Measuring the openness of innovation is essential to understanding whether and under which conditions increasing openness is beneficial for organizations. However, no consensus has been so far achieved on which dimensions characterize the openness of...
Work is an important quantity in thermodynamics. In a closed quanutm system, the two-point energy measurements can be applied to measure the work but cannot be utilized in an open quantum system. With the two-point energy measurements, it has been sh...
Monitoring of CO2 column concentrations is valuable for atmospheric research. A mobile open-path system was developed based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) to measure atmospheric CO2 column concentrations. A laser beam was emit...
Novel concepts, perspectives and challenges in measuring and controlling an open quantum system via sequential schemes are shown. We discuss how similar protocols, relying both on repeated quantum measurements and dynamical decoupling control pulses,...
On the basis of existing experimental studies on web-opening wood composite beams, six new types of reinforcement were proposed in this study. The effects of different reinforcement measures on mechanical properties such as the load-carrying capacity...
There is a wide consensus within the polar science, meteorology, and oceanography communities that more in situ observations of the ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice are required to further improve operational forecasting model skills. Traditionally, th...
Integrating optical metrology into steelmaking and metalworking processes faces challenges not only from harsh conditions but also from a limited understanding of metrology concepts. The literature often overlooks distinctions between different uncer...
This research paper describes the development of a low-cost device for measuring wastewater flow rates in open channels, a significant advancement enabled by the evolution of microcomputers and processing techniques. A laboratory setup was constructe...
To realize precision agriculture at multiple locations in the field, a low-cost measurement system should be developed for easy collection of hydrometeorological data, such as temperature, moisture, and light. In this study, a compact and low-cost hy...
3 April 2023
Atmospheric data are collected by researchers every day. Campaigns such as GOAmazon 2014/2015 and the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory collect essential data on aerosols, gases, cloud properties, and meteorological parameters in the Brazilian Amazon bas...
Rotational speed measurement is important for many applications. Here, a noncontact rotational speed test method based on the detection of the periodically perturbed near-field microwave of an open-ended waveguide is proposed. Both simulations and ex...
In this editorial, we will introduce the contributions to the Special Issue entitled “Measuring Open Access Uptake: Databases, Metrics, and International Comparisons.” The contributions to this Special Issue explore the methods and metric...
Open-ended coaxial probes are widely used to gather dielectric properties of biological tissues. Due to the lack of an agreed data acquisition protocol, several environmental conditions can cause inaccuracies when comparing dielectric data. In this w...
The mouth opening is an important indication of the functionality of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Mouth opening is usually evaluated by asking the patient to open their mouth as wide as possible and measuring the distance between the edges of t...
This paper presents the design of a maximum power point-tracking (MPPT) technique for DC–DC converters that are used in energy-harvesting systems based on thermoelectric generators. This technique is based on the analysis of the characteristics...
This paper presents a method to simultaneously determine the thickness and permittivity of thin layers from multi-frequency reflection coefficient measurements using an open-ended coaxial probe. This is achieved by exploiting that the probe becomes r...
Sensors used for wastewater flow measurements need to be robust and are, consequently, expensive pieces of hardware that must be maintained regularly to function correctly in the hazardous environment of sewers. Remote sensing can remedy these issues...
The Measurement Lab (MLab) provides a large and open collection of Internet performance measurements. We make use of it to look at the state of the German Internet by a structured analysis, in which we carve out expressive results from the dataset to...
Electrical conductivity is one of the main parameters for the characterization of water solutions and for the monitoring of water sources. In this paper, we describe a very inexpensive prototype for conductivity measurements based on Arduino UNO R3 c...
Electromagnetic (EM) medical technologies are rapidly expanding worldwide for both diagnostics and therapeutics. As these technologies are low-cost and minimally invasive, they have been the focus of significant research efforts in recent years. Such...
Thanks to the advances in computer power, memory storage and the availability of low-cost and high resolution digital cameras, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is currently one of the most used optical and non-contact techniques for measuring material...
The study aim was to validate that dielectric permittivity measurement using the open-ended coaxial probe can be reliably modeled using electromagnetic modeling and simulations, followed by the postprocessing calculations based on the simple capaciti...
This work presents the validation of a low-cost measurement system based on an open-ended coaxial SMA (SubMiniature version A) probe for the characterization of complex permittivity in the microwave frequency range. The system combines a custom-fabri...
The open-ended coaxial probe (OECP) method is frequently used for the microwave dielectric property (DP) characterization of high permittivity and conductivity materials due to inherent advantages including minimal sample preparation requirements and...
The opioid crisis in Canada continues to cause a devastating number of deaths. Community-based naloxone programs have been identified as one of the solutions for combatting this crisis; however, there are disparities in which pharmacies stock and off...
The widespread adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices in home, industrial, and business environments has made available the deployment of innovative distributed measurement systems (DMS). This paper takes into account constrained hardware and a...
Precise flow measurement in the open channel is a key prerequisite to implementation of modern agricultural efficient water use. The channel with an arc-bottomed shape is the most common channel type in irrigation area at present. The paper has verif...
Measure while drilling (MWD) refers to the acquisition of real-time data associated with the drilling process, including information related to the geological characteristics encountered in hard-rock mining. The availability of large quantities of lo...
The phenotypic and genetic links between body fat phenotypes and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant longitudinal epidemiological studies to evaluate the phenotypic link. To identify genetic links,...
A new method to measure small displacement of crack width.
Spacecraft recovery technology is crucial in the field of aerospace, in which the parachute plays a key role in slowing down the descent speed of the spacecraft and realizing a smooth landing. In order to construct a dynamically adjustable parachute...
In order to accomplish accurate mushroom classification and measurement, it is necessary to optimize the existing classification algorithm and measurement devices, as well as to design a specific robot to improve classification accuracy and measureme...
To explore the influence of openings on wind loads and wind speeds in high-rise buildings, the wind flow around three-dimensional (3D) square cylinders with a breadth/height aspect ratio of 1:6 was numerically simulated using the large eddy simulatio...
Compared with the traditional Rogowski coil, printed circuit board (PCB) Rogowski coil has the advantages of high measurement accuracy, simple manufacturing process and low cost. It has become an important device in current measurement. However, the...
Background and Objective: Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy in which the optic nerve is damaged. The optic nerve is exposed not only to intraocular pressure (IOP) in the eye, but also to intracranial pressure (ICP), as it is surrounded by ce...
To avoid a sharp rise in temperature in the cabin of parked vehicles exposed to solar radiation, experienced drivers leave some windows partly open when the vehicle is parked in the sunlight to achieve cooling through natural ventilation. However, th...
Mining, especially surface mining, has a significant impact on the upper part of the soil cover, including fauna and flora. The article deals with the use of geodetic methods to observe the mining process and its possible impact on the environment. T...
The design of open spaces is the subject of interest when searching for solutions to promote well-being and a better quality of life for dwellers, especially those who live in urban areas. A user-friendly open space that meets the needs of an area ha...
Quantification of uncertain degree in the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (DST) framework with belief entropy is still an open issue, even a blank field for the open world assumption. Currently, the existed uncertainty measures in the DST framework a...
Nowadays, ancient open-air theatres are often re-adapted as performance spaces for the additional historical value they can offer to the spectators’ experience. Therefore, there has been an increasing interest in the modelling and simulation of...
Multiphase electric machines are increasingly used in various industries and for electromobility. Complex systems have been developed for the control and powering of multiphase machines, which require verification. The quality of control and the powe...
We provide an insight into the open-data resources pertinent to the study of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic and its control. We identify the variables required to analyze fundamental aspects like seasonal behavior, regional mortality rates, and...
Measuring the intensity and distribution of atmospheric optical turbulence at large-aperture astronomical telescope sites is crucial to optimizing turbulence correction for different layers. A real-time measurement of turbulence distribution in large...
A moisture detection of single rice grains using a slim and small open-ended coaxial probe is presented. The coaxial probe is suitable for the nondestructive measurement of moisture values in the rice grains ranging from from 9.5% to 26%. Empirical p...
In the context of the global energy sector’s increasing reliance on fossil fuels and escalating environmental concerns, there is an urgent need for advancements in energy monitoring and optimization. Addressing this challenge, the present study...
A computer vision system for measuring the displacement and bending angle of ionic polymer–metal composites (IPMC) was proposed in this study. The logical progression of measuring IPMC displacement and bending angle was laid out. This study use...
Façade panel systems with horizontal open joints are commonly used on larger buildings in Nordic countries. Excessive water intrusion through open joints may cause deterioration of the façade, a concern exacerbated by climate change. Pr...
Background: Quantitative gait analysis is essential in both clinical and research contexts; however, traditional marker-based motion capture systems are costly and burdensome. Advances in three-dimensional markerless motion capture (3D-MMC) offer mor...
This paper presents an intelligent electronic device (IED) utilized for automatic meter readings (AMR) scheme using “Open-Source” software. This IED is utilized to measure a low-voltage intelligent electronic device) system with a boundless number of...
Velocity distribution in an open channel flow can be very useful to model many hydraulic phenomena. Among the others, several 1D models based on the concept of entropy are available in the literature, which allow estimating the velocity distribution...
of 214