The success of regenerative biomaterials depends not simply on biocompatibility but also on their ability to direct coordinated interactions between immune and stromal compartments that ultimately determine tissue repair, integration, or fibrosis. Ra...
Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have shown impressive clinical success against haematological malignancies such as B cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, their efficacy against non-haematological solid malignancies has be...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles that mediate intercellular communication in the immune system by transferring proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Their biocompatibility, nanoscale size, and capacity for cell-type-sel...
Although the use of porous scaffolds in tissue engineering has been relatively successful, there are still many limitations that need to be addressed, such as low vascularization, low oxygen and nutrient levels, and immune-induced inflammation. As a...
The skeletal and immune systems are intricately linked, forming a dynamic interface that regulates both bone homeostasis and immune function. This bidirectional relationship, central to the field of osteoimmunology, highlights how bone and immune cel...
Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based cell products and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived regenerative grafts increasingly use multilayer immune engineering. Current strategies are strongest against direct human leukocyte antige...
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique landscape that poses several physical, biochemical, and immune barriers to anti-cancer therapies. The rapidly evolving field of immuno-engineering provides new opportunities to dismantle the tumor immune m...
Lung-on-a-chip (LOC) models are increasingly used to study pulmonary disease, yet most platforms are still judged primarily by structural fidelity rather than immune function. Here, we review the emergence of immunocompetent LOCs and propose a functi...
Delayed healing of traumatic wounds often stems from a dysregulated immune response initiated or exacerbated by existing comorbidities, multiple tissue injury or wound contamination. Over decades, approaches towards alleviating wound inflammation hav...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in hematologic malignancies, and its development is being actively pursued across a broad range of cancer types. However, current CAR-T cell therapies rely on ex vivo engi...
The immune plasma algorithm (IP algorithm or IPA) is one of the most recent meta-heuristic techniques and models the fundamental steps of immune or convalescent plasma treatment, attracting researchers’ attention once more with the COVID-19 pan...
Regenerative cardiology has bifurcated into true remuscularization and host-response engineering. The first uses pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes or engineered heart muscle to achieve durable contractile replacement; the second comprises...
Background/Objectives: Curcumin possesses antineoplastic and immunomodulatory activities. However, poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, rapid conjugative metabolism, and limited systemic exposure restrict meaningful concentrations within tu...
Re-education of the tumor microenvironment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has provided the most significant advancement in cancer management, with impressive efficacy and durable response reported. However, low response rates and a high freq...
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of certain hematologic malignancies, yet its success in solid tumors has been limited by antigen heterogeneity, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and barriers...
For nearly three decades, chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have captivated the interest of researchers seeking to find novel immunotherapies to treat cancer. CARs were first designed to work with T cells, and the first CAR T cell therapy was approve...
In cancer immunotherapy, immune cells are the main force for tumor eradication. However, they appear to be dysfunctional due to the taming of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Recently, many materials-engineered strategies are proposed to...
Tendon injuries are at the frontier of innovative approaches to public health concerns and sectoral policy objectives. Indeed, these injuries remain difficult to manage due to tendon’s poor healing ability ascribable to a hypo-cellularity and l...
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has led construction companies to prioritize the intelligent and optimal scheduling of human resources in construction projects to reduce costs. This study addresses the problem of heterogeneity in human resource...
Agricultural systems face mounting pressures from climate change, as rising temperatures, elevated CO2, and shifting precipitation patterns intensify plant disease outbreaks worldwide. Conventional strategies, such as breeding for resistance, pestici...
The immune system has a crucial role in skin wound healing and the application of specific cell-laden immunomodulating biomaterials emerged as a possible treatment option to drive skin tissue regeneration. Cell-laden tissue-engineered skin substitute...
Cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system to attack tumors. However, its effectiveness is often hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), where a complex interplay of tumor, stromal...
Synovial sarcoma (SyS) is a rare aggressive soft tissue sarcoma carrying the chromosomal translocation t(X;18), encoding the fusion transcript SS18::SSX. The fusion oncoprotein interacts with both BAF enhancer complexes and polycomb repressor complex...
Measles virus (MeV) preferentially replicates in malignant cells, leading to tumor lysis and priming of antitumor immunity. Live attenuated MeV vaccine strains are therefore under investigation as cancer therapeutics. The versatile MeV reverse geneti...
Conventional immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, has revolutionized cancer therapy over the past decade. Yet, the efficacy of these therapies is limited by tumor resistance, antigen escape...
CRISPR-Cas systems are best known as adaptive immune defenses in prokaryotes, but they also function as versatile regulators bridging bacterial immunity with host-related processes. Beyond neutralizing invasive phages and plasmids, these systems infl...
The innate immune system evolved to detect and react against potential dangers such as bacteria, viruses, and environmental particles. The advent of modern technology has exposed innate immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cell...
In the dynamic landscape of tissue engineering, the integration of tissue-engineered constructs (TECs) faces a dual challenge—initiating beneficial inflammation for regeneration while avoiding the perils of prolonged immune activation. As TECs encoun...
Heart disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, necessitating the development of in vivo models for therapeutic development. Advances in biomedical engineering in the past decade have led to the promising rise of human-bas...
Pancreatic β-cell replacement represents a promising therapeutic avenue for insulin-dependent diabetes, yet clinical translation has been limited by donor scarcity, immune rejection, and incomplete engraftment. Three-dimensional (3D) pancreatic...
As one of the primary fatal diseases globally, cancer represents a severe threat to human health because of its high incidence and fatality rates. While traditional treatments including surgery, radiation, and conventional pharmacotherapy demonstrate...
Ex vivo gene therapy using retrievable encapsulated cellular implants is an effective strategy for the local and/or chronic delivery of therapeutic proteins. In particular, it is considered an innovative approach to modulate the activity of the immun...
Mining machines operate in harsh, variable and production-critical environments where dust, vibration, heat, uneven loading and continuous operation accelerate degradation. Recent mining maintenance research has advanced sensor-based monitoring, cybe...
Cancer immunotherapies, while promising and occasionally even curative, encounter numerous hurdles within the tumor microenvironment that hinder their efficacy [...]
Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes that offer great potential for cancer immunotherapy due to their natural anti-tumor activity and the possibility to safely transplant cells from healthy donors to patients in a clinical setting. H...
Oncolytic bacteria are a classification of bacteria with a natural ability to specifically target solid tumors and, in the process, stimulate a potent immune response. Currently, these include species of Klebsiella, Listeria, Mycobacteria, Streptococ...
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are increasingly viewed not only as tumor-lysing agents but also as immunotherapeutic platforms capable of functioning as in situ cancer vaccines. By selectively infecting malignant cells, inducing immunogenic cell death, rele...
Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are central to effector-triggered immunity (ETI), but the rapid expansion of structural data has outpaced an integrated explanation of how receptor architecture, oligomerizat...
Ex vivo hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy strategies have proved effective for the treatment of various diseases, with recent advances leading to the clinical approval of several cell products. To overcome issues associated with the cost and...
Intracellular bacterial infections represent a major therapeutic challenge due to the ability of pathogens to persist within host cells, evade host immune surveillance and exhibit reduced susceptibility to conventional antibiotics. Consequently, thes...
Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved clinical outcomes, most patients do not respond to treatment or fail t...
Non-targeted persistent immune activation or suppression by different drug delivery platforms can cause adverse and chronic physiological effects including cancer and arthritis. Therefore, non-toxic materials that do not trigger an immunogenic respon...
Multiscale interface engineering has influenced the engineering of orthopedic and dental implants through the integration of macroscale architecture, micro-textured surfaces and nanoscale bio-cues. These characteristics help to increase mechanical st...
Many essential biological processes are triggered by the proximity of molecules. Meanwhile, diverse approaches in synthetic biology, such as new biological parts or engineered cells, have opened up avenues to precisely control the proximity of molecu...
Tumor cells actively incorporate molecules (e.g., proteins, lipids, RNA) into particles named extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several groups have demonstrated that EVs can be transferred to target (recipient) cells, making EVs an important means of int...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer-enclosed bodies secreted by all cell types. EVs carry bioactive materials, such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and nucleic acids, to communicate and elicit functional alterations and phenotypic change...
Hydrogel-enabled adoptive cell therapy (ACT) offers a localized and controllable strategy for improving cellular immunotherapy in solid tumors. Hydrogels can enhance cell retention and persistence, support immune cell function within the tumor microe...
Living organisms in nature, such as magnetotactic bacteria and eggs, generate various organic–inorganic hybrid materials, providing unique functionalities. Inspired by such natural hybrid materials, researchers can reasonably integrate biomater...
Approximately 70 million humans worldwide are affected by chronic hepatitis D, which rapidly leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma due to chronic inflammation. The triggers and consequences of this chronic inflammation, induced by co-...
Joint diseases represent a significant health burden due to their high prevalence and morbidity, yet current treatments fail to provide comprehensive and long-term relief for all patients. In this context, adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy ha...
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