Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy

A Special Issue of Gels (ISSN 2310-2861) belonging to the section "Gel Chemistry and Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2026 | Viewed by 4564

Editor

School of Chemistry, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
Interests: biomaterials; nano-bio interface; immune regulation; drug delivery; gels

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer remains a major challenge in modern medicine, demanding continuous innovation in therapeutic strategies. Conventional treatments often suffer from systemic toxicity, limited bioavailability, and poor targeting efficiency. In this context, gel-based materials, such as hydrogels, nanogels, and injectable in situ forming gels, have emerged as a revolutionary platform with unparalleled potential to overcome these hurdles. Their unique properties, such as tunable physicochemical characteristics, and responsive behavior to biological stimuli (e.g., pH, enzymes, temperature), enable precise spatial and temporal control over therapeutic delivery.

This Special Issue, titled, “Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy”, is dedicated to capturing the cutting-edge progress at the intersection of materials science, chemistry, biology, and oncology. We aim to compile a collection of research that bridges fundamental understanding with translational application. The scope extends from the rational design and synthesis of gel systems to a deep investigation of their interactions within the complex tumor microenvironment. Key areas of interest include but are not limited to the following: engineered gels for targeted drug, gene, or immunotherapy delivery; stimulus-responsive systems for on-demand release; multifunctional platforms combining diagnosis and therapy (theranostics); and gels designed as immunomodulatory scaffolds or for post-surgical treatment.

We invite contributions that address the fundamental structure–property–performance relationships of these materials, employing advanced characterization, modeling, and both in vitro and in vivo studies. By fostering an interdisciplinary dialogue, this Special Issue seeks to elucidate how precise control over gel chemistry, architecture, and dynamics can dictate biological outcomes. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive resource that not only highlights current breakthroughs but also stimulates novel ideas and collaborative efforts to accelerate the development of next-generation, effective, and safe gel-based therapies for cancer.

Dr. Mengyu Guo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • gel-based materials
  • cancer therapy
  • drug delivery
  • synthesis and characterization
  • stimuli-responsive
  • immunotherapy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1608 KB  
Article
Performance Improvement of the Acrylic Acid–Polyvinyl Alcohol Gel Dosimeter with an Organic Additive for Radiation Oncology Applications
by Belal Moftah, Khalid A. Rabaeh, Akram A. Moussa, Abdullah S. Bani Issa and Md A. Al Kafi
Gels 2026, 12(2), 176; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels12020176 - 17 Feb 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 834
Abstract
This study reports the first preparation and characterization of an acrylic acid–glucose–polyvinyl alcohol (ACAGLPVA) polymer gel dosimeter incorporating glucose as an organic additive for radiation oncology applications. Five formulations with glucose concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 25, and 30 wt% were irradiated using [...] Read more.
This study reports the first preparation and characterization of an acrylic acid–glucose–polyvinyl alcohol (ACAGLPVA) polymer gel dosimeter incorporating glucose as an organic additive for radiation oncology applications. Five formulations with glucose concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 25, and 30 wt% were irradiated using a 6-MV photon beam at doses of 0–60 Gy, and the transverse relaxation rate (R2) was measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry. The optimal formulation (25 wt% glucose) demonstrated an excellent linear dose response between 0 and 30 Gy (R2 = 0.9979) with a sensitivity of 0.177 s−1 Gy−1, followed by a non-linear response at 30–60 Gy. The dosimeter exhibited dose rate independence (200–600 cGy/min), energy independence (6–15 MV), temperature independence (5–35 °C), and post-irradiation stability for at least 7 days. These characteristics demonstrate the potential of ACAGLPVA gel dosimeters for accurate three-dimensional dose verification in modern radiotherapy applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy)
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Review

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22 pages, 1020 KB  
Review
Cell-Type-Tailored Hydrogels for Adoptive Cell Therapy in Cancer
by Jin Hak Shin, Yeonju Song and Jeehun Park
Gels 2026, 12(8), 678; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels12080678 - 1 Aug 2026
Viewed by 587
Abstract
Hydrogel-enabled adoptive cell therapy (ACT) offers a localized and controllable strategy for improving cellular immunotherapy in solid tumors. Hydrogels can enhance cell retention and persistence, support immune cell function within the tumor microenvironment, and reduce systemic toxicity associated with broadly delivered immune stimulants. [...] Read more.
Hydrogel-enabled adoptive cell therapy (ACT) offers a localized and controllable strategy for improving cellular immunotherapy in solid tumors. Hydrogels can enhance cell retention and persistence, support immune cell function within the tumor microenvironment, and reduce systemic toxicity associated with broadly delivered immune stimulants. However, delivery of living immune cells imposes practical constraints on hydrogel selection, including cytocompatible encapsulation, minimal handling and injection stress, adequate transport of oxygen and soluble cues, and an appropriate balance between local retention and timely cell egress. This review summarizes natural, synthetic, and hybrid hydrogel platforms and compares physical/supramolecular assembly, covalent and enzymatic crosslinking, and photo-crosslinking. Injectable in situ-forming depots and shear-thinning/self-healing gels are highlighted for locoregional administration. Key design and reporting dimensions of hydrogels are linked to immune cell outcomes relevant to ACT. These properties include mechanics and viscoelasticity, porosity and mass transport, degradability and remodeling, bioadhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicry, and immunogenicity versus immune shielding. Finally, a cell-type-tailored framework is presented for chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T), T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T), and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) products, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) or macrophage/monocyte-derived effectors. Distinct biological requirements are used to motivate corresponding material architectures and cue presentation strategies. The review also provides quantitative reporting guidance, identifies evidence gaps for γδ T cells, and discusses in vivo validation, combination ACT strategies, and translational handling constraints. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy)
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30 pages, 24688 KB  
Review
Recent Advancements in Sodium Alginate-Based Hydrogels Combined with Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biological Applications: A Review
by Kun Fang, Pei Li, Xiangrui Huang, Hanbing Wang and Yihan Li
Gels 2026, 12(6), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels12060508 - 8 Jun 2026
Viewed by 679
Abstract
The emergence of organic–inorganic hybrid composites integrating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with polymers has been an important advancement in modern biological research. Among these systems, magnetic sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels (MSABHs), produced by embedding MNPs within an SA framework, exhibit remarkable potential for biomedical [...] Read more.
The emergence of organic–inorganic hybrid composites integrating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with polymers has been an important advancement in modern biological research. Among these systems, magnetic sodium alginate (SA)-based hydrogels (MSABHs), produced by embedding MNPs within an SA framework, exhibit remarkable potential for biomedical applications owing to their high biocompatibility, rapid magnetic response, controllable spatiotemporal behavior, and remote, non-invasive operation. Under the influence of an alternating magnetic field (AMF), MSABHs can exhibit various responses, including deformation, motion, and thermal generation, which are highly valuable for diagnostic and therapeutic medical applications. This review first outlines the key studies on SA and MNPs, along with the various synthesis routes used to fabricate MSABHs. Subsequently, the discussion primarily focuses on their versatile biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery, thermotherapy, imaging, and micro-robotics, followed by an evaluation of current challenges and prospects for future improvement. Through this comprehensive examination and synthesis, the review aims to further reveal the full potential of MSABHs and broaden their applications in the biological domain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy)
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50 pages, 1763 KB  
Review
Next-Generation Hydrogels Integrating Natural Antioxidants and Microbiome Modulators for Improved Cancer Management
by Camelia Munteanu, Eftimia Prifti, Larisa Achim, Ciprian Nicolae Silaghi and Sorin Marian Mârza
Gels 2026, 12(3), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels12030249 - 16 Mar 2026
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1942
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, and current treatments are often limited by toxicity and resistance. Emerging research highlights the crucial roles played by gut microbiome dysbiosis and oxidative stress in cancer development and treatment response. Through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and [...] Read more.
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, and current treatments are often limited by toxicity and resistance. Emerging research highlights the crucial roles played by gut microbiome dysbiosis and oxidative stress in cancer development and treatment response. Through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, natural antioxidants such as resveratrol, along with microbiome modulators like probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, offer promising therapeutic benefits. However, issues such as low bioavailability, instability, and challenges related to targeted delivery hinder the clinical translation of these bioactive compounds. Next-generation hydrogels have emerged as adaptable platforms capable of delivering and protecting these agents in a site-specific and controlled manner. This review summarizes the design and synthesis of multifunctional hydrogels incorporating natural antioxidants and microbiome modulators for cancer therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Gel-Based Materials for Cancer Therapy)
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