On the Loess Plateau of China, the number of projects involving the excavation of mountains and the filling of valleys to create new land is rising. The loess excavated from the mountain is directly used as building material. After being filled into...
In order to fabricate three-dimensional metal microstructures, a combined machining process based on 3D printing technology and electroforming technology is proposed. Firstly, a substrate with microstructures is fabricated by 3D printing technology,...
In the intricate process of maskless localized electrodeposition (MLED) for fabricating three-dimensional microstructures, specifically nickel micro-columns with an aspect ratio of 7:1, magnetic fields of defined strength were employed, oriented both...
A comprehensive overview of PowderMEMS—a novel back-end-of-line-compatible microfabrication technology—is presented in this paper. The PowderMEMS process solidifies micron-sized particles via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to create three-...
This protocol provides insights into the rapid, low-cost, and largescale fabrication of polymer microfluidic chips containing three-dimensional microstructures used in point-of-care devices for applications such as detection of pathogens via molecula...
The measurement of the apparent contact angle on structured surfaces is much more difficult to obtain than on smooth surfaces because the pinning of liquid to the roughness has a tremendous influence on the three phase contact line. The results prese...
A serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) system, composed of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an ultra-microtome installed within the SEM vacuum chamber, has been used to characterize the three-dimensional (3D) microstructure...
Owing to the increasing use of permeable pavement, there is a growing need for studies that can improve its design and durability. One of the most important factors that can reduce the functionality of permeable pavement is the clogging issue. Field...
An excimer laser three-dimensional (3D) micromachining system is proposed based on a mask image projection method and the optical diffraction effect. The effects of optical diffraction on the laser machining rate are evaluated using a hole-arrayed ma...
This work experimentally studies the mechanical properties and microstructure of cementitious composites reinforced with a three-dimensional graphene–carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid. Firstly, the graphene–CNT (GC) hybrid is dispersed in ceme...
Femtosecond ultrafast-laser micro-patterning was employed to prepare a three-dimensional (3D) structure for the tape-casting Ni-rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode. The influences of laser structuring on the electrochemical performance of NMC81...
In this research, a fully three-dimensional, multiphase, microstructure-scale heterogeneous (non-continuous) electrode, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stack model is implemented in order to assess the impact of homogeneity disturbance in an SOFC anode....
In this study, the effects of beam diameter and hatch spacing between the scanning paths on the bendability and microstructural behavior of an AISI 316 stainless-steel sheet in three-dimensional laser forming were investigated. The strain on the heat...
In the current study, the effects of steam blanching, saline immersion, and ultrasound pretreatment on the drying time, three-dimensional (3D) appearance, quality characteristics, and microstructure of potato slices were investigated. All the pretrea...
To understand the microstructure evolution of hydrogels swollen in seawater, freeze-drying technology was used to fix and preserve the swollen three-dimensional microstructure. By this method, we revealed the swelling behavior of hydrogels in seawate...
This study investigated the effects of different drying methods on the drying characteristics, three-dimensional (3D) appearance, color, total polysaccharide content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and microstructure of Pleurotus eryngii slices. The dry...
Three-dimensional (3D) microstructures have been exploited in various applications of microfluidic devices. Multilevel structures in micromixers are among the essential structures in microfluidic devices that exploit 3D microstructures for different...
In this work, a three-dimensional microstructure-scale model of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell’s Positive-Electrolyte-Negative assembly is applied for the purpose of investigating the impact of decreasing the electrolyte thickness on the magnitude, an...
Carbon-based composite materials, denoted as C/C composites and possessing high thermal conductivity, were synthesized utilizing a three-dimensional (3D) preform methodology. This involved the orthogonal weaving of mesophase pitch-based fibers in an...
Finite element analysis was conducted on a thermally-aged cast duplex stainless steel based on the true three-dimensional (3D) microstructure obtained from X-ray microtomography experiments and using the constitutive behavior of each individual phase...
In this research, we investigate the connection between an observed enhancement in solid oxide fuel cell stack performance and the evolution of the microstructure of its electrodes. A three dimensional, numerical model is applied to predict the porou...
The dimensions of microbumps in three-dimensional integration reach microscopic scales and thus necessitate a study of the multiscale microstructures in microbumps. Here, we present simulated mesoscale and atomic-scale microstructures of microbumps u...
The mechanical properties of (Ti, Nb)B/Ti2AlNb composites were expected to improve further by utilizing spark plasma sintering (SPS) and inducing the novel three-dimensional network architecture. In this study, (Ti, Nb)B/Ti2AlNb composites with the n...
Three-dimensional microstructures play a key role in the fabrication of flexible electronic products. However, the development of flexible electronics is limited in further applications due to low positioning accuracy, the complex process, and low pr...
Global regulations for emission reduction are continually becoming stricter, and conventional catalytic converters may be efficient in the future because of their low conversion efficiencies at cold-start. In this study, to overcome the performance l...
Three-dimensionally conformal porous microstructured fabrics (3CPMFs) are a new kind of modified fabrics with three-dimensionally conformal porous microstructures of introduced materials recently developed for wearable technology. They can effectivel...
Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) films have potential as oxygen barriers for, e.g., food packaging applications, but their use is limited by their hygroscopic characteristics. The three-dimensional microstructure of NFC films made of Pinus radiata (Ra...
As marine biofouling seriously affects the development and utilization of oceans, the antifouling technology of microstructured surface has become a research hotspot due to its green and environmentally friendly advantages. In the present research, t...
The occurrence of fractures has emerged as one of the most prevalent injuries in the human body. In bone reconstruction surgery, after the implantation of porous hydroxyapatite materials, there is an initial infiltration of body fluids into the porou...
In this paper, an assembled cantilever fiber touch trigger probe was developed for three-dimensional measurements of clear microstructures. The probe consists of a shaft assembled vertically to an optical fiber cantilever and a probing sphere located...
This paper presents a novel method for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) microstructures of cobalt–platinum (Co-Pt) permanent magnets using a localized electrochemical deposition (LECD) technique. The method involves the use of an electrolyte...
The formation of nanocrystalline structures in bulk metal materials is of great significance for both investigating the structural features of nanocrystalline materials and enhancing the value of bulk metal materials in engineering applications. Here...
Graphene oxide (GO) aerogels were discovered as lightweight, highly porous materials with exceptional mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. These properties make them suitable for a wide range of advanced applications. This paper discusses...
Asphalt pavement construction is a large-volume project, with the ability to recycle the industrial waste and reduce carbon emissions. Rubber-modified asphalt is a carbon-neutralized asphalt-based material, facilitating the recycling of waste rubber...
Microstructure is an important factor that affects the mechanical properties and service life of forgings. Through the full study of the formability of the material, the internal microstructure of the material can be effectively controlled. In order...
Silicon carbide (SiC) has high thermal conductivity and thermal stability; however, its high hardness and brittleness make the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) SiC microstructures—particularly those intended for thermal management of power...
This study provides a methodology for exploring the microstructural and mechanical properties of the Haynes®282® alloy produced via the Powder Bed Fusion-Electron Beam (PBF-EB) process. Employing 2D Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) dat...
Additive manufacturing (AM) methods like powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF-LB) enable complex geometry production. However, understanding and predicting the microstructural properties of AM parts remain challenging due to the inherent non-homog...
It is usual for computational efficiency to simulate growing alloy dendrites during solidification using a two-dimensional model. However, the fidelity of such simulations is to be questioned, since observations show that three-dimensional models lea...
Finding an ideal scaffold is always an important issue in the field of cartilage tissue engineering. Both decellularized extracellular matrix and silk fibroin have been used as natural biomaterials for tissue regeneration. In this study, a secondary...
Compared to traditional methods, three/four-dimensional (3D/4D) printing technologies allow rapid prototyping and mass customization, which are ideal for preparing nano/microstructures of soft polymer materials. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a biopolym...
This work presents the design and fabrication of microstructured hydrophobic surfaces via fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing with polylactic acid (PLA). Three geometric patterns—triangular-based prisms (TG), truncated pyramids (TP), a...
Linking the ferrite fraction in a dual-phase (DP) steel microstructure and its electromagnetic properties is critical in the effort to develop on-line measurement techniques for phase transformation using electromagnetic (EM) sensors. This paper deve...
Composite aerogels can include fibers, opacifiers and binders but are rarely designed and optimized to achieve the best thermal/mechanical efficiency. This paper proposes a three-dimensional X-ray tomography-based method for designing composites. Two...
Ti3C2Tx and Ti3C2Tx-NiO composites with three-dimensional (3D) porous networks were successfully fabricated via vacuum freeze-drying. The microstructure, absorption, and electrochemical properties of the developed composites were investigated. Nickel...
Femtosecond laser direct writing through two-photon polymerization has been widely used in precision fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures but is usually time consuming. In this article, we report the rapid fabrication of continuous surfac...
Digital core refers to the use of three-dimensional physical imaging equipment and mathematical modeling to image the internal microstructure of a core and the use of computers to study the connectivity and pore distribution of the core microstructur...
Chinese steamed bread (CSB) is a traditional food of the Chinese nation, and the preservation of its quality and freshness during storage is very important for its industrial production. Therefore, it is necessary to study the storage characteristics...
Recycled aluminium moves from downcycling towards the automotive sheet, structural castings and high-performance extrusions. The central constraint on closed-loop recycling is no longer the mere presence of impurities. It is the multiscale microstruc...
The ability to create complex three-dimensional microstructures has reached an unprecedented level of sophistication in the last 15 years. For the most part, this is the result of a steady development of the additive manufacturing technique named two...
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