5,028 Results Found

High-density planting is an effective technique to optimize yields of mulched cotton. On the other hand, deficit irrigation is an emerging water-saving strategy in cotton cultivation, especially suitable for arid and water-scarce areas. However, the...

Practical applications and mathematical modelling of the physical and mechanical properties of medium-density rigid polyurethane foams require knowledge of their structure. It is necessary to determine structural characteristics without destroying th...

Planting density and N fertilizer application amount directly affect the planting quality of maize. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of these two factors on light energy utilization and yield. The field experiment was carried out with Xinyu...

Nighttime light imagery provides a perspective for studying urbanization and socioeconomic changes. Traditional global regression models have been applied to explore the nonspatial relationship between nighttime lights and population density. In this...

Global digitization affects all sectors, including construction. Indeed, 3D scanning and digital photogrammetry methods are increasingly being used to obtain 3D data of buildings. The data obtained by these methods are a cloud of points, and our rese...

Constant darkness and constant light exposure often disturb the circadian rhythm in the behavior and energy metabolism of vertebrates. Melatonin is known as the hormonal mediator of photoperiodic information to the central nervous system and plays a...

Light is a critical component of indoor plant cultivation, as different wavelengths can influence both the physiology and morphology of plants. Furthermore, fertilization and seeding density can also potentially interact with the light recipe to affe...

A random anisotropic hollow scatterer is discussed and the far-zone characteristics of scalar light waves scattered by this type of medium are theoretically analyzed. The results show that the scattered far-zone spectral density distributions have in...

We provide a detailed analytical calculation of the Brillouin light scattering (BLS) intensity of a layer on a substrate, taking into account both photoelastic and moving boundary (ripple effect) mechanisms, and give a comparison between BLS intensit...

The light-sensitive explosive (silver acetylide–silver nitrate, SASN) sprayed on structural surfaces can be synchronously initiated by intense pulsed flash, thereby simulating cold X-ray blow-off events characterized by thermal–mechanical...

Fe–doped titanium dioxide–carbonized medium–density fiberboard (Fe/TiO2–cMDF) was evaluated for the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under a Blue (450 nm) light emitting diode (LED) module (6 W) and commercial LED (450 nm + 570 nm) bulbs (8 W,...

Context: Optimizing nitrogen application and planting density is critical for achieving high yields and increasing lodging resistance in crops. However, the agronomic mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unclear. Objectives: This study aimed t...

We report a theoretical investigation of the influence of Cu doping into TiO2 with various concentrations on crystal structure, stability, electronic structures and optical absorption coefficient using density functional theory via the hybrid formali...

Nighttime light (NTL) data are increasingly used in urban studies and urban planning owing to their strong connection with human activities, although the detection capacity is limited by the spatial resolution of older data. In the present study, we...

Modification of the cotton canopy results in shade avoidance and competition for light, which shows that density and spatial arrangement of cotton have a great impact on light interception. This experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in the experi...

The prolonged retention of senescent branches and needles (canopy litter) in Cunninghamia lanceolata canopies is an evolutionary adaptation, yet its impacts on stand microenvironment and understory succession remain poorly quantified. To address this...

This paper presents a density-based traffic light signal system that performs timing signal that changes automatically based on the amount of traffic at each of its intersections. However, as traffic congestion is a pertinent problem on all of Ahmadu...

Although the lab-on-a-chip system has been successfully applied in a wide variety of fields, the goal of achieving a cell counter with simple operation, low cost, and high accuracy still attracts continuous research efforts. In this paper, the author...

Mango productivity and fruit quality in Australia can be improved through transforming low-density plantings to high-density plantings and intensive training systems. Several planting density and training systems were established in Australia to inve...

To achieve high-density tomato seedlings in a plant factory with artificial lighting, tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. “Zhongza NO.9”) were used as the experimental material. This study expected to analyze the effects of light int...

The approaching legalisation and associated increasing demand for medicinal and recreational Cannabis sativa L. will lead to a growing relevance for lighting systems designed for Cannabis sativa L. The interplay between plant density, light spectrum,...

Lighting studies that take into account the age of the inhabitants of an area and are related to circadian light are difficult to find. This study aims to simplify a method to approximately compute the circadian light reaching the retina based on pho...

Maize (Zea mays L.) is usually planted at high density, so most of its leaves grow in low light. Certain morphological and physiological traits improve leaf photosynthetic capacity under low light, but how light absorption, transmission, and transpor...

Dwarf tomatoes are advantageous when cultivated in a plant factory with artificial light because they can grow well in a small volume. However, few studies have been reported on cultivation in a controlled environment for improving productivity. We p...

One of the world’s challenges is the amount of traffic on the roads. Waiting for the green light is a major cause of traffic congestion. Low throughput rates and eventual congestion come from many traffic signals that are hard coded, irrespecti...

Indoor production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is influenced by light spectrum, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), and the photoperiod. To investigate the effects of different lighting on growth, chlorophyll content, and secondary metabolis...

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a vital crop for the global supply of protein and oil, with its growth and development being regulated by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, particularly light and hormone signaling. The Small Auxin-Up R...

Optimizing the spatial distribution of plants under normal conditions of water and fertilizer is widely used by farmers to improve soybean yield. However, the relationship between soybean yield and spatial plant distribution in the field has not been...

Speed breeding represents a pivotal technology for enhancing crop breeding efficiency. This study systematically examined the regulation of LED light environments, planting density, and gibberellic acid (GA3) on rice growth cycle progression in plant...

The production of duckweed (Lemnaceae) as a novel protein source could make a valuable contribution to human nutrition. The greatly reduced habitus of duckweed enables simple cultivation with extremely low space requirements, making this free-floatin...

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of different photon flux density (PFD) and light-emitting diodes (LED) wavelengths on strawberry Colletotrichum acutatum growth characteristics. The C. acutatum growth characteristics under the blue 450 nm (B),...

Blue and red light are essential light signals used to regulate stomatal development and leaf structure. In the present study, stomatal and leaf traits that respond to blue and red light were studied at two light intensities (400 and 100 µmol m...

The low efficiency of light and nitrogen resources, poor yield and profit, and environmental pollution of maize production are main problems in many areas of China. We hypothesized that optimizing nitrogen fertilizer density management strategies cou...

Vertical farming is gaining popularity as a sustainable solution to global food demand, particularly in urban areas where space is limited. However, optimizing key factors such as planting density remains a critical issue, as it directly affects ligh...

The study is focused on ultra-light foam concrete (FC) aimed as a thermal insulation material. Two important properties of such material were investigated: compressive strength and thermal conductivity. In the conducted tests, the influence of the ai...

This study was conducted to compare the effects of broad spectrum during the whole seedling period and photon flux density (PFD) in the healing stage on the growth and energy use efficiency of grafted tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplant...

Si-based photonics has garnered considerable attention as a future device for complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) computing. However, few studies have investigated Si-based light sources highly compatible with Si ultra large-sc...

An active process of the invasion of woody vegetation, resulting in the formation of light forests, has been observed in predominantly herbaceous small dry valleys of the forest-steppe uplands of the East European Plain over the past two decades. Thi...

Soils of parks and recreational areas are potential sinks of microplastics because they are under multifunctional use. The aims of this research were to quantify and determine the types and abundance of light-density microplastics in one of the most...

Light can regulate leaf stomatal development and movement, but the effects of different red-to-blue light mass ratios on leaf stomatal morphology and openness are not fully understood. In this trial, five different red-to-blue light (R:B) ratio treat...

Changes in stomatal conductance and density allow plants to acclimate to changing environmental conditions. In the present paper, the influence of atmospheric CO2 concentration and light intensity on stomata were investigated for two barley genotypes...

This paper is related to light pollution and the energy efficiency of outdoor amenity lighting. It concerns the standard design assessment parameters of light pollution, the Upward Light Ratio (ULR) and Upward Flux Ratio (UFR), and the classic energy...

Optimizing planting density is crucial for balancing resource competition, light penetration, and tree productivity in orchard systems. This study investigateed the impact of planting density on the yield and fruit quality of the hazelnut cultivar &l...

Although the catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) to produce light olefin has shown potential industrial application advantages, it has generally suffered when using higher pyrolysis temperatures. In this work, Mg-modified Fe-ZSM-5...

Microplastics (MPs) constitute a known, undesirable contaminant of the ecosystems. Land-based pollution is considered to be an important contributor, but microplastics in the terrestrial environment remains largely unquantified. Some agriculture prac...

A tunable LED panel with multiple types of LEDs on a panel can provide various spectra for optimal plant growth. However, it is difficult for a lighting panel with multiple types of high-power LEDs to achieve uniform lighting. We demonstrated that by...

Research has increasingly been conducted to improve the toughness and aesthetics of zirconium oxide (zirconia) used in prosthetic dentistry. However, the balance between better mechanical properties and greater translucency, to ensure aesthetic requi...

The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of crop canopy is highly related to yield formation, but how it relates to yield and yield distribution is not well understood. The focus of this study was to explore the relationship between light compet...

Apodization is a well-known method designed to control the propagation of light in photonic crystals (PCs) and has a variety of applications. Apodization involves modulating the depth of refractive index variation in PCs. In this work, we considered...

The detailed information about the spatial distribution of the population is crucial for analyzing economic growth, environmental change, and natural disaster damage. Using the nighttime light (NTL) imagery for population estimation has been a topic...