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Molecular Research on Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology
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Molecular Research on Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 May 2025 | Viewed by 492

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kamil Gill

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: male fertility; semen analysis; sperm chromatin; sperm DNA fragmentation; oxidative stress; reactive oxygen species
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Special Issue, which will highlight the latest research in reproductive physiology and endocrinology.  The foundation of modern therapy lies in a deep understanding of the biological processes occurring in the reproductive system under physiological and pathological conditions.  Although these studies are called basic science, they use advanced molecular methods to explore changes at the genetic and epigenetic level, as well as the influence of environmental factors on these changes.

In addition, the study of reproductive endocrinology cannot be ignored;  reproductive endocrine disorders can occur due to abnormal changes in any part of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, and can include a variety of symptoms, including infertility, hirsutism, virilization, oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in women and infertility and changes in sexual function in men.  In particular, understanding the role of hormones and their regulatory mechanisms in infertility is vital.  We will focus on the effects of obesity, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome, reproductive hormones, and IVF on reproductive health.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in reproductive physiology and reproductive endocrinology to help us better understand the functioning of the reproductive system and reveal the processes leading to its dysfunction. We encourage the submission of original research articles and reviews, especially those that provide results at the molecular level.

Dr. Kamil Gill
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reproductive
  • endocrinology
  • reproductive hormones
  • embryology
  • molecular research
  • IVF
  • obesity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 1113 KiB  
Article
Abnormally Increased Prolactin Levels in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Are Associated with Risk of Obesity, Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes
by Vesselina Yanachkova and Teodora Stankova
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(9), 4239; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26094239 - 29 Apr 2025
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine condition in women of reproductive age, characterized also by insulin resistance, affecting both obese and non-obese individuals. Hyperprolactinemia in patients with PCOS may additionally aggravate the decline in insulin sensitivity, attributable to prolactin lipogenic effects [...] Read more.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine condition in women of reproductive age, characterized also by insulin resistance, affecting both obese and non-obese individuals. Hyperprolactinemia in patients with PCOS may additionally aggravate the decline in insulin sensitivity, attributable to prolactin lipogenic effects and influence on metabolic profile. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the serum levels of prolactin in women with PCOS and their associations with obesity, insulin resistance and prediabetes. A retrospective monocentric study was performed using the electronic database of 157 women diagnosed with PCOS. Serum prolactin, BMI, complete glucose-insulin profile and insulin resistance indices following OGTT were determined. The women with hyperprolactinemia (40.8%) had significantly higher BMI (p = 0.007), fasting glucose (p = 0.003), insulin levels (p < 0.001) and HOMA-IR (p < 0.001). The women with PCOS categorized as overweight/obese (47.1%), insulin resistant (68.8%), having impaired fasting glycaemia (28.7%) and prediabetes (36.3%) showed significantly higher levels of prolactin compared to the respective counterparts. Consequently, higher prolactin levels were significantly associated with an elevated risk of development of overweight/obesity (OR 2.59; 95% CI: 1.34–4.97, p = 0.004), insulin resistance (OR 3.33; 95% CI: 1.54–7.19, p = 0.002) and prediabetes (OR 1.98; 95% CI: 1.02–3.85, p = 0.043) in women with PCOS. Our results suggest that hyperprolactinemia might be a pathophysiological link between obesity, insulin resistance, and carbohydrate metabolism impairments in patients with PCOS. Increased prolactin levels may serve as an additional indicator of insulin resistance and even further exacerbate it in women with PCOS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology)
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14 pages, 4642 KiB  
Article
DNA Methylation Patterns Provide Insights into the Epigenetic Regulation of Intersex Formation in the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
by Shu-Jian Fang, Shu-Cheng Shao, Meng-Qi Ni, Ya-Nan Yang and Zhao-Xia Cui
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(7), 3224; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26073224 - 30 Mar 2025
Viewed by 269
Abstract
DNA methylation is a form of epigenetic regulation that plays an important role in regulating gene expression of organisms. However, the DNA methylation pattern of intersex crabs has not yet been clarified. In order to reveal the DNA methylation in intersex Eriocheir sinensis [...] Read more.
DNA methylation is a form of epigenetic regulation that plays an important role in regulating gene expression of organisms. However, the DNA methylation pattern of intersex crabs has not yet been clarified. In order to reveal the DNA methylation in intersex Eriocheir sinensis, this study investigated the genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of female, male, and intersex individuals. The similar results across samples showed that the levels of cytosine methylation in the CG context were significantly higher than that in the CHG and CHH contexts. The methylation levels in the promoter region were higher than those in other functional element regions. We screened 149 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in the promoter region between female and intersex crabs and 110 DMGs between male and intersex crabs. Three core gene networks were found in a comparison group of female and intersex crabs that involved heat shock proteins, ribosomes, and metabolism pathways; two core gene networks were found in the comparison group of male and intersex crabs that involved ribosomes and metabolism pathways. The six confirmed genes of Hsc70, Hsp90, Rpl18, Acsl1, Yip2, and Rpl7 had lower methylation levels in the promoter region of intersex crabs than that of female and male crabs. However, six genes showed higher expression in intersex crabs than in female and male crabs. Our results reveal that DNA methylation is involved in the formation and maintenance of life activities of intersex crabs through the regulation of gene expression, enriching the DNA methylation library of the whole genome of E. sinensis and providing new insights for a better understanding of the epigenetic regulation of the formation of intersex E. sinensis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research on Reproductive Physiology and Endocrinology)
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