715 Results Found

The rapid economic growth in Asian countries has witnessed a persistent increase in air pollution complementing adverse health challenges for children in these countries. Quantification of health effects attributable to air pollution (PM_2.5) is impor...

Shwachman Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a multi-system disease characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with malabsorption, infantile neutropenia and aplastic anemia. Life-threatening complications include progression to acute myeloid leukemia...

Maternal obesity is associated with impaired fetal and neonatal survival, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We examined how prepregnancy BMI and early gestational weight gain (GWG) were associated with cause-specific stillbirth and neo...

Complete diagnostic autopsy (CDA) remains the gold standard and a valuable technique for determining cause of death. It is a source of health statistics that can be used to measure health care services’ quality, unraveling important information...

Background: Midwives working in settings with limited clinical resources experience high rates of very early neonatal deaths. Midwives manage the impact of this grief and trauma almost daily, which may affect patient care and their own well-being. Re...

In monochorionic twins with no evidence of chronic twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome or twin anemia-polycythemia sequence, a sudden onset of fetal transfusion syndrome after the second trimester of pregnancy is defined as acute twin-to-twin transfusi...

(1) Background: Every year, 2.5 million neonates die, mostly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), in total disregard of their fundamental human rights. Many of these deaths are preventable. For decades, the leading causes of neonatal mortality...

(1) Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) include gestational hypertension (GH), chronic hypertension (CH), preeclampsia (PE), and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension (CH with PE). HDP is associated with several short an...

Background: Iron supplementation during pregnancy is associated with several health benefits, including a reduced risk of maternal anaemia and improved neonatal outcomes such as lower rates of low birth weight, infection, and anaemia in infancy. Howe...

Background: In low and middle-income countries, close to half of the mortality in children under the age of five years occurs in neonates. Objectives: We examined the trend, medical conditions and factors associated with newborn deaths at the Princes...

Background/Objectives: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in late preterm and term neonates accounts for neonatal mortality and unfavorable neurodevelopmental outcomes in survivors despite therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for neuroprotection. The circ...

Moderate and late preterm newborns comprise around 85% of live births < 37 weeks gestation. Data on their neonatal mortality in middle-income countries is limited. This study aims to analyze the temporal trend, causes and timing of neonatal mortal...

Background: Perinatal death in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) represents one of the most emotionally challenging experiences for nurses. While parental bereavement has been widely studied, nurses’ experiences in neonatal end-of-life care...

Fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) is often associated with chromosomal abnormalities. Our primary aim was to assess stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates for pregnancies complicated by trisomies 13, 18, and 21 in the presence of CHD, from a sing...

Rates of infant death are one of the most common indicators of a population’s overall health status. Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are used to make broad inferences about the quality of health care, effects of health policies and even environmental q...

Background: In 2020, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern due to the global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. Recognized as a severe and highly contagious disease, it affected both the adult and pediatric po...

Sepsis is life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Neonatal sepsis is the main cause of death in newborns, especially preterm infants. The pathogenesis of sepsis is based on a hyper-inflammatory syndrome...

This is an ecological and time-series study using secondary data on perinatal mortality and its components from 2008 to 2017 in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The data were collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and Live Births Information Sy...

(1) Background: Some infants die shortly after birth, leaving both parents and nurses in grief. In the specific setting where the data were collected, the bereaved parents receive a scrapbook made by the nursing staff in the NICU, and a box made by a...

Hypothermia (HT) is used clinically for neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE); however, the brain protection is incomplete and selective regional vulnerability and lifelong consequences remain. Refractory damage and impairment with HT...

The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), with the load of mystery surrounding its causes and with the devastating impact on the affected families, remains the greatest contributor to post-neonatal mortality during the first year of life. Following a...

Objective: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), sudden neonatal unexpected death (SNUD), and sudden intrauterine unexpected death (SIUD) are major unsolved, shocking forms of death that occur frequently and without warning. The body of literature on...

The risk of a child dying before age five in Burundi is almost 1.6 times higher than that in the World Health Organization (WHO) African region. However, variations in the all-cause mortality rates across Burundi have not yet been measured directly a...

Background: This study compared outcomes of pregnant females with and without COVID-19 and their fetuses/newborns. Methods: This is a retrospective study from 2020 to 2023 utilizing the United States Collaborative Network of the TriNetX Database. We...

(1) Background: Until now, several reports about pregnant women with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been published. However, there are no comprehensive systematic reviews collecting all case series studies on data regarding advers...

Although validated in other parts of the world, the suitability of the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 recommendations on gestational weight gain (GWG) for Bangladeshi women remains to be examined. We evaluated the association between the weekl...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the prediction of perinatal survival in pregnancies with extreme preterm delivery between 24⁺⁰ and 27⁺⁶ weeks’ gestation. Methods: This screening cohort study was...

It is well known that ketamine abuse can induce liver damage in adult addicts, but the effects of ketamine abuse in pregnant mothers on their offspring have received less attention. In this study, we investigated the effects of 5-day ketamine injecti...

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) caused by hypoxia-ischemia (HI) affects around 1 per 1000 term newborns and is the leading cause of acquired brain injury and neurodisability. Despite the use of hypothermia (HT) as a standard of care, the incidence of NE...

Maternal smoking, including both traditional cigarettes and electronic ones, is a significant modifiable risk factor associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, especially in twin pregnancies. This narrative review aims to explore the impact of mater...

Context: The Qualineo Strategy is an effective measure for reducing neonatal mortality in regions with the highest death rates. In addition, it is a relevant Brazilian tool for strengthening teamwork and neonatal assistance. This study aims to analyz...

Hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major cause of neonatal brain injury and is associated with a high rate of death and lifelong disability. Its pathogenesis is still poorly understood, and there is no proven treatment for preterm infa...

Reducing neonatal mortality is a global challenge. This study’s objective was to determine the predictors of mortality in patients with neonatal sepsis. The study was a retrospective cohort study in a Peruvian hospital from January 2014 to Apri...

Background/Objectives. This study applied the Demands-Resources-and-Individual-Effects(DRIVE)-Nurses-Model to explore and compare the experiences of nurses working in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs), by invest...

(1) Background: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) represents sudden and unexplained deaths during the sleep of infants under one year of age, despite thorough investigation. Screening for a prolonged QTc interval, a marker for Long QT Syndrome (LQT...

Background/Objectives: Placental vascular malperfusion, on both the maternal (MVM) and fetal (FVM) side, is a key mechanism linking hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction (FGR), stillbirth, preterm neonatal death and neonatal e...

Background: Cleaving ligands and receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily can critically regulate the induction of apoptosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-9 and tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme (TACE) ha...

MΦ differentiate from circulating monocytes (Mo). The reduced ability of neonatal Mo to undergo apoptosis after E. coli infection (phagocytosis-induced cell death (PICD)) could contribute to sustained inflammatory processes. The objective of our stud...

Vps35 (vacuolar protein sorting 35) is a key component of retromer that consists of Vps35, Vps26, and Vps29 trimers, and sortin nexin dimers. Dysfunctional Vps35/retromer is believed to be a risk factor for development of various neurodegenerative di...

We examined neocortical pathology and interneuron degeneration in neonatal hypoxia-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Piglets in two age groups (2–3 or 7–10 days old, n = 4–12/group) underwent global cerebral hypoxia–ischemia (HI)...

Mitochondrial trifunctional protein (MTP) and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiencies have been a part of the Slovenian newborn screening (NBS) program since 2018. We describe a case of early lethal presentation of MTPD/LCHADD...

Maturational changes in the gut start in utero and rapidly progress after birth, with some functions becoming fully developed several months or years post birth including the acquisition of a full gut microbiome, which is made up of trillions of bact...

Pregnancies complicated by severe polyhydramnios are associated with a high rate of underlying fetal anomaly. Amnioreduction may be offered to alleviate maternal symptoms. This is a retrospective study of amnioreductions performed on singleton and tw...

Among the neurotoxicants contained in tobacco smoke, if absorbed during pregnancy, nicotine significantly affects α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which play essential roles in the development of the brainstem regions receiving cholinergic...

The red blood cell (RBC) membrane is unique and crucial for maintaining structural–functional relationships. Maternal smoking induces significant changes in the morphological, rheological, and functional parameters of both maternal and foetal R...

The effects of hypothermia on neonatal encephalopathy may vary topographically and cytopathologically in the neocortex with manifestations potentially influenced by seizures that alter the severity, distribution, and type of neuropathology. We develo...

The association between maternal COVID-19 infection, placental histomorphology and perinatal outcomes is uncertain. The published studies on how placental structure is affected after SARS-CoV-2 virus in COVID-19-infected pregnant women are lacking. W...

Background: With the increasing popularity of elective induction after 39 + 0 weeks, the question of whether induction of labor (IOL) is safe in women with isolated polyhydramnios has become more relevant. We aimed to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes...

Background and Objectives: Preterm birth is a significant concern in obstetrics and neonatology since preterm neonates are at higher risk of various health complications and may require specialized care. The optimal mode of delivery in preterm birth...

Perinatal Asphyxia (PA) is a leading cause of motor and neuropsychiatric disability associated with sustained oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and cell death, affecting brain development. Based on a rat model of global PA, we investigated the neu...