Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the leading chronic liver condition globally, constitutes a major etiological contributor to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its transition from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepati...
Background: The immune mechanisms occurring during acute rejection (AR) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction are a challenge for research and the balance between effector and regulatory cells has not been defined completely. In this study, we aimed...
The formation of atherosclerotic plaques is one of the main sources of cardiovascular disease. In addition to known risk factors such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, endothelial dysfunction has been shown to play a key role in t...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease that mostly affects small and large synovial joints. At the molecular level, RA is characterized by a profoundly defective innate and adaptive immune response that resul...
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a multifunctional lipoprotein involved in lipid transport, immune regulation, and redox homeostasis. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress alter HDL composition and function, promoting the formation of dysfunctio...
Disruption of the gut microenvironment is a hallmark of HIV infection, where regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in maintaining gut homeostasis. However, the mechanisms by which gut Tregs contribute to immune reconstitution failure in HIV...
Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells prevent excessive immune responses against dietary antigens and commensal bacteria in the intestine. Moreover, Treg cells contribute to the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between the host and gut microbes,...
Leptin regulates lipid metabolism, maximizing insulin sensitivity; however, peripheral leptin resistance is not fully understood, and its contribution to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. This study evaluate...
Regulatory T cells (Tregs), a suppressive subpopulation of T cells, are potent mediators of peripheral tolerance, responsible for immune homeostasis. Many autoimmune diseases exhibit disruptions in Treg function or quantity, resulting in an imbalance...
Background/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) involves dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics. This review systematically integrates the specific mechanisms by which exercise modulates mitochondrial fusion, fiss...
Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and related pressure-mediated otologic disorders often present with fluctuating auditory, vestibular, and pressure-related symptoms that are difficult to explain using static structural or symptom-based diagnostic la...
The immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Tregs) regulate immune responses and maintain immune homeostasis, yet their functions in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remain controversial. Here we report increased accumul...
CD8+ T cells are critical for controlling viremia during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These cells produce cytolytic factors and antiviral cytokines that eliminate virally- infected cells. During the chronic phase of HIV infection, CD...
Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of stress-induced immunosuppression and developing reliable diagnostic methods are important tasks in clinical medicine. This will allow for the development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatm...
This study evaluated the effects of blueberry extract and resistance training on lung and right ventricle (RV) function and structure in severe experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH was induced in male Wistar rats by a single intrap...
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a progressive and complex neurological disorder accompanied by multiple systemic challenges. Peripheral immune dysfunction is a major event occurring after SCI, especially in its chronic phase. Previous works have demonstr...
CD8+ T cells are critical for controlling HIV infection. During the chronic phase of lentiviral infection, CD8+ T cells lose their proliferative capacity and exhibit impaired antiviral function. This loss of CD8+ T cell function is due, in part, to C...
Background: Observational studies of intermittent hemodialysis therapy have reported that the excess decrease in K+ concentration in plasma (KP) during treatment is associated with the destabilization of cardiac function. Elucidating the mechanism by...
Heat stress is an escalating environmental challenge that adversely affects mammalian reproductive physiology, yet the integrated molecular mechanisms through which ovarian tissue responds to sustained heat stress remain incompletely understood. This...
Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a globally prevalent condition with a complex pathogenesis. While both m6A RNA methylation regulators and gut microbiota have been independently implicated in MASLD, thei...
Synaptogyrin-3 (SYNGR3) is a synaptic vesicular membrane protein. Amongst four homologues (SYNGR1 to 4), SYNGR1 and 3 are especially abundant in the brain. SYNGR3 interacts with the dopamine transporter (DAT) to facilitate dopamine (DA) uptake and sy...
Background: Engineered nanoparticles (NPs)—titanium dioxide, silver, zinc oxide and silica—are widely used in cosmetics for UV protection, antimicrobial activity and texturising effects. Chronic consumer-level exposure may impair skin-bar...
Glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), a S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase, is primarily expressed in the liver and plays a key role in regulating liver metabolism and protecting against liver injury. Several studies have shown that...
Methionine restriction (MR) has been reported to have many beneficial health effects, including stress resistance enhancement and lifespan extension. However, the effects of MR on the splenic metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity in mice remain un...
Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide rich in fucose, is derived from brown algae and marine invertebrates. Multiple bioactivities have been shown with fucoidan, while growing attraction has emerged in its low-molecular-weight (Mw) hydrolysates. Here,...
Pathogenic New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe immunopathogenic disease in humans manifested by pulmonary edema and respiratory distress, with case fatality rates approaching 40%. High levels of infl...
South Africa has the highest HIV prevalence globally, often co-occurring with helminth infections in impoverished regions. The coexistence of these infections leads to immunological interactions, potentially enhancing oncogenesis by upregulating immu...
Immunotherapy shows promising clinical results in patients with different types of cancer, but its full potential is not reached due to immune dysfunction as a result of several suppressive mechanisms that play a role in cancer development and progre...
Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that is the causative agent of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and associated with multiorgan inflammatory disorders, including HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis...
A kinetic analysis of the transport assays on the purified rat brain 2-oxoglutarate/malate carrier (OGC) was performed starting from our recent results reporting about a competitive inhibitory behavior of hemin, a physiological porphyrin derivative,...
Mastitis is recognized worldwide as one of the most expensive and common bovine diseases, severely affecting bovine health and milk quality. Mitochondria, known to play important roles in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), not only provide ener...
Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) contributes substantially to the global burden of cirrhosis and liver-related mortality, driven by ethanol metabolism, oxidative stress, and dysregulated immune signaling. Despite rapidly growing evidence implic...
Disruptions of the Treg/Th17 cell balance and gut barrier function are associated with endothelial dysfunction. Dieckol (DK) obtained from Ecklonia cava and E. cava extract (ECE) decreases blood pressure by reducing inflammation; however, it has not...
Selection of a pre-clinical non-human primate (NHP) model is essential when evaluating therapeutic vaccine and treatment strategies for HIV. SIV and SHIV-infected NHPs exhibit a range of viral burdens, pathologies, and responses to combinatorial anti...
17 October 2021
Challenges during the perinatal period can lead to maternal distress, negatively affecting mother-infant interaction. This study aims to retrospectively explore the experiences and needs regarding professional support of mothers with difficulties in...
Pelargonidins are anthocyanidins thought to be beneficial for the human health, although controversies exist over the doses needed and the unclear mechanism of action, along with poor systemic bioavailability. One putative target of pelargonidins is...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disease characterized by impaired communication, reciprocal social interactions, restricted sociability deficits, and stereotyped behavioral patterns. Environmental factors and genetic susceptibi...
Small (monomeric) GTP-binding proteins (smgs; Cdc42 and Rac1) play requisite roles in islet beta cell function, including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that sustained (constitutive) activation of smgs (...
The detection of early coronary atherosclerosis (ECA) is still a challenge and the mechanism of endothelial dysfunction remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the regulatory network of mi...
Adipose dysfunction with aging increases risk to insulin resistance and other chronic metabolic diseases. We previously showed functional changes in microRNAs involved in pre-adipocyte differentiation with aging resulting in adipose dysfunction. Howe...
Neurotoxicity is generally thought to result from exogenous agents like environmental chemicals, drugs and biological toxins. However, increasing evidence suggests that many endogenous molecules that play a critical role in normal brain function can...
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with ageing, but the detailed causal relationship between the two is still unclear. We review the major phenomenological manifestations of mitochondrial age-related dysfunction including biochemical, regulatory...
The endothelium is a continuous layer of cells that coats the interior walls of arteries, capillaries, and veins. It has an essential regulatory role in hemostatic function, vascular tone, inflammation, and platelet activity. Endothelial dysfunction...
CD8+ T-cell exhaustion is a key mechanism of tumor immune evasion and a major limitation of current cancer immunotherapy. However, the molecular factors sustaining dysfunctional CD8+ T-cell states across cancers are not fully understood. Here, we ide...
The link between liver dysfunction and decreased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in sepsis has been clearly established in experimental models. Energy transduction is plastic: the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling collapses in the early st...
Previous studies have demonstrated that microgravity could lead to health risks. The investigation of the molecular mechanisms from the aspect of systems biology has not been performed yet. Here, we integratively analyzed transcriptional and post-tra...
Pancreatic cancer has one of the worst prognoses of any human malignancy and leukocyte infiltration is a major prognostic marker of the disease. As current immunotherapies confer negligible survival benefits, there is a need to better characterise le...
In chronic viral hepatitis and in hepatocarcinoma (HCC), antigen-specific T cells are deeply exhausted, and evidence of dysfunction has also been observed for NK cells, which can play a pathogenetic role, exerting a regulatory activity on adaptive im...
The periodontal immune microenvironment is a delicate regulatory system that involves a variety of host immune cells including neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, dendritic cells and mesenchymal stem cells. The dysfunction or overactivation of any kin...
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH), are major causes of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. This review elucidates the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the immunologi...
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