Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common and feared complication of radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer. Recently, tissue engineering for post-prostatectomy ED has been attempted in which controlled interactions between cells, growth factors,...
Aims/hypothesis: Hypoxia and oxidative stress have been implicated in both metabolic syndrome and COVID-19-associated dysglycaemia, yet it remains unclear whether shared or distinct mechanisms underlie β-cell dysfunction across these conditions....
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major problem for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia is one of the main drivers for both metabolic diseases. In this review, the major pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms of β-...
The development and use of nanomaterials, especially of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs), is expected to provide many benefits but also has raised concerns about the potential human health risks. Inhaled NPs are known to exert deleterious cardiova...
Effective therapies for erectile dysfunction (ED) associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) are needed. In this study, the effects of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)-expressing engineered mesenchymal stem cells (SDF-1 eMSCs) and the relevant mecha...
Background: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), a novel term for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), is associated with liver mitochondrial dysfunction. We previously demonstrated that mitochondrial respiratory ca...
The decline in cardiac contractility due to damage or loss of cardiomyocytes is intensified by changes in the extracellular matrix leading to heart remodeling. An excessive matrix response in the ischemic cardiomyopathy may contribute to the elevated...
Background: The immune mechanisms occurring during acute rejection (AR) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction are a challenge for research and the balance between effector and regulatory cells has not been defined completely. In this study, we aimed...
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of autologous dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy on clinical outcomes (glomerular filtration rate/GFR and urine creatinine albumin ratio/UACR) and endothelial dysfunction (ICAM, VCAM, VEGF) in patients with dia...
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC), known for their role as killers of stressed, cancerous, and virally infected cells. Beyond this cytotoxic function, NK cell subsets can influence broader immune responses th...
Earlier studies have reported that elevated protein levels in the aqueous humor (AH) are associated with corneal endothelial cell dysfunction (CECD), but the details of the underlying mechanism as well as specific biomarkers for CECD remain elusive....
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a widespread condition with a complex pathogenesis. Cell-based models are important tools for studying the mechanisms underlying its development and progression. The aim of this revi...
Obesity (OB) is a major healthcare problem that results from long-term energy imbalance. Adipokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines facilitate adipose tissue (AT) remodeling to safely store excess nutrients. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is a newly...
Background and Objectives: Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is increasingly used for erectile dysfunction (ED), but published human data are very limited and no study has related the cellular composition of the administered product to clinical outcome...
Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative procedure that is used in various hematological malignancies. However, among an increasing number of HSCT, the amount of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (...
Podocyte injury is a central pathological event in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but the mitochondrial regulatory mechanisms underlying podocyte dysfunction remain incompletely defined. We integrated single-nucleus RNA-seq data from human renal biop...
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with several lifestyle-related diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and it contributes significantly to the global health burden. Recent research indicates a link between cardiovascu...
Millions globally suffer from myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). The inflammatory symptoms, illness onset, recorded outbreak events, and physiological variations provide strong indications that ME/CFS, at least sometimes, ha...
We aimed to investigate the relationship between mast cell (MC) infiltration into the bladder with urothelial barrier dysfunction and bladder hyperactivity in a chronic bladder ischemia (CBI) rat model. We compared CBI rats (CBI group; n = 10) with n...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is driven by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. While Ras GTPases are known for oncogenic signaling, emerging evidence implicates the Ras–Ral axis as a critical regulator of glucose homeostasis. This...
Injury to corpus cavernosal endothelial cells (CCECs) is an important pathological basis of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED), while low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been shown to improve erectile function in DMED. To f...
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and osteoporosis (OP) are epidemiologically linked, but shared cell-type-specific molecular features remain unclear. We integrated public single-cell/single-nucleus transcriptomic datas...
Mitochondria are major organelles that play various roles in cells, and mitochondrial dysfunction is the main cause of numerous diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction also occurs in many cancer cells, and these changes are known to affect malignancy. Th...
Background/Objectives: Integrating transcriptomic evidence across organs is limited by heterogeneity between cohorts, so reproducible cross-organ signals are usually reported as gene lists rather than as validated candidates. We therefore developed a...
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a disorder that affects the quality of life and the sexual relations of more than half of the male population aged over 40 years. The prediction regarding the incidence of ED is devastating as it is expected that this dis...
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a key regulator of calcium, phosphate and vitamin D metabolism. Although it has been reported that aortic valve calcification was positively associated with PTH, the pathophysiological mechanisms and the direct effects of...
To investigate the anti-diabetic properties of chebulic acid (CA) associated with the prevention of methyl glyoxal (MG)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells, INS-1 cells were pre-treated with CA (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 μM)...
Lower urinary tract dysfunction often requires tissue repair or replacement to restore physiological functions. Current clinical treatments involving autologous tissues or synthetic materials inevitably bring in situ complications and immune rejectio...
Several studies indicate that the PI3K/PTEN/AKT signaling pathways are critical regulators of ovarian function including the formation of the germ cell precursors, termed primordial germ cells, and the follicular pool maintenance. This article review...
Astaxanthin, originating from seafood, is a naturally occurring red carotenoid pigment. Previous studies have focused on its antioxidant properties; however, whether astaxanthin possesses a desired anti-inflammatory characteristic to regulate the den...
We have previously demonstrated mitochondrial dysfunction in aging CD4 T cells from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-controlled people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the underlying mechanisms by which CD4 T cells develop mitochondrial dysfunction in PL...
The main cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) is the damage in penile cavernous endothelial cells (EC). Murine primary ECs have a limited growth potential, and the easy availability of murine ECs will facilitate the study of cavernous endothelial dysfu...
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection leads to gastric inflammation, peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma. H. pylori activates NADPH oxidase and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce NF-κB activation and IL-8 expression in gas...
Hyperglycemia is closely associated with prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Hyperglycemia increases the risk of vascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, peripheral vascular disease and cerebro/cardiovascular d...
As in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies cellular dysfunction often precedes cell death, the assessment of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function represents a key outcome measure for neuroprotective strategies aimed at targeting distressed but still...
The pancreatic beta cell is a highly specialized cell type whose primary function is to secrete insulin in response to nutrients to maintain glucose homeostasis in the body. As such, the beta cell has developed unique metabolic characteristics to ach...
Sepsis is recognized as a syndrome of systemic inflammatory reaction induced by dysregulation of the body’s immunity against infection. The multiple organ dysfunction associated with sepsis is a serious threat to the patient’s life. Endot...
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by the swelling of multiple joints, pain and stiffness, and accelerated atherosclerosis. Sustained immune response and chronic inflammation, which characterize RA, m...
Endothelial dysfunction is an early event in the development of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by impaired barrier function, inflammatory activation of endothelial cells (ECs), and alterations in lipid metabolism. In addition to typical...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease that mostly affects small and large synovial joints. At the molecular level, RA is characterized by a profoundly defective innate and adaptive immune response that resul...
Background: The current treatment of Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is mainly based on the use of drugs that provide erections shortly after use but they do not really treat the problem. Stem cell therapy is a novel treatment with regenerative properties...
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides within hepatocytes, which can progress to more severe conditions, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated s...
HIV-associated cognitive dysfunction during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) involves mitochondrial dysfunction, but the impact of contemporary cART on chronic metabolic changes in the brain and in latent HIV infection is unclear. We interro...
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorders are extremely heterogeneous conditions. Their clinical and genetic variability makes the identification of reliable and specific biomarkers very challenging. Until now, only a few studies have focused...
Visual impairment and blindness are often caused by retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We aimed to characterize a new model of I/R in pigs, in which the intraocular pathways were not manipulated by invasive methods on the ocular system. After...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is currently the third leading cause of malignancy-related mortalities worldwide. Natural killer (NK) cells are involved in the critical role of first line immunological defense against cancer development. Defects in NK...
Chronological age tells us how long a person has lived—but not how well. Two individuals of the same age can differ dramatically in their cellular health, disease risk, and functional capacity. This gap between calendar age and biological age h...
Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are frequently associated conditions characterized by low-grade inflammation. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) strategies are commonly used to simultaneously obtain w...
To date, type 2 diabetes is considered to be a “bi-hormonal disorder” rather than an “insulin-centric disorder,” suggesting that glucagon is as important as insulin. Although glucagon increases hepatic glucose production and b...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex multifactorial disease of epidemic proportions. It involves genetic and lifestyle factors that lead to dysregulations in hormone secretion and metabolic homeostasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that altered m...
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