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108 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
12,723 Views
18 Pages

The traditional CAPM beta is almost exclusively calculated over a return period that spans a window length of 60-months, at one-month return frequencies. It is one of the most utilized models in the asset management industry to assess systematic risk...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical and Empirical Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,099 Views
21 Pages

Goodness-of-Fit versus Significance: A CAPM Selection with Dynamic Betas Applied to the Brazilian Stock Market

  • André Ricardo de Pinho Ronzani,
  • Osvaldo Candido and
  • Wilfredo Fernando Leiva Maldonado

In this work, a Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) with time-varying betas is considered. These betas evolve over time, conditional on financial and non-financial variables. Indeed, the model proposed by Adrian and Franzoni (2009) is adapted to asses...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,087 Views
15 Pages

Contribution to the Valuation of BRVM’s Assets: A Conditional CAPM Approach

  • Mamadou Cisse,
  • Mamadou Konte,
  • Mohamed Toure and
  • Smael Afolabi Assani

The conditional capital asset pricing model (CAPM) theory postulates that the systematic risk ( β ) of an asset or portfolio varies over time. Several dynamics are thus given to systematic risk in the literature. This article looks for the dynami...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stock Market Volatility Modelling and Forecasting)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
13,303 Views
18 Pages

This study comparatively evaluated the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), the Fama and French three-factor model (FF3), and the Fama and French five-factor model (FF5) in key US market sectors (finance, energy, and utilities). The goals were to opti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
9,598 Views
19 Pages

This study empirically tests and compares the performances of three famous financial asset valuation models in the Moroccan stock exchange: CAPM, the Fama and French three-factor model, and the Fama and French five-factor model. Our sample considers...

  • Article
  • Open Access
929 Views
30 Pages

The cryptocurrency market is characterized by high volatility and strong systematic co-movements among assets, posing significant challenges for conventional statistical arbitrage strategies. Effective pair trading in this environment requires the id...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractal Structures and Multiscale Dynamics in Financial Markets)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,331 Views
20 Pages

Assessing Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity (RES-E) Potential Using a CAPM-Analogous Multi-Stage Model

  • Paulino Martinez-Fernandez,
  • Fernando deLlano-Paz,
  • Anxo Calvo-Silvosa and
  • Isabel Soares

20 September 2019

Carbon mitigation is a major aim of the power-generation regulation. Renewable energy sources for electricity are essential to design a future low-carbon mix. In this work, financial Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) is implemented to optimize the power-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Opportunities for the Renewable Energy Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
8,517 Views
22 Pages

15 July 2021

Students considering a masters in Finance Engineering or Artificial Intelligence in Finance are usually required to have an undergraduate background in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM). STEM students have a good capacity in mat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical and Statistical Methods Applications in Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,410 Views
17 Pages

Black–Litterman Portfolio Optimization with Dynamic CAPM via ABC-MCMC

  • Sebastián Flández,
  • Rolando Rubilar-Torrealba,
  • Karime Chahuán-Jiménez,
  • Hanns de la Fuente-Mella and
  • Claudio Elórtegui-Gómez

12 October 2025

The present research proposes a methodology for portfolio construction that integrates the Black–Litterman model with expected returns generated through simulations under dynamic Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) with conditional betas, estima...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Applied Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,637 Views
20 Pages

28 December 2024

The objective of this work is to develop a qualitative new approach to assessing business and company value. For this purpose, two of the three income approach methods, CAPM and WACC, are modified. When modifying CAPM, a new model, CAPM 2.0, was crea...

(This article belongs to the Section E5: Financial Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
15,991 Views
15 Pages

The Six Decades of the Capital Asset Pricing Model: A Research Agenda

  • Santosh Kumar,
  • Ankit Kumar,
  • Kamred Udham Singh and
  • Sujit Kumar Patra

This paper re-examines the presence of the Sharpe–Treynor–Lintner–Mossin capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in the finance literature and is accompanied by a bibliometric summary analysis. The popular model is in its sixth decade; w...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Featured Papers in Mathematics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,729 Views
20 Pages

2 September 2023

This paper introduces an instrumental variable Bayesian shrinkage approach specifically designed for estimating the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) while utilizing a large number of instruments. Our methodology incorporates horseshoe, Laplace, and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bayesian Statistics and Causal Inference)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,145 Views
24 Pages

21 November 2020

Using stock return data for the Japanese equity market, for the period from July 1983 to June 2018, we analyze the effect of major nuclear disasters worldwide on Japanese discount rates. For that purpose, we compare the performance of the capital ass...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Quantitative Methods in Modelling Sustainability in Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,809 Views
27 Pages

13 March 2023

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is often based on the Gaussianity or normality assumption. However, such an assumption is frequently violated in practical situations. In this paper, we introduce the symmetric CAPM considering distributions wit...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Applied Mathematics)
  • Entry
  • Open Access
16 Citations
35,879 Views
19 Pages

3 September 2021

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is an influential paradigm in financial risk management. It formalizes mean-variance optimization of a risky portfolio given the presence of a risk-free investment such as short-term government bonds. The CAPM d...

(This article belongs to the Collection Encyclopedia of Social Sciences)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,676 Views
21 Pages

Capital Asset Pricing Model and Ordered Weighted Average Operator for Selecting Investment Portfolios

  • Cristhian R. Uzeta-Obregon,
  • Tanya S. Garcia-Gastelum,
  • Pavel A. Alvarez,
  • Cristhian Mellado-Cid and ,
  • Fabio Blanco-Mesa and
  • Ernesto Leon-Castro
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

25 September 2024

The main objective of this article is to present the formulation of a Capital Asset Pricing Model ordered weighted average CAPMOWAand its extensions, called CAPM-induced OWA (CAPMIOWA), CAPM Bonferroni OWA (CAPMBon-OWA), and CAPM Bonferroni-induced O...

(This article belongs to the Section Algebra and Number Theory)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
6,281 Views
12 Pages

Systematic Risk at the Industry Level: A Case Study of Australia

  • Thang Cong Nguyen,
  • Tan Ngoc Vu,
  • Duc Hong Vo and
  • Michael McAleer

13 April 2020

The cornerstone of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) lies with its beta. The question of whether or not beta is dead has attracted great attention from academics and practitioners in the last 50 years or so, and the debate is still ongoing. Many...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measuring and Modelling Financial Risk and Derivatives)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
6,655 Views
14 Pages

Understanding risk-adjusted returns in real estate investment are crucial, but little is known about the risk-adjusted returns for direct real estate. This paper examines risk-adjusted total returns by developing an extended capital asset pricing mod...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Markets)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,024 Views
16 Pages

29 February 2024

Expected returns, variances, betas, and alphas are all non-linear functions of the investment horizon. This seems to be a fatal conceptual problem for the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which assumes a unique common horizon for all investors. We...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optimal Investment and Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,766 Views
26 Pages

Corporate credit ratings remove the information asymmetry between lenders and borrowers to find an equilibrium price. Structured finance ratings, however, are informationally insufficient because the systematic risk of equally rated assets can vary s...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
7,552 Views
17 Pages

Why Are Warrant Markets Sustained in Taiwan but Not in China?

  • Wing-Keung Wong,
  • Hooi Hooi Lean,
  • Michael McAleer and
  • Feng-Tse Tsai

17 October 2018

This paper uses moment analysis, capital asset pricing model (CAPM) statistics, stochastic dominance (SD) test, and volume analysis to investigating why the market for Taiwan warrants can be sustained but not in China. Our moment analysis shows that...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainability of the Theories Developed by Mathematical Finance and Mathematical Economics with Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
13,543 Views
19 Pages

This study is intended as a note and provides an extension to a much-used and established test for portfolio efficiency, the Gibbons, Ross, and Shanken GRS-Wald test. Tests devised to measure portfolio efficiency are crucial to the theoretical issues...

(This article belongs to the Section E5: Financial Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,963 Views
16 Pages

Downside Risk-Based Six-Factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM): A New Paradigm in Asset Pricing

  • Usman Ayub,
  • Samaila Kausar,
  • Umara Noreen,
  • Muhammad Zakaria and
  • Imran Abbas Jadoon

20 August 2020

The importance of downside risk cannot be denied. In this study, we have replaced beta in the five-factor model of using downside beta and have added a momentum factor to suggest a new six-factor downside beta capital asset pricing model (CAPM). Two...

(This article belongs to the Section Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
15,806 Views
22 Pages

Timor-Leste is a new country still in the process of economic development and does not yet have a capital market for stock and bond investments. These two asset classes have been invested in international capital markets such as the US, the UK, Japan...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Featured Papers in Mathematics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,116 Views
25 Pages

Downside-Sensitive Portfolio Optimization and Risk Overlays for Real Estate Securities

  • Dilmi C. W. Hettiachchi-Halpe-Kankanamalage,
  • Abootaleb Shirvani,
  • Nicholas Appiah,
  • Svetlozar T. Rachev and ,
  • W. Brent Lindquist and
  • Frank J. Fabozzi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

We employ an empirical framework for real estate securities that incorporates portfolio optimization, return distribution tail diagnostics, risk metrics, modeling of long-range dependence in return volatility, regression against benchmark indices, an...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
337 Views
18 Pages

We propose a two-factor Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which includes two separate factors for the market capital gains and the market dividend yield. We find that the dividend yield factor carries a significant negative premium in the post-1978...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Behavioral Factors and Risk-Taking in Financial Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
5,876 Views
32 Pages

Real Economy Effects on Consumption-Based CAPM

  • Dandan Zheng,
  • Shusheng Ding,
  • Tianxiang Cui and
  • Huan Jin

25 January 2022

The consumption-based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM) is an attractive research field in finance, and extant studies have examined the impacts of different factors towards traditional CCAPM, intending to improve the model from the practical persp...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Mathematical Methods in Financial Economics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,810 Views
28 Pages

Persistence in the Realized Betas: Some Evidence from the Stock Market

  • Guglielmo Maria Caporale,
  • Luis A. Gil-Alana and
  • Miguel Martin-Valmayor

This paper examines the stochastic behaviour of the realized betas in the CAPM model for the ten largest companies in terms of market capitalisation included in the U.S. Dow Jones stock market index. Fractional integration methods are applied to esti...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,427 Views
26 Pages

ESG as a Booster for Logistics Stock Returns—Evidence from the US Stock Market

  • Maria Rodionova,
  • Angi Skhvediani and
  • Tatiana Kudryavtseva

28 September 2022

This article investigates the connection between US logistics companies’ commitment to environmental, social and fair governance (ESG) strategy and their performance on the US stock market during the 2007–2022 period. The research conside...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Logistics and Sustainable Economy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,254 Views
23 Pages

Further Tests of the ZCAPM Asset Pricing Model

  • James W. Kolari,
  • Jianhua Z. Huang,
  • Wei Liu and
  • Huiling Liao

In a recent book, Kolari et al. developed a new theoretical capital asset pricing model dubbed the ZCAPM. Based on out-of-sample cross-sectional tests using U.S. stocks, the ZCAPM consistently outperformed well-known multifactor models popular in the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontiers of Asset Pricing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,158 Views
15 Pages

In this paper, we explore the connection between a single index model under the real-world probability measure and martingale pricing via minimal relative entropy or Esscher transform, within the context of a one-period market model, possibly incompl...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
9,152 Views
14 Pages

In this article, we test the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WSE) by measuring the performance of two portfolios composed of construction firms: family-controlled and nonfamily controlled. These portfolios were select...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Performance and Behavior of Family Firms)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,493 Views
12 Pages

Quantification of Expected Return of Investment in Wood Processing Sectors in Slovakia

  • Martina Kánová,
  • Josef Drábek,
  • Petar Ćurić and
  • Andreja Pirc Barčić

29 December 2023

The study focuses on the selected aspects of investment measurement and management for the support of financial and economic decision-making of investors in wood-processing sectors. The aim of the study was to analyze the indicators for the structure...

(This article belongs to the Section Forest Economics, Policy, and Social Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,633 Views
17 Pages

21 November 2025

In this research, we summarize the results of implementing the market risk premium into the option valuation formulas of the Black–Scholes–Merton model for out-of-the-money (OTM) options. We show that derivative prices can partly depend o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
8,977 Views
13 Pages

The Intrinsic Value of an Enterprise Determined by Means of the FCFE Tool

  • Veronika Jezkova,
  • Zuzana Rowland,
  • Veronika Machova and
  • Jan Hejda

26 October 2020

This paper deals with the determination of the intrinsic value of the company Seznam.cz, a.s. using discounted cash flow. Specifically, it is concerned with determining the value of the business from the perspective of the company’s shareholder...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Company Assessment: Basis of Its Sustainable Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
8,009 Views
17 Pages

1 August 2025

Value-at-Risk (VaR) is a key metric widely applied in market risk assessment and regulatory compliance under the Basel III framework. This study compares two Monte Carlo-based VaR models using publicly available equity data: a return-based model cali...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,674 Views
19 Pages

15 December 2024

Computing optimal-solution sets has long been a topic in multiple-objective optimization. Despite substantial progress, there are still research limitations in the multiple-objective portfolio optimization area. The optimal-solution sets’ struc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Models and Applications in Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,200 Views
27 Pages

Sustainable Investing Model for Decision Makers (Based On Research of Manufacturing Industry in the Czech Republic)

  • Alena Kocmanová,
  • Marie Pavláková Dočekalová,
  • Tomáš Meluzín and
  • Stanislav Škapa

10 October 2020

Sustainable investing is an investment approach in line with the values of sustainable development and compliance with environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) criteria. The aim of the article is to propose a sustainable investing model...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability in Geographic Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
8,886 Views
13 Pages

The study adds an empirical outlook on the predicting power of using data from the future to predict future returns. The crux of the traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) methodology is using historical data in the calculation of the beta co...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
9,560 Views
18 Pages

29 September 2021

Assessing the riskiness of investments in civil works is an integral part of the decision-making process. The main limitation is the absence, both in the regulatory landscape and in the literature of the sector, of threshold values that can guide the...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,770 Views
13 Pages

Carry Trade and Capital Market Returns in South Africa

  • Lumengo Bonga-Bonga and
  • Sefora Motena Rangoanana

This paper assesses the extent to which carry trade operations affect the performance of equity and bond markets in a target country, South Africa, by considering the US and the euro area as the funding countries. A two- and three-factor capital asse...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Development and Economic Growth)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
6,197 Views
22 Pages

22 July 2023

Low-risk pricing anomalies, characterized by lower returns in higher-risk stocks, are prevalent in equity markets and challenge traditional asset pricing theory. Previous studies primarily relied on linear regression methods, which analyze a limited...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning and Statistical Modeling with Applications in Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,877 Views
29 Pages

This paper presents a comprehensive spatiotemporal decomposition of equity returns for nine top-weighted constituents of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) over a twenty-year period spanning January 2004 through December 2023, encompassing 5033...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,476 Views
21 Pages

Project Portfolio Selection of Solar Energy by Photovoltaic Generation Using Gini-CAPM Multi-Criteria and Considering ROI Covariations

  • José Claudio Isaias,
  • Pedro Paulo Balestrassi,
  • Guilherme Augusto Barucke Marcondes,
  • Wesley Vieira da Silva and ,
  • Carlos Henrique Pereira Mello and
  • Claudimar Pereira da Veiga
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

12 December 2021

For some time, renewable solar energy generations using cellular photovoltaic panels have stood out among the options, especially in the segment of micro and small companies, where the return on investment is usually higher. In this context, when mic...

(This article belongs to the Section C: Energy Economics and Policy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,412 Views
22 Pages

30 June 2020

Recent literature shows that many testing procedures used to evaluate asset pricing models result in spurious rejection probabilities. Model misspecification, the strong factor structure of test assets, or skewed test statistics largely explain this....

(This article belongs to the Section Multidisciplinary Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,508 Views
21 Pages

Accounting and Market Risk Measures of Polish Energy Companies

  • Anna Rutkowska-Ziarko and
  • Lesław Markowski

15 March 2022

Companies in the energy sector, due to their important role in the economy and the specificity of energy sources, are exposed to many types of risk, ranging from the risk associated with the company’s operations and the global economic and poli...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Managing Energy Sector Enterprises: Challenges, Methods and Research Trends)
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
3,620 Views
46 Pages

In the last decade, many factors, such as socio-political and econo-environmental ones, have led to a perturbation in the timeline of the worldwide development, and especially in countries and regions having political changes. This led us to introduc...

(This article belongs to the Section General Mathematics, Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,821 Views
14 Pages

26 December 2024

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is a foundational asset pricing model that is widely applied and holds particular significance in the globally influential Chinese stock market. This study focuses on the banking sector, enhancing the performanc...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Models and Applications in Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,899 Views
14 Pages

Downside Beta and Downside Gamma: In Search for a Better Capital Asset Pricing Model

  • Madiha Kazmi,
  • Umara Noreen,
  • Imran Abbas Jadoon and
  • Attayah Shafique

6 December 2021

In the financial world, the importance of “downside risk” and “higher moments” has been emphasized, predominantly in developing countries such as Pakistan, for a substantial period. Consequently, this study tests four models f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,823 Views
21 Pages

10 January 2020

The contract administration process is inevitably complex, and improper performance of the associated tasks and procedures may lead to disputes between the contracting parties whilst further driving against the sustainability bottom lines. Therefore,...

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