Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides) is highly palatable, ideal for grazing and hay production in the United States. It is deep rooted and resilient, tolerant of flooding and drought. Objectives of this study were to develop plant parameters for...
Autonomous driving is based on innovative technologies that have to ensure that vehicles are driven safely. LiDARs are one of the reference sensors for obstacle detection. However, this technology is affected by adverse weather conditions, especially...
This study focused on developing a novel semi-empirical model for maize’s light extinction coefficient (kp) by integrating multiple remotely sensed vegetation features from several different remote sensing platforms. The proposed kp model&rsquo...
There is a need to develop facile methods for the determination of UV light extinction characteristics of photocatalysts. For this task, a novel technique is proposed, applicable to dispersed photocatalyst processes of practical interest. The techniq...
Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the key biophysical variables required for crop modeling. Direct LAI measurements are time consuming and difficult to obtain for experimental and commercial fruit orchards. Devices used to estimate LAI have shown cons...
A series of cone calorimetry experiments and simultaneous gravimetric sampling and light extinction (GSLE) measurements were performed to determine the optical properties (light obscuration and extinction characteristics) of smoke particulates produc...
The leaf area index (LAI) is a crucial structural parameter of forest canopies. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) provides an alternative to passive optical sensors in the estimation of LAI from remotely sensed data. However, LiDAR-based LAI estima...
Reasonable dense planting is an important measure to increase crop yield per unit area and save resources. However, there is no unified view of the competition for photosynthetic radiation in different stratification structures of maize plants due to...
Determining the effect of irrigated and rainfed conditions on light interception, light extinction coefficient (k), radiation use efficiency (RUE), biomass, and storage root accumulation of cassava was the objective of this study. The field experimen...
In this study, we aimed to estimate dry matter (DM) production and fresh fruit yield in “Fresco-dash” (FD) and “Project X” (PX) cucumber cultivars using an empirical model developed for tomatoes. First, we cultivated the two c...
The yield potential of cassava might be increased by enhancing light interception and the ability to convert energy into biomass and yield, which is described as radiation use efficiency (RUE). The objective of this study was to determine light inter...
The quantity and quality of light captured by a plant’s canopy control many of its growth and development processes. However, light quality-related processes are not very well represented in most traditional and functional–structural crop...
The leaf area index (LAI), a valuable variable for assessing vine vigor, reflects nutrient concentrations in vineyards and assists in precise management, including fertilization, improving yield, quality, and vineyard uniformity. Although some vegeta...
The objective of this study was to investigate the growth and light-intercepting characteristics of tomatoes when movable benches are used in their cultivation. We cultivated tomatoes in a greenhouse (168 m2) during summer (9 July–9 September 2...
PM2.5 pollution and visibility impairment has attracted wild public attention in urban China during the past decade. Field observation was carried out in Tianjin, China, during heating (HP) and non-heating periods (NHP). The IMPROVE (Interagency Moni...
Leaf area index (LAI) and plant area index (PAI) are common and important biophysical parameters used to estimate agronomical variables such as canopy growth, light interception and water requirements of plants and trees. LAI can be either measured d...
Organic carbon (OC) accounts for a large fraction of particulate matter. Since many atmospheric organic compounds have different optical properties, it is difficult to determine the optical properties of OC accurately. In particular, hygroscopicity a...
Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) defines the productivity with which absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) is converted to plant biomass. Readily used in crop growth models to predict dry matter accumulation, RUE is commonly determined by...
We performed continuous long-term measurements of PM2.5 mass, comprehensive chemical composition, and optical properties, including scattering and absorption coefficients, from March 2011 to December 2020 at the Metropolitan Air Quality Research Cent...
Backscattered power data from the Doppler LIght Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) systems at the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) could be used to obtain the extinction coefficient of the troposphere by combining with the meteorological optical ran...
In this paper, we propose a novel city-scale distance sensing algorithm based on atmosphere optics. The suspended particles, especially in bad weather, would attenuate the light at almost all wavelengths. Observing this fact and starting from the lig...
Thermal diffusivity of GNPs (graphene nano-platelets) is an important thermo-physical property as it is useful to predict the material behavior in many heat transfer applications. GNP samples were pressed at different loads to obtain different densit...
Electromagnetic scattering is a routine tool for rapid, non-contact characterization of particle media. In previous work, the interaction targets of scattering intensity, scattering efficiency, and extinction efficiency of Bessel pincer light-sheet b...
Existing fire smoke detectors use the intensity of scattering light or the light extinction coefficient as the indicator of fire smoke to trigger fire alarms. However, false fire alarms could be triggered by dust and water fog. Achieving reliable ear...
The Central Plains Economic Region (CPER) is one of the most polluted regions in China. Air pollution has caused visibility degradation due to the light extinction of fine particles (PM2.5). However, the source of light extinction and visibility degr...
The performance of camera-based polarization sensors largely depends on the estimated model parameters obtained through calibration. Limited by manufacturing processes, the low extinction ratio and inconsistency of the polarizer can reduce the measur...
A kind of graphene-based perfect absorber which can generate low-threshold and high-extinction-ratio optical bistability in the near-IR band is proposed and simulated with numerical methods. The interaction between input light and monolayer graphene...
This study unveils an advanced methodology for characterizing various types of cow’s milk based on their optical properties, aiming to establish a straightforward yet comprehensive method. This study uses fundamental principles such as Snell&rs...
Grain yield was greatly increased during the genetic improvement of japonica inbred rice since the 1980s in Jiangsu, east China; thus, an improved plant morphology should be expected, considering that plant morphology is a decisive factor determining...
Based on theoretical analysis and numerical calculations, this study systematically investigated the changes in rice tillering dynamics and the simulation of stem tiller growth during the tillering stage using the farm water level as a regulation ind...
Few airborne aerosol research experiments have deployed N2-Raman Lidar despite its capability to retrieve aerosol optical properties without ambiguity. Here, we show the high scientific potential of this instrument when used with specific flight plan...
Based on a finite-difference time-domain method, we revisited the light field intensification in optical films due to defects with different geometries. It was found that defect can induce the local light intensification in optical films and the sphe...
Polymerization photoinitiators that can be activated under low light intensity and in the visible range are being pursued by both the academic and industrial communities. To efficiently harvest light and initiate a polymerization process, dyes with h...
This work presents a hybrid optical fiber detector by combining the sensing mechanism of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and the light extinction method to enable the simultaneous measurement of dust concentration and temperature. Compared with the exi...
Vertical profiles of particulates were measured in Macao by using a 355 nm Mie scattering lidar during a dust event. A high energy pulse laser was employed as the light source to detect the extinction coefficient in the atmosphere. The extinction pro...
This paper presents the results of investigations of optical scattering phenomena in porous silica films. SiO2 films were prepared by the sol-gel method and deposited on polished silicon wafers by the dip-coating technique. Fabricated films were stud...
LED (light-emitting diode)-lidar (light detection and ranging) has gradually been focused on by researchers because of its characteristics of low power, high stability, and safety to human eyes. However, LED-lidar systems are easily disturbed by back...
Understanding aerosol chemical components’ roles in light extinction is critical for air quality management and climate mitigation. This study compared PM1 optical properties and chemical compositions in Shanghai (southern China) and Dezhou (no...
This paper focuses on the coupling relationships between the optical constants (n: refractive index; k: extinction coefficient) and Mueller matrix elements, as well as between the morphological parameters (σ: root mean square roughness; τ:...
For a long time, wind speed profile measurement has been the primary task of weather forecasting. Therefore, the detection of atmospheric wind speed is extremely important for studying the changes in atmospheric motion. In order to solve the problems...
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the yield of different types of cucumbers from the perspective of yield components. The yield and yield components of nine cucumber cultivars (Beit Alpha, Greenhouse, and Japanese) grown hydroponically in...
Haze removal is an ill-posed problem that has attracted much scientific interest due to its various practical applications. Existing methods are usually founded upon various priors; consequently, they demonstrate poor performance in circumstances in...
A multi-spectral diffuse reflectance imaging method based on a single snap shot of Red-Green-Blue images acquired with the exposure time of 65 ms (15 fps) was investigated for estimating melanin concentration, blood concentration, and oxygen saturati...
Fluorescent probes offer great potential to identify and treat surgical tumors by clinicians. To this end, several molecular probes were examined as in vitro and in vivo bioimaging probes. However, due to their ultra-low extinction coefficients as we...
In this paper, we propose a polarization-independent optoelectronic modulator based on the electrical absorption effect of graphene. Firstly, we use the simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics to design the structure, and find via changing the applie...
In this work, the amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC) with low cost and high extinction coefficient was used as the light absorption layer of solar cells, and the photonic crystal (PC) structure and defect structure were introduced. By optimizing the s...
Studies of traits related to nitrogen (N)-use efficiency (NUE) in wheat cultivars are important for breeding N-efficient cultivars. Canopy structure has a major effect on NUE, as it determines the distribution of light and N. However, the mechanism b...
In this study, the sensitivity of the optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols, especially humic-like substances (HULIS), are investigated based on a one-year measurement of ambient fine atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) at a Global Atmospher...
The manipulation of composition and pressure, which affect the structure and, as a result, lead to new desired properties, is particularly significant for optimizing device performance. By considering the importance of pressure treatment, this study...
Even though numerous organic dyes which are used as photoinitiators/photocatalysts during photopolymerization have been systematically investigated and collected in previous reviews, further designs of these chromophores and the developments in high-...
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