,602 Views
13 Pages

In the present work, an attempt is made to investigate the performance of three fluids with forced convection in a wavy channel. The fluids are water, a nanofluid of 1% TiO2 in a water solution and a hybrid fluid which consists of 1% Al2O3–Cu nanopar...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,267 Views
20 Pages

Electrocoagulation Coupled with TiO2 Photocatalysis: An Advanced Strategy for Treating Leachates from the Degradation of Green Waste and Domestic WWTP Biosolids in Biocells

  • Rodny Peñafiel,
  • Nelly Esther Flores Tapia,
  • Celia Margarita Mayacela Rojas,
  • Freddy Roberto Lema Chicaiza and
  • Lander Pérez

2 June 2025

Leachates generated from the degradation of green waste and biosolids from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) pose significant environmental concerns due to high concentrations of organic pollutants and heavy metals. This study proposes a hybr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
2,486 Views
18 Pages

Computational Analysis of the Morphological Aspects of Triadic Hybridized Magnetic Nanoparticles Suspended in Liquid Streamed in Coaxially Swirled Disks

  • Zubair Akbar Qureshi,
  • Sardar Bilal,
  • Imtiaz Ali Shah,
  • Ali Akgül,
  • Rabab Jarrar,
  • Hussein Shanak and
  • Jihad Asad

17 February 2022

Currently, pagination clearly explains the increase in the thermophysical attributes of viscous hybrid nanofluid flow by varying morphological aspects of inducted triadic magnetic nanoparticles between two coaxially rotating disks. Copper metallic na...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,928 Views
17 Pages

18 November 2022

In the current industry, coolants are widely used in numerous operations for the purpose of cooling and heat transfer. These operations include all kinds of heat sinks for electronic devices and manufacturing processes such as milling, drilling, turn...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,898 Views
15 Pages

Isotropic Contact Properties in Monolayer GeAs Field-Effect Transistors

  • Weiqi Song,
  • Haosong Liu,
  • Feihu Zou,
  • Yize Niu,
  • Yue Zhao,
  • Yao Cong,
  • Yuanyuan Pan and
  • Qiang Li

27 November 2023

Owing to the tunable bandgap and high thermodynamic stability, anisotropic monolayer (ML) GeAs have arisen as an attractive candidate for electronic and optoelectronic applications. The contact properties of ML GeAs with 2D metal (graphene, Ti2CF2, V...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Citations
6,559 Views
21 Pages

23 October 2018

A simple, low-cost method was applied to prepare hybrid photocatalysts of copper (I) oxide/titania. Five different TiO2 powders were used to perform the study of the effect of titania matrix on the photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of prepa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
836 Views
24 Pages

11 September 2025

This study presents an integrated experimental and computational investigation into the thermal and hydraulic performance of three oxide-based nanofluids: aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and copper oxide (CuO) for advanced engine coo...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
22 Citations
6,829 Views
27 Pages

14 December 2020

Plasmonic photocatalysts combining metallic nanoparticles and semiconductors have been aimed as versatile alternatives to drive light-assisted catalytic chemical reactions beyond the ultraviolet (UV) regions, and overcome one of the major drawbacks o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,786 Views
11 Pages

Enhancing Efficiency of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells by Coinage Metal Doping of Cyanidin-Silver Trimer Hybrids at TiO2 Support Based on Theoretical Study

  • Margarita Bužančić Milosavljević,
  • Martina Perić Bakulić,
  • Željka Sanader Maršić,
  • Antonija Mravak and
  • Vlasta Bonačić-Koutecký

15 June 2024

Identification of a natural-based sensitizer with optimal stability and efficiency for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) application remains a challenging task. Previously, we proposed a new class of sensitizers based on bio-nano hybrids. These system...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,194 Views
12 Pages

18 December 2023

The protection of implant surfaces from biofilm and corrosion is crucial for osteogenesis and tissue engineering. To this end, an L-glutamine-based green corrosion inhibitor with recently established anticancer properties has been applied onto antiba...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
3,085 Views
19 Pages

17 July 2023

A hybrid tin-based (GA0.2FA0.78SnI3-1% EDAI2) perovskite solar cell (PSC) with a p-i-n inverted structure has been reported to pass all the rigorous standard tests successfully and achieve a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.3%. Our pr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
64 Citations
6,517 Views
31 Pages

29 July 2020

Nowadays, the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at trace levels (down to ppb) is feasible by exploiting ultra-sensitive and highly selective chemoresistors, especially in the field of medical diagnosis. By coupling metal oxide semiconduc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
452 Views
17 Pages

26 November 2025

This work reports on the effects of surface pre-treatment and EPD process parameters on the nanomechanical and adhesive performance of chitosan-based composite coatings fabricated on a Ti13Zr13Nb alloy. Three different coating systems were prepared:...

  • Article
  • Open Access
96 Citations
2,868 Views
22 Pages

26 October 2022

The main theme of the present study is to analyze numerically the effects of the magnetic field on the hybrid nanofluid flow over a flat elastic surface. The effects of the thermal and velocity slips are also analyzed in view of the hybrid nanofluid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
127 Citations
5,428 Views
17 Pages

29 January 2022

The current study uses the multi-physics COMSOL software and the Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model with a porosity of ε = 0.4 to conduct a numerical study on heat transfer by Cu-TiO2/EG hybrid nano-fluid inside a porous annulus bet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,505 Views
14 Pages

Simulation, Structural, Thermal and Mechanical Properties of the FeTiTaVW High Entropy Alloy

  • Ricardo Martins,
  • António Pereira Gonçalves,
  • José Brito Correia,
  • Andrei Galatanu,
  • Eduardo Alves,
  • Elena Tejado,
  • José Ygnacio Pastor and
  • Marta Dias

8 April 2024

Developing new materials to be applied in extreme environments is an opportunity and a challenge for the future. High entropy alloys are new materials that seem promising approaches to work in nuclear fusion reactors. In this work, FeTaTiVW high entr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
7,963 Views
31 Pages

Advancements and Prospects in Perovskite Solar Cells: From Hybrid to All-Inorganic Materials

  • Fernando Velcic Maziviero,
  • Dulce M. A. Melo,
  • Rodolfo L. B. A. Medeiros,
  • Ângelo A. S. Oliveira,
  • Heloísa P. Macedo,
  • Renata M. Braga and
  • Edisson Morgado

8 February 2024

Hybrid perovskites, materials composed of metals and organic substances in their structure, have emerged as potential materials for the new generation of photovoltaic cells due to a unique combination of optical, excitonic and electrical properties....

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,530 Views
16 Pages

25 February 2022

A sustainable nexus between renewable energy production and plastic abatement is imperative for overall sustainable development. In this regard, this study aims to develop a cheaper and environmentally friendly nexus between plastic waste management,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,058 Views
16 Pages

Controlled Synthesis of Au Nanocrystals-Metal Selenide Hybrid Nanostructures toward Plasmon-Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Energy Conversion

  • Ling Tang,
  • Shan Liang,
  • Jian-Bo Li,
  • Dou Zhang,
  • Wen-Bo Chen,
  • Zhong-Jian Yang,
  • Si Xiao and
  • Qu-Quan Wang

20 March 2020

A simple method for the controllable synthesis of Au nanocrystals–metal selenide hybrid nanostructures via amino acid guiding strategy is proposed. The results show that the symmetric overgrowth mode of PbSe shells on Au nanorods can be precisely man...

  • Review
  • Open Access
54 Citations
6,382 Views
17 Pages

Today, there is an increasing interest in improving the physicochemical properties of polymeric membranes by merging the membranes with different inorganic materials. These so-called composite membranes have been implemented in different membrane-bas...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,702 Views
14 Pages

13 February 2024

This article aims to explore the impact of HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) values on two key properties, namely the thermoelectric conductivities and the stability of the suspension, of a hybrid nanofluid composed of TiO2 and CuO nanoparticles. Th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
730 Views
16 Pages

EMHD Flow and Heat Transfer of a Nanofluid Layer and a Hybrid Nanofluid Layer in a Horizontal Channel with Porous Medium

  • Milica D. Nikodijević Đorđević,
  • Jelena D. Petrović,
  • Miloš M. Kocić,
  • Živojin M. Stamenković and
  • Dragiša D. Nikodijević

18 September 2025

In this paper, the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow and heat transfer of a fluid are analytically investigated. The flow and heat transfer occur in a horizontal channel filled with a porous medium, where the permeabilities of the upper and lowe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,187 Views
18 Pages

Applicability of Extreme Vertices Design in the Compositional Optimization of 3D-Printed Lightweight High-Entropy-Alloy/B4C/ZrO2/Titanium Trihybrid Aero-Composite

  • Abayomi Adewale Akinwande,
  • Dimitry Moskovskikh,
  • Elena Romanovskaia,
  • Oluwatosin Abiodun Balogun,
  • J. Pradeep Kumar and
  • Valentin Romanovski

Recent studies have shown the benefits of utilizing ceramic particles as reinforcement in metal alloys; nevertheless, certain drawbacks, including loss of ductility, embrittlement, and decreases in toughness, have been noted. For the objective of obt...

  • Abstract
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,327 Views
2 Pages

Efficient Screening of Hybrid Nanomaterials for Optimizing Chemical Sensor Devices

  • Larissa Egger,
  • Lisbeth Reiner,
  • Florentyna Sosada-Ludwikowska,
  • Anton Köck,
  • Jan Steffen Niehaus,
  • Sören Becker,
  • Öznur Tokmak,
  • Hendrik Schlicke,
  • Alexander Blümel and
  • Martin Tscherner
  • + 1 author

Chemical sensors based on metal oxides (MOx) are one of the most promising gas sensing devices due to their high sensitivity to numerous gases, fast response, miniaturization, and simple production. The detection principle of these sensors is a condu...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,148 Views
17 Pages

Fabrication and Properties of Hard Coatings by a Hybrid PVD Method

  • Rui Zhang,
  • Qimin Wang,
  • Yuxiang Xu,
  • Lisheng Li and
  • Kwang Ho Kim

1 September 2025

By integrating cathodic arc evaporation (CAE) with magnetron sputtering (MS) or high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), hard coatings with diverse multicomponent compositions can be fabricated. Depending on the deposition conditions, the co...

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