Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are inherited genetic conditions characterized by pathogenic mutations in nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Current therapies are still far from being fully effective and from covering the broad spectrum of...
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are multifactorial metabolic disorders characterized by progressive dysfunction of multiple organs and biological systems. Although mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of disease progression, the mechanisms linki...
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) refer to a group of severe, often inherited genetic conditions due to mutations in the mitochondrial genome or in the nuclear genes encoding for proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The mutatio...
Bioactive food ingredients that regulate the gut microbiota are promising dietary strategies for supporting systemic health, but their roles in skin photoaging remain insufficiently defined. Qiongyu Gao (QYG), a classical food–medicine homologo...
Neurodegenerative diseases are a common late-life scourge for which diseasemodifying treatments are sorely needed. Mitochondrial perturbation is commonly observed in these diseases, so pursuing treatment development strategies that target mitochondri...
Oxidative stress is a defining and pervasive driver of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As a molecular accelerant, reactive oxygen species (...
Biomarker discovery and implementation are at the forefront of the precision medicine movement. Modern advances in the field of metabolomics afford the opportunity to readily identify new metabolite biomarkers across a wide array of disciplines. Many...
Based on the knowledge that many diseases are caused by defects in the metabolism of the cells and, in particular, in defects of the mitochondria, mitochondrial medicine starts precisely at this point. This new form of therapy is used in numerous fie...
Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) accounts for approximately 75% of all renal cancers. The prognosis for patients with metastatic KIRC is poor, with less than 10% surviving five years after diagnosis. Inner membrane mitochondrial protein (IMMT...
Multi-factorial mitochondrial damage exhibits a “vicious circle” that leads to a progression of mitochondrial dysfunction and multi-organ adverse effects. Mitochondrial impairments (mitochondriopathies) are associated with severe pathologies includin...
Background: Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) hold transformative potential for cardiovascular regenerative medicine, yet their clinical application is hindered by suboptimal mitochondrial maturation and metabolic ineffi...
Mitochondrial disorders are a remarkably complex group of diseases caused by impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (or electron transport chain) [...]
We carried out live-cell real-time fluorescence imaging to follow the effects of genetic (siRNA) knockdown (KD) of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on mitochondrial biogenesis and adipogenesis in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). We repor...
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) play a dual role in retinal physiology, acting as essential redox signalling mediators under homeostatic conditions but driving oxidative damage and neurodegeneration once regulatory thresholds are exceed...
Melatonin has evolved from its classical role as a pineal-derived circadian regulator to a molecule increasingly recognized for its mitochondrial and cytoprotective functions. This review examines the molecular mechanisms and translational implicatio...
Objectives: Meconopsis integrifolia (M. integrifolia) is one of the most popular members in Traditional Tibetan Medicine. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of M. integrifolia and to detect the underlying mechanisms of these effect...
Precision medicine is envisioned as the future of cardiovascular healthcare, offering a more tailored and effective method for managing cardiovascular diseases compared to the traditional one-size-fits-all approaches. The complex role of oxidative st...
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a group of severe genetic disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear or mitochondrial genome encoding proteins involved in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. MDs have a wide range of symptoms, ranging fr...
Background: Recent clinical reports have described perioperative neurologic complications including delayed emergence, encephalopathy, seizures, basal ganglia injury, and death following general anesthesia in otherwise healthy pediatric and adult pat...
Recently, it was proposed that the thiophene ring is capable of promoting mitochondrial accumulation when linked to fluorescent markers. As a noncharged group, thiophene presents several advantages from a synthetic point of view, making it easier to...
The escalating elderly population worldwide has prompted a surge of interest in longevity medicine. Its goal is to interfere with the speed of ageing by slowing it down or even reversing its accompanying effects. As a field, it is rapidly growing and...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognized as a mechanically driven whole-joint disease in which abnormal mechanotransduction initiates a cascade of mitochondrial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and progressive cartilage degeneration. Among th...
The interplay between socio-psychological factors and biological systems is pivotal in defining human health and disease, particularly in chronic non-communicable diseases. Recent advancements in psychoneuroimmunology and mitochondrial psychobiology...
In the human reproductive system, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as playing a vital role in mediating cell–cell communication. They are considered critical for embryo development, implantation, gamete interaction, and fertili...
The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) is a transmembrane protein complex critical for cellular energy metabolism, enabling the transport of pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria, where it fuels the citric acid cycle. By regulating this e...
Despite considerable breakthroughs in renoprotective medicines, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remain the predominant causes of end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular morbidity. Growing evidence shows that oxidativ...
Bipolar affective disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness characterized by recurrent episodes of mania, hypomania, and depression, accompanied by progressive neurobiological changes that go beyond the classical concepts of neurotransmitter dysregula...
Growth impairment is a clinical manifestation frequently observed in pediatric patients with cardiomyopathy associated with various inherited disorders, including RASopathies, lysosomal storage diseases, neuromuscular disorders, and metabolic conditi...
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) in children represent a heterogeneous group of rare but collectively significant disorders characterized by progressive neurological decline, developmental regression, and substantial morbidity and mortality. Unlike...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects approximately 10–25% of patients undergoing orthopedic procedures and is associated with impaired tissue healing, increased complication rates, and reduced responsiveness to orthobiologic therapies, inclu...
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) affects 1–3.7% of women and causes infertility and long-term morbidity. Next-generation sequencing has identified more than 130 POI-associated genes. The diagnostic yield of genetic testing depends on cohor...
Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering aim to restore or replace impaired organs and tissues using cell transplantation supported by scaffolds. Recently scientists are focusing on developing new biomaterials that optimize cellular attachment, m...
Reduced oxygen consumption (VO2), either due to insufficient oxygen delivery (DO2), microcirculatory hypoperfusion and/or mitochondrial dysfunction, has an impact on the adverse short- and long-term survival of patients after cardiac surgery. However...
Ophiocordyceps lanpingensis (O. lanpingensis) belongs to the genus Ophiocordyceps, which is often found in Yunnan Province, China. This species is pharmacologically important for the treatment of renal disorders induced by oxidative stress and an ina...
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), also known as Machado-Joseph disease, is the most common autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration for which no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved th...
Background: The mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISR) represents a fundamental cellular adaptation mechanism with dual protective and pathological roles. We critically analyzed current literature on ISR mechanisms, focusing on recent paradig...
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation has traditionally been investigated in the context of human evolution and rare mitochondrial diseases; however, growing evidence suggests that it may also contribute to susceptibility to common metabolic disorders....
Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a major dose-limiting complication of systemic anticancer therapy that adversely affects neurological function, treatment continuity, and long-term quality of life among cancer survivors. Chemotherapy-induced per...
Oxidative stress has emerged as an important component of the complex pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), where increasing evidence suggests an interaction between redox imbalance, immune activation, epithelial dysfunction, and chron...
Regulated cell death (RCD) has emerged as a fundamental determinant of cellular homeostasis and tissue remodeling, extending far beyond the classical concept of apoptosis. The identification of emerging RCD pathways, including ferroptosis, pyroptosis...
This study reports the first complete mitochondrial genome of the traditional medicinal and edible crop, D. opposita (493,268 bp, 45.67% GC). We annotated 39 unique protein-coding genes (PCGs), which included 24 core mitochondrial genes and 15 variab...
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, ALS, and Huntington’s, remain formidable challenges in medicine, with their relentless progression and limited therapeutic options. These diseases arise from a web of mol...
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) exhibits remarkable clinical heterogeneity, with substantial variability in motor progression, cognitive decline, and the development of non-motor manifestations. Although the propagation of pathological alp...
Background: Peperomia leptostachya is a herbaceous plant with significant medicinal value. To elucidate its mitochondrial genomic characteristics, this study conducted a systematic analysis. Methods: The mitochondrial genome of P. leptostachya w...
Mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA have important roles to play in development. In primordial germ cells, they progress from small numbers to populate the maturing oocyte with high numbers to support post-fertilization events. These processes take pl...
In the present study, we depicted the complete mitochondrial genome of a valuable medicinal plant, Vitex rotundifolia. The mitochondrial genome of V. rotundifolia, mapped as a circular molecule, spanned 380,980 bp in length and had a GC content of 45...
Plant mitochondrial genomes exhibit extensive size variability and structural complexity. Here, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of Trichopus zeylanicus, an endemic medicinal plant from the Western Ghats. The mitochondrial genome was assem...
Background: Leeches possess significant medicinal value as antithrombotic agents, and elucidating their population genetic background is of great importance for the conservation of medicinal germplasm resources and the development of pharmaceutical a...
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles, which generate energy as heat and ATP, the universal energy currency of the cell. This process is carried out by coupling electron stripping through oxidation of nutrient substrates with the formation of a pro...
Interest in tumor cell mitochondria as a pharmacological target has been rekindled in recent years. This attention is due in part to new publications documenting heterogenous characteristics of solid tumors, including anoxic and hypoxic zones that fo...
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