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Advances in Detection-Oriented Multi-Sensor Fusion Beyond the Visible Spectrum

A special issue of Remote Sensing (ISSN 2072-4292). This special issue belongs to the section "Remote Sensing Image Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2507

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: multi-sensor image fusion; image enhancement; remote sensing change detection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
Interests: hyperspectral image super-resolution; infrared small-target detection; computational imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Interests: infrared image super-resolution; infrared small target detection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RN, UK
Interests: computer vision; information fusion; deep learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advancement of technology has led to a remarkable expansion in our ability to perceive and analyze the world beyond the visible spectrum. From infrared imaging to millimeter-wave scanners and synthetic aperture radar (SAR), various non-visible modalities offer unique capabilities for detecting and tracking objects and phenomena of interest. This Special Issue explores the challenges and opportunities associated with the fusion of multiple sensors operating beyond the visible spectrum, focusing on the development of intelligent systems and algorithms to effectively interpret and exploit the wealth of data available. By leveraging the complementary strengths of different sensor modalities, such as infrared, hyperspectral, and SAR, we can enhance detection capabilities and enable applications ranging from surveillance and security to environmental monitoring and disaster management. Through a discussion of recent advancements and future research directions, this Special Issue aims to explore the potential of multi-sensor fusion in information interpretation and situational awareness beyond the visible spectrum.

This Special Issue aims to showcase the latest advances and innovations in detection-oriented multi-sensor fusion that exploit the untapped potential beyond visible spectrum. We invite high-quality research that spans theoretical foundations, enabling technologies, and impactful applications in this exciting field. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Remote sensing image fusion (infrared and visible, hyperspectral, multispectral, and panchromatic images);
  • Hyperspectral target/anomaly detection and recognition;
  • High-resolution image, hyperspectral, SAR, etc., change detection;
  • SAR target detection and recognition;
  • Infrared target detection and recognition.

We welcome research articles and review articles for submission. Submissions will undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure they are of the highest quality.

Dr. Liangliang Li
Prof. Dr. Zhenming Peng
Dr. Yimian Dai
Dr. Fei Zhou
Dr. Xingchen Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Remote Sensing is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • image fusion
  • target detection
  • anomaly detection
  • change detection
  • SAR

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

30 pages, 24013 KiB  
Article
Non-Concentric Differential Model with Geographic Information-Driven Weights Allocation for Enhanced Infrared Small Target Detection
by Lingbing Peng, Zhi Lu, Tao Lei and Ping Jiang
Remote Sens. 2025, 17(1), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17010075 - 28 Dec 2024
Viewed by 510
Abstract
Infrared small target detection technology has received extensive attention due to its advantages in long-distance monitoring. However, there is much room for improvement in its performance due to complex backgrounds and the lack of distinct features in small targets. Many specific scenarios can [...] Read more.
Infrared small target detection technology has received extensive attention due to its advantages in long-distance monitoring. However, there is much room for improvement in its performance due to complex backgrounds and the lack of distinct features in small targets. Many specific scenarios can lead to target loss, such as edge-adjacent targets, intersecting targets, low contrast caused by locally bright backgrounds, and false alarms induced by globally bright backgrounds. To address these issues, we have identified the positional correlation differences between the local background location and whether the target can be perceived by the human eye, thereby introducing geographic information weights to represent this correlation difference. We first constructed a non-concentric Gaussian difference structure to prevent the central target energy loss caused by traditional concentric filters. Based on this, we introduced Gabor filters, which have the capability of directional feature extraction and position correlation representation, into the non-concentric differential structure. By adjusting the relative position of the Gabor filter center and configuring frequency parameters based on geographic information, we optimized the filter weights to handle complex situations, such as targets being close to background clutter or other targets. Subsequently, an improved logarithmic function was applied to adjust the overall saliency of candidate targets, preventing the loss of low-contrast targets and the residual high-energy background clutter. Extensive experiments show that our method exhibits effective detection performance and robustness in four application scenes and three challenging image distribution scenes. Full article
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21 pages, 14622 KiB  
Article
Cross-Spectral Navigation with Sensor Handover for Enhanced Proximity Operations with Uncooperative Space Objects
by Massimiliano Bussolino, Gaia Letizia Civardi, Matteo Quirino, Michele Bechini and Michèle Lavagna
Remote Sens. 2024, 16(20), 3910; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16203910 - 21 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1116
Abstract
Close-proximity operations play a crucial role in emerging mission concepts, such as Active Debris Removal or small celestial bodies exploration. When approaching a non-cooperative target, the increased risk of collisions and reduced reliance on ground intervention necessitate autonomous on-board relative pose (position and [...] Read more.
Close-proximity operations play a crucial role in emerging mission concepts, such as Active Debris Removal or small celestial bodies exploration. When approaching a non-cooperative target, the increased risk of collisions and reduced reliance on ground intervention necessitate autonomous on-board relative pose (position and attitude) estimation. Although navigation strategies relying on monocular cameras which operate in the visible (VIS) spectrum have been extensively studied and tested in flight for navigation applications, their accuracy is heavily related to the target’s illumination conditions, thus limiting their applicability range. The novelty of the paper is the introduction of a thermal-infrared (TIR) camera to complement the VIS one to mitigate the aforementioned issues. The primary goal of this work is to evaluate the enhancement in navigation accuracy and robustness by performing VIS-TIR data fusion within an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and to assess the performance of such navigation strategy in challenging illumination scenarios. The proposed navigation architecture is tightly coupled, leveraging correspondences between a known uncooperative target and feature points extracted from multispectral images. Furthermore, handover from one camera to the other is introduced to enable seamlessly operations across both spectra while prioritizing the most significant measurement sources. The pipeline is tested on Tango spacecraft synthetically generated VIS and TIR images. A performance assessment is carried out through numerical simulations considering different illumination conditions. Our results demonstrate that a combined VIS-TIR navigation strategy effectively enhances operational robustness and flexibility compared to traditional VIS-only navigation chains. Full article
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