Skip Content
You are currently on the new version of our website. Access the old version .

5,068 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,520 Views
17 Pages

Modeling and Analysis of a Composite Structure-Based Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Soft-Robotic Gripper

  • Ming Yu,
  • Wenwen Liu,
  • Jian Zhao,
  • Yanyan Hou,
  • Xuewu Hong and
  • Hongjie Zhang

27 June 2022

Soft pneumatic actuators are extensively used in soft robots, and their bending angles and kinematic rules at different pressures play a crucial role in practical applications. This investigation aims to model the bending angle and motion of a new ty...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,671 Views
26 Pages

Generalized Modeling of Soft-Capture Manipulator with Novel Soft-Contact Joints

  • Xiaodong Zhang,
  • Sheng Xu,
  • Chen Jia,
  • Gang Wang and
  • Ming Chu

24 March 2020

The space-borne manipulator has been playing an important part in docking tasks. Docking collision can easily lead to instability of both the manipulator and floating base. Aiming at the problem of soft capture, a novel soft-contact joint with dual w...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,941 Views
21 Pages

Mathematical Modeling of a Multi-Chamber Pneumatic Soft Actuator

  • Eduardo Miguel Sierra and
  • Jose Luis Ordoñez-Avila

5 August 2022

Owing to their compliance with most shapes, soft actuators are regarded as cost-effective solutions for grasping irregular objects. The material properties of nonlinear elastic polymers are considered necessary for the correct implementation of these...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,667 Views
18 Pages

Fuzzy GML Modeling Based on Vague Soft Sets

  • Bo Wei,
  • Qingqing Xie,
  • Yuanyuan Meng and
  • Yao Zou

The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Geography Markup Language (GML) explicitly represents geographical spatial knowledge in text mode. All kinds of fuzzy problems will inevitably be encountered in spatial knowledge expression. Especially for those e...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
866 Views
13 Pages

Soft data, such as seismic imagery, plays a critical role in subsurface modeling by providing indirect constraints away from hard data locations. However, validating whether subsurface model realizations honor this type of data remains a challenge du...

  • Article
  • Open Access
421 Views
21 Pages

25 November 2025

To address the issues of low model fitting accuracy and insufficient prediction capability caused by the multi-stage characteristics and batch-to-batch data distribution heterogeneity in the fermentation process of Pichia pastoris, this study propose...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,788 Views
17 Pages

Modeling Contact Stiffness of Soft Fingertips for Grasping Applications

  • Xiaolong Ma,
  • Lingfeng Chen,
  • Yanfeng Gao,
  • Daliang Liu and
  • Binrui Wang

Soft fingertips have distinct intrinsic features that allow robotic hands to offer adjustable and manageable stiffness for grasping. The stability of the grasp is determined by the contact stiffness between the soft fingertip and the object. Within t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
48 Citations
3,404 Views
24 Pages

Three-Dimensional Modeling of Heart Soft Tissue Motion

  • Mingzhe Liu,
  • Xuan Zhang,
  • Bo Yang,
  • Zhengtong Yin,
  • Shan Liu,
  • Lirong Yin and
  • Wenfeng Zheng

15 February 2023

The modeling and simulation of biological tissue is the core part of a virtual surgery system. In this study, the geometric and physical methods related to soft tissue modeling were investigated. Regarding geometric modeling, the problem of repeated...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,141 Views
33 Pages

Hysteresis Modeling of Soft Pneumatic Actuators: An Experimental Review

  • Jesús de la Morena,
  • Francisco Ramos and
  • Andrés S. Vázquez

27 June 2025

Hysteresis is a nonlinear phenomenon found in many physical systems, including soft viscoelastic actuators, where it poses significant challenges to their application and performance. Consequently, developing accurate hysteresis models is essential f...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,927 Views
28 Pages

The Applications of Soft Computing Methods for Seepage Modeling: A Review

  • Vahid Nourani,
  • Nazanin Behfar,
  • Dominika Dabrowska and
  • Yongqiang Zhang

1 December 2021

In recent times, significant research has been carried out into developing and applying soft computing techniques for modeling hydro-climatic processes such as seepage modeling. It is necessary to properly model seepage, which creates groundwater sou...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,773 Views
28 Pages

3D Soft-Landing Dynamic Theoretical Model of Legged Lander: Modeling and Analysis

  • Zhiyi Wang,
  • Chuanzhi Chen,
  • Jinbao Chen and
  • Guang Zheng

15 September 2023

In this paper, a novel 3D (three-dimensional) soft-landing dynamic theoretical model of a legged lander is developed in detail as well as its numerical solution process. The six degrees of freedom motion (6-DOF) of the base model of the lander with m...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
6,004 Views
33 Pages

Soft Computing Applications in Air Quality Modeling: Past, Present, and Future

  • Muhammad Muhitur Rahman,
  • Md Shafiullah,
  • Syed Masiur Rahman,
  • Abu Nasser Khondaker,
  • Abduljamiu Amao and
  • Md. Hasan Zahir

14 May 2020

Air quality models simulate the atmospheric environment systems and provide increased domain knowledge and reliable forecasting. They provide early warnings to the population and reduce the number of measuring stations. Due to the complexity and non-...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,406 Views
20 Pages

Dynamic Modeling of Underwater Snake Robot by Hybrid Rigid-Soft Actuation

  • Junhao Zhang,
  • Yinglong Chen,
  • Yi Liu and
  • Yongjun Gong

5 December 2022

For decades, underwater vehicles have been performing underwater operations, which are critical to the development and upgrading of underwater robots. With the advancement of technology, various types of robots have been developed. The underwater rob...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,716 Views
18 Pages

Modeling and Control of a Soft Robotic Arm Based on a Fractional Order Control Approach

  • Carlos Relaño,
  • Jorge Muñoz,
  • Concepción A. Monje,
  • Santiago Martínez and
  • Daniel González

Controlling soft robots is a significant challenge due to the nonlinear elastic nature of the soft materials that conform their structure. This paper studies the identification and control problems of a novel two-degrees-of-freedom, tendon-actuated,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
81 Citations
12,436 Views
14 Pages

The modeling of soft structures, actuators, and sensors is challenging, primarily due to the high nonlinearities involved in such soft robotic systems. Finite element modeling (FEM) is an effective technique to represent soft and deformable robotic s...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,168 Views
15 Pages

Hyperelastic Modeling and Validation of Hybrid-Actuated Soft Robot with Pressure-Stiffening

  • Majid Roshanfar,
  • Salar Taki,
  • Amir Sayadi,
  • Renzo Cecere,
  • Javad Dargahi and
  • Amir Hooshiar

22 April 2023

Soft robots have gained popularity, especially in intraluminal applications, because their soft bodies make them safer for surgical interventions than flexures with rigid backbones. This study investigates a pressure-regulating stiffness tendon-drive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,913 Views
16 Pages

An Integrated Method of Biomechanics Modeling for Pelvic Bone and Surrounding Soft Tissues

  • Wei Kou,
  • Yefeng Liang,
  • Zhixing Wang,
  • Qingxi Liang,
  • Lining Sun and
  • Shaolong Kuang

The pelvis and its surrounding soft tissues create a complicated mechanical environment that greatly affects the success of fixing broken pelvic bones with surgical navigation systems and/or surgical robots. However, the modeling of the pelvic struct...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,457 Views
12 Pages

Modeling and Fabrication of Soft Actuators Based on Fiber-Reinforced Elastomeric Enclosures

  • Zhi Chen,
  • Aicheng Zou,
  • Zhantian Qin,
  • Xingguo Han,
  • Tianming Li and
  • Shengkai Liu

9 June 2021

Unlike rigid actuators, soft actuators can easily adapt to complex environments. Understanding the relationship between the deformation of soft actuators and external factors such as pressure would enable rapid designs based on specific requirements,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
6,021 Views
13 Pages

Actuator and Contact Force Modeling of an Active Soft Brace for Scoliosis

  • Athar Ali,
  • Vigilio Fontanari,
  • Werner Schmoelz and
  • Marco Fontana

Scoliosis is an abnormality of the spinal curvature that severely affects the musculoskeletal, respiratory, and nervous systems. Conventionally, it is treated using rigid spinal braces. These braces are static, rigid, and passive in nature, and they...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,381 Views
17 Pages

Design, Optimization, and Modeling of a Hydraulic Soft Robot for Chronic Total Occlusions

  • Ling-Wu Meng,
  • Xiao-Liang Xie,
  • Xiao-Hu Zhou,
  • Shi-Qi Liu and
  • Zeng-Guang Hou

Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the most severe and sophisticated vascular stenosis because of complete blockage, greater operation difficulty, and lower procedural success rate. This study proposes a hydraulic-driven soft robot imitating the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,002 Views
14 Pages

Quasi-Static Modeling Framework for Soft Bellow-Based Biomimetic Actuators

  • Kelvin HoLam Heung,
  • Ting Lei,
  • Kaixin Liang,
  • Jiye Xu,
  • Joonoh Seo and
  • Heng Li

Soft robots that incorporate elastomeric matrices and flexible materials have gained attention for their unique capabilities, surpassing those of rigid robots, with increased degrees of freedom and movement. Research has highlighted the adaptability,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
900 Views
25 Pages

Optimization of Soft Actuator Geometry and Material Modeling Using Metaheuristic Algorithms

  • Mohamed Slim,
  • Nizar Rokbani,
  • Mohamed Ali Terres,
  • Eric Watelain and
  • Mohamed Moncef Ben Khelifa

27 October 2025

The geometry of soft actuators significantly impacts their performance, including force generation, range of motion, and adaptability. Optimizing actuator geometry and material properties under specific constraints is crucial for achieving desired pe...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,345 Views
20 Pages

Data-Based Modeling and Control of a Single Link Soft Robotic Arm

  • David Abraham Morales-Enríquez,
  • Jaime Guzmán-López,
  • Raúl Alejandro Aguilar-Ramírez,
  • Jorge Luis Lorenzo-Martínez,
  • Daniel Sapién-Garza,
  • Ricardo Cortez,
  • Norma Lozada-Castillo and
  • Alberto Luviano-Juárez

In this work, the position control of a cable-driven soft robot is proposed through the approximation of its kinematic model. This approximation is derived from artificial learning rules via neural networks and experimentally observed data. To improv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
926 Views
18 Pages

10 July 2025

Industrial production often involves complex time-varying operating conditions that result in continuous time-series production data. The traditional soft sensor approach has difficulty adjusting to such dynamic changes, which makes model performance...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,013 Views
17 Pages

14 April 2025

The emergence of soft robots provides new opportunities for developing phosphorite processing equipment. In this article, a soft pneumatic gripper (SPG) for gripping phosphorites is designed. On this basis, the dynamic modeling method and hysteresis...

  • Article
  • Open Access
279 Views
27 Pages

Modeling Soft Rehabilitation Actuators: Segmented PRB Formulations with FEM-Based Calibration

  • Tomislav Bazina,
  • David Liović,
  • Jelena Srnec Novak and
  • Ervin Kamenar

1 January 2026

Soft pneumatic glove actuators for hand rehabilitation require compact, accurate models that can be evaluated in real time. At the same time, high-fidelity finite element (FE) simulations are too slow for iterative design and control. We develop a fi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
708 Views
14 Pages

17 May 2025

The grabbing of phosphorite rocks is an important process in the mining industry. Traditional grabbing technology based on rigid robots faces challenges such as heavy weight, low flexibility, and insufficient safety. This study presents the structura...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,289 Views
19 Pages

Exploring Modeling Techniques for Soft Arms: A Survey on Numerical, Analytical, and Data-Driven Approaches

  • Shengkai Liu,
  • Hongfei Yu,
  • Ning Ding,
  • Xuchun He,
  • Hengli Liu and
  • Jun Zhang

Soft arms, characterized by their compliance and adaptability, have gained significant attention in applications ranging from industrial automation to biomedical fields. Modeling these systems presents unique challenges due to their high degrees of f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,787 Views
17 Pages

23 June 2016

Soft sensors are used for fault detection and prediction of the process variables in chemical processing units, for which the online measurement is difficult. The present study addresses soft sensor design and identification for deactivation of zeoli...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,909 Views
19 Pages

Soft continuum robots, inspired by the adaptability and agility of natural soft-bodied organisms like octopuses and elephant trunks, present a frontier in robotics research. However, exploiting their full potential necessitates precise modeling and c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
2,329 Views
15 Pages

16 June 2024

With the ongoing advancements in material technology, the domain of soft robotics has garnered increasing attention. Soft robots, in contrast to their rigid counterparts, offer superior adaptability to the environment, enhanced flexibility, and impro...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,759 Views
20 Pages

14 January 2022

Compared with rigid robots, soft robots have better adaptability to the environment because of their pliability. However, due to the lower structural stiffness of the soft manipulator, the posture of the manipulator is usually decided by the weight a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
8,169 Views
11 Pages

10 October 2022

Soft soils are commonly located in many regions near seas, oceans, and rivers all over the world. These regions are vital and attractive for population and governments development. Soft soil is classified as problematic soil owing to sustaining low s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,586 Views
16 Pages

Modeling of Soft Pneumatic Actuators with Different Orientation Angles Using Echo State Networks for Irregular Time Series Data

  • Samuel M. Youssef,
  • MennaAllah Soliman,
  • Mahmood A. Saleh,
  • Mostafa A. Mousa,
  • Mahmoud Elsamanty and
  • Ahmed G. Radwan

29 January 2022

Modeling of soft robotics systems proves to be an extremely difficult task, due to the large deformation of the soft materials used to make such robots. Reliable and accurate models are necessary for the control task of these soft robots. In this pap...

  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Citations
3,557 Views
16 Pages

31 March 2022

Constructing subways in soft soil strata by shields may cause large displacement of ground and tunnels during and after construction. To evaluate the corresponding short-term and long-term displacement, this paper presented a three-dimensional numeri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,914 Views
15 Pages

23 December 2023

Soft robotics has emerged as a promising field due to the unique characteristics offered by compliant and flexible structures. Overcoming the challenge of precise position control is crucial in the development of such systems that require accurate mo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,497 Views
30 Pages

Seismic Behavior of Pile Group Foundations in Soft Clay: Insights from Nonlinear Numerical Modeling

  • Mohsen Saleh Asheghabadi,
  • Wenchang Shang,
  • Junwei Liu,
  • Haibao Feng,
  • Lingyun Feng,
  • Tengfei Sun,
  • Jiankai Sun and
  • Hongxuan Zhao

Pile foundations are commonly used to support structures subjected to complex loading conditions. In seismic-prone regions, understanding the soil–pile interaction under cyclic loading is essential for ensuring the stability and safety of these...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,054 Views
15 Pages

15 May 2021

This paper examines the stiffness degradation and interface failure load on soft soil–concrete interface. The friction behavior and its variability is investigated. The direct shear tests under constant normal load were used to establish parameters t...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,707 Views
22 Pages

30 June 2024

This review article focuses on applying operation state detection and performance optimization techniques in industrial electrical systems. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
882 Views
17 Pages

Design and Machine Learning Modeling of a Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Bionic Pneumatic Soft Actuator

  • Yu Zhang,
  • Linghui Peng,
  • Wenchuan Zhao,
  • Ning Wang and
  • Zheng Zhang

12 September 2025

A novel multi-degree-of-freedom bionic Soft Pneumatic Actuator (SPA) inspired by the shoulder joint of a sea turtle is proposed. The SPA is mainly composed of a combination of oblique chamber actuator units capable of omnidirectional bending and bi-d...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
528 Views
21 Pages

4 December 2025

We discuss an intermodal routing problem that aims to achieve comprehensive improvement in the economics, environmental sustainability, and timeliness of transportation. We formulate the consignee’s uncertain demand for goods to improve the rel...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,860 Views
17 Pages

A Data-Driven Learning Method for Constitutive Modeling: Application to Vascular Hyperelastic Soft Tissues

  • David González,
  • Alberto García-González,
  • Francisco Chinesta and
  • Elías Cueto

18 May 2020

We address the problem of machine learning of constitutive laws when large experimental deviations are present. This is particularly important in soft living tissue modeling, for instance, where large patient-dependent data is found. We focus on two...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,615 Views
26 Pages

The purpose of this study was to identify and explore the differences in pharmacokinetics between different nanoformulations. This was done by comparing the pharmacokinetics of methotrexate-loaded nanoparticles [poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); size of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,898 Views
28 Pages

Basal Heave Stability Analysis of Excavations in Bangkok Soft Clay with Confined Groundwater Recovery Using Numerical Modeling

  • Avirut Puttiwongrak,
  • Thatree Deekaoropkun,
  • Khin Phyu Sin,
  • Krit Saowiang,
  • Pittaya Jamsawang and
  • Piti Sukontasukkul

26 February 2025

This study addresses the critical issue of basal heave stability in deep excavations within Bangkok’s soft clay, particularly under conditions of confined groundwater recovery. Historical failures in excavation projects highlight the urgent nee...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,521 Views
13 Pages

10 March 2022

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, business and consumer behavior towards online consumption and digital payments has changed. This trend, although significant, may be observed, to a varying extent, among customers across the European Union. This...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,843 Views
22 Pages

3D Model Identification of a Soft Robotic Neck

  • Fernando Quevedo,
  • Jorge Muñoz,
  • Juan Alejandro Castano Pena and
  • Concepción A. Monje

13 July 2021

Soft robotics is becoming an emerging solution to many of the problems in robotics, such as weight, cost and human interaction. In order to overcome such problems, bio-inspired designs have introduced new actuators, links and architectures. However,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
4,808 Views
13 Pages

Control-Oriented Modelling of a 3D-Printed Soft Actuator

  • Ali Zolfagharian,
  • Akif Kaynak,
  • Sui Yang Khoo,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Saeid Nahavandi and
  • Abbas Kouzani

26 December 2018

A new type of soft actuator was developed by using hydrogel materials and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, attracting the attention of researchers in the soft robotics field. Due to parametric uncertainties of such actuators, which origina...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,128 Views
22 Pages

Model-Free Control of a Soft Pneumatic Segment

  • Jorge Francisco García-Samartín,
  • Raúl Molina-Gómez and
  • Antonio Barrientos

Soft robotics faces challenges in attaining control methods that ensure precision from hard-to-model actuators and sensors. This study focuses on closed-chain control of a segment of PAUL, a modular pneumatic soft arm, using elastomeric-based resisti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
882 Views
15 Pages

Mathematical Models of Critical Soft Error in Synchronous and Self-Timed Pipeline

  • Igor Sokolov,
  • Yuri Stepchenkov,
  • Yuri Diachenko and
  • Dmitry Khilko

21 February 2025

This paper analyzes the impact of a single soft error on the performance of a synchronous and self-timed pipeline. A nuclear particle running through the integrated circuit body is considered the most probable soft error source. The existing estimate...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,383 Views
9 Pages

26 February 2023

Generic polymer models capturing the chain connectivity and the non-bonded excluded-volume interactions between polymer segments can be classified into hard- and soft-core models depending on their non-bonded pair potential. Here we compared the corr...

of 102