Until 29 May 2020, the Visible and Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (VNIS) onboard the Yutu-2 Rover of the Chang’e-4 (CE-4) has acquired 96 high-resolution surface in-situ imaging spectra. These spectra were acquired under different illuminat...
Facial recognition has a significant application for security, especially in surveillance technologies. In surveillance systems, recognizing faces captured far away from the camera under various lighting conditions, such as in the daytime and nightti...
High-quality reconstruction of polished surfaces is a promising yet challenging task in the industrial field. Due to its extreme reflective properties, state-of-the-art methods have not achieved a satisfying trade-off between retaining texture and re...
Atlantic salmon aquaculture faces persistent welfare challenges from handling, confinement, disease, and delousing, yet established welfare indicators typically require capture or invasive sampling and signal problems only after they have developed....
A photometric stereo needs three images taken under three different light directions lit one by one, while a color photometric stereo needs only one image taken under three different lights lit at the same time with different light directions and dif...
One of the main problems faced by the photometric stereo method is that several measurements are required, as this method needs illumination from light sources from different directions. A solution to this problem is the color photometric stereo meth...
We present photometric stereo algorithms robust to non-Lambertian reflection, which are based on a convolutional neural network in which surface normals of objects with complex geometry and surface reflectance are estimated from a given set of an arb...
The photometric stereo method enables estimation of surface normals from images that have been captured using different but known lighting directions. The classical photometric stereo method requires at least three images to determine the normals in...
Automated inspection technology based on computer vision is now widely used in the manufacturing industry with high speed and accuracy. However, metal parts always appear in high gloss or shadow on the surface, resulting in the overexposure of the ca...
Multi-spectral photometric stereo can recover pixel-wise surface normal from a single RGB image. The difficulty lies in that the intensity in each channel is the tangle of illumination, albedo and camera response; thus, an initial estimate of the nor...
Telescopic observations of Mercury consistently report systematic variations of the normalized spectral slope of visible-to-near-infrared reflectance spectra. This effect was previously assumed to be a photometric property of the regolith, but it is...
In optical 3D shape measurement, stereo vision with structured light can measure 3D scan data with high accuracy and is used in many applications, but fine surface detail is difficult to obtain. On the other hand, photometric stereo can capture surfa...
We present a supervised machine learning classification of sources from the Javalambre Physics of the Accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS) Pathfinder datasets: miniJPAS and J-NEP. Leveraging crossmatches with spectroscopic and photometr...
Accurate modeling of non-cooperative space targets remains a significant challenge, particularly under complex illumination conditions. A hybrid virtual–real framework is proposed that integrates photometric compensation, 3D reconstruction, and...
Topographic products are important for mission operations and scientific research in lunar exploration. In a lunar rover mission, high-resolution digital elevation models are typically generated at waypoints by photogrammetry methods based on rover s...
Mapping agricultural fields using high-resolution satellite imagery and deep learning (DL) models has advanced significantly, even in regions with small, irregularly shaped fields. However, effective DL models often require large, expensive labeled d...
Predicting accurate normal maps of objects from two-dimensional images in regions of complex structure and spatial material variations is challenging using photometric stereo methods due to the influence of surface reflection properties caused by var...
Ground-based optical observation is a key sensing modality for space-object monitoring, but reliable association becomes challenging when orbital priors are degraded, site-position information is imprecise, and each frame contains multiple point-sour...
Indoor scene reconstruction remains challenging due to the prevalence of low-texture regions such as walls, floors, and ceilings, where weak photometric signals hinder accurate geometric recovery. While 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) achieves impressiv...
Geometric surface information such as depth maps and surface normals can be acquired by various methods such as stereo light fields, shape from shading and photometric stereo techniques. We compare several algorithms which deal with the combination o...
Differentiable rasterization enables image inversion by providing gradients of image-based losses with respect to camera and scene parameters, and has become a practical foundation for inverse graphics and photometric estimation on GPUs. However, the...
A pressure-sensitive film was used to characterize the asperity contacts along a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) interface in the laboratory. The film has structural health monitoring (SHM) applications for flanges and other precision fittings and...
In the digital 3D reconstruction of the shapes and surface reflectance of ancient paintings and drawings using Photometric Stereo (PS) techniques, normal integration is a key step. However, difficulties in locating light sources, non-Lambertian surfa...
LiDAR–inertial odometry (LIO) is accurate in structurally rich environments but can become weakly observable in tunnels, stairways, and open terrain. This study introduces a degeneracy-aware, intensity-assisted LIO method that uses LiDAR reflec...
Face recognition under uncontrolled lighting remains challenging due to variations in brightness, background noise, and low-quality features. This paper presents a unified deep learning model that integrates illumination normalization, skin-aware spa...
The luminosity function for quasars (QSOs) is usually fitted by a Schechter function. The dependence of the number of quasars on the redshift, both in the low and high luminosity regions, requires the inclusion of a lower and upper boundary in the Sc...
Line structured light (LSL) measurement systems can obtain high accuracy profiles, but the overall clarity relies greatly on the sampling interval of the scanning process. Photometric stereo (PS), on the other hand, is sensitive to tiny features but...
The acquisition of the geometry of general scenes is related to the interplay of surface geometry, material properties and illumination characteristics. Surface texture and non-Lambertian reflectance properties degrade the reconstruction results by s...
Real-time rendering is increasingly used in augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), interactive design, and product visualisation, where materials must prioritise efficiency and consistency rather than the extreme accuracy required in offline renderin...
We present a novel computational photography technique for single-shot separation of diffuse/specular reflectance, as well as novel angular domain separation of layered reflectance. We present two imaging solutions for this purpose: two-way polarized...
The emission-line B-type stars constitute a heterogeneous group. Many of these stars show similar optical spectroscopic features and color indices, making it difficult to classify them adequately by means of photometric and spectroscopic techniques....
This paper presents a reproducible system innovation for processing Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) mammography images based on pixel-monotonic dynamic range management and engineering-verifiable intensity transformations. Stan...
The BRightest Target Explorer (BRITE) is the pioneering nanosatellite mission dedicated for photometric observations of the brightest stars in the sky. The BRITE charge coupled device (CCD) sensors are poorly shielded against extensive flux of energe...
Calcium is a key macroelement involved in a range of physiological processes in the body, and its concentration in blood is an important diagnostic indicator in various diseases. This work presents a novel rapid method for the point-of-care determina...
Conventional multi-view stereo (MVS) approaches based on photo-consistency measures are generally robust, yet often fail in calculating valid depth pixel estimates in low textured areas of the scene. In this study, a novel approach is proposed to tac...
Optimization of lighting installations should be a priority in order to reduce energy consumption and obtrusive light while providing optimal visibility conditions for road users. For the design of lighting installations, it is assumed that the road...
The use of water detection (WD) indices to infer daily discharge (Qd) has a great potential to enrich needed hydrological data for understanding fluvial processes driving the morphological changes of braided rivers. However, no consensus has been rea...
Caloric restriction (CR) represents a powerful intervention for extending healthspan and lifespan in several animal models, from yeast to primates. Additionally, in humans, CR has been found to induce cardiometabolic adaptations associated with impro...
Northwestern University’s Charles Deering McCormick Library of Special Collections owns three hand-colored copperplate engravings that once belonged to an edition of Matamorphosis Insectorum Surinamensium by artist-naturalist Maria Sibylla Merian (16...
The present work aims to develop a regional Middle Urals Aerosol model (MUrA model) based on the joint analysis of long-term ground-based photometric measurements of the Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) and the results of lidar measurements of the C...
Quaternion Fractional Moment (QFM) descriptors are widely used in geometric pattern recognition due to their ability to encode multi-channel image information and exhibit invariance properties. However, their robustness under real-world acquisition v...
This paper presents a photometric stereo (PS) method based on the dichromatic reflectance model (DRM) using colour images. The proposed method estimates surface orientations for surfaces with non-Lambertian reflectance using diffuse-specular separati...
Tightly coupled LiDAR-visual-inertial simultaneous localization and mapping (simultaneous localization and mapping, SLAM) systems are prone to observation distortion, weak state observability, and cumulative drift under weak-texture conditions, dynam...
Background: Shoulder pain is prominent among sedentary employees who make motions of the upper limbs on a regular basis. Rounded shoulder posture (RSP) and hunched shoulder posture (HSP) are the most common clinical postural misalignments. These caus...
Spektr–UF (World Space Observatory Ultraviolet, WSO-UV) is a Russian-led international collaboration aiming to develop a large space-borne 1.7 m Ritchey–Chretién telescope with science instruments to study the Universe in ultraviol...
Solar radiation provides the most significant natural energy in buildings for space heating and daylighting. Due to atmospheric interference, solar radiation received at the Earth’s surface consists of direct beam and diffuse radiation, where diffuse...
Soil moisture is the crucial carrier of the global hydrologic cycle and the dynamic energy balance regulation process. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor surface soil moisture content (SMC) accurately for the study of the natural ecolo...
Automated retinal vessel segmentation can support quantitative analysis of fundus photographs and facilitate measurement of vascular characteristics associated with ocular and systemic disease. Although deep-learning methods achieve high segmentation...
Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), as a key task of unmanned vehicles for construction machinery, is of great significance for later path planning and control. Construction tasks in the engineering field are mostly carried out in bridges,...
Jute, a vital lignocellulosic fiber crop with substantial industrial and ecological relevance, continues to suffer considerable yield and quality degradation due to pervasive foliar pathologies. Traditional diagnostic modalities reliant on manual fie...
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