Recent advances in cell and tissue engineering have enabled long-term three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cultures of human-derived neuronal tissues. Analogous two-dimensional (2D) tissue cultures have been used for decades in combination with substrate...
The concepts of transistor recording of electroactive cells are considered, when the response is determined by a current-induced voltage in the electrolyte due to cellular activity. The relationship to traditional transistor recording, with an interf...
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires a precise localization, which is especially difficult at the hypothalamus, because it is usually performed in anesthetized patients. We aimed to characterize the neurophysiological properties posteromedial hypoth...
We present an AC-coupled modular 16-channel analog frontend with 1.774 fJ/c-s∙mm2 energy- and area-product for a multichannel recording of broadband neural signals including local field potentials (LFPs) and extracellular action potentials (EAPs). To...
Salmonella can form biofilms that contribute to its resistance in food processing environments. Biofilms are a dense population of cells that adhere to the surface, creating a matrix composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) consisting mai...
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that affects nearly 3.41 million people globally, with 90% of the cases affecting women of childbearing age. SLE is a complex disease due to the interplay of various immunologic...
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires precise localization, which is especially difficult at the thalamus, and even more difficult in anesthetized patients. We aimed to characterize the neurophysiological properties of the ventral intermediate (V.im)...
Several factors can contribute to neuroinflammatory disorders, such as cytokine and chemokines that are produced and released from peripherally derived immune cells or from locally activated cells such as microglia and perivascular macrophages in the...
The changes in cardiomyocyte action potentials are related to variations in intra- and extracellular ion concentrations. Abnormal ion concentrations can lead to irregular action potentials, subsequently affecting wave propagation in myocardial tissue...
Magnesium ions have many cellular actions including the suppression of the excitability of neurons; however, the depolarization effect of magnesium ions seems to be contradictory. Thus several hypotheses have aimed to explain this effect. In this stu...
Action potentials in myelinated neurons happen only at specialized locations of the axons known as the nodes of Ranvier. The shapes, timings, and propagation speeds of these action potentials are controlled by biochemical interactions among neurons,...
Gelsolin, an actin-depolymerizing protein expressed both in extracellular fluids and in the cytoplasm of a majority of human cells, has been recently implicated in a variety of both physiological and pathological processes. Its extracellular isoform,...
Extracellular vesicles provide cell-to-cell communication and have great potential for use as therapeutic carriers. This study was aimed at the development of an extracellular vesicle-based system for nucleic acid delivery. Three types of nanovesicle...
Vitamin A or retinol which is the natural precursor of several biologically active metabolites can be considered the most multifunctional vitamin in mammals. Its deficiency is currently, along with protein malnutrition, the most serious and common nu...
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease with poor prognosis because patients rarely express symptoms in initial stages, which prevents early detection and diagnosis. Syndecans, a subfamily of proteoglycans, are involved in many phy...
Insight into bacterial cellular composition and functions can be obtained by the application of metabolomics. Metabolomics enables comprehensive characterization of a set of low-molecular-weight compounds which are starting, intermediate, or end prod...
Neutrophil elastase (HNE), like other members of the so-called GASPIDs (Granule-Associated Serine Peptidases of Immune Defense), is activated during protein biosynthesis in myeloid precursors and stored enzymatically active in cytoplasmic granules of...
This article describes a new way to explore neuromorphic engineering, the biomimetic artificial neuron using microfluidic techniques. This new device could replace silicon neurons and solve the issues of biocompatibility and power consumption. The bi...
Evidence suggests that stem cells exert regenerative potential via the release of extracellular vesicles. Mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles (MSCEVs) offer therapeutic benefits for various pathophysiological ailments by restoring tissues. F...
The preparation of autologous platelet and extracellular vesicle-rich plasma (PVRP) has been explored in many medical fields with the aim to benefit from its healing potential. In parallel, efforts are being invested to understand the function and dy...
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), syndecan-4 (Sdc4) especially, have been suggested as potential partners of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) in kidney and cardiac fibrosis, metastatic cancer, neurodegeneration and coeliac disease. The proposed role for...
Current treatment of primary and secondary glomerulopathies is hampered by many limits and a significant proportion of these disorders still evolves towards end-stage renal disease. A possible answer to this unmet challenge could be represented by th...
Clinical studies have demonstrated the regenerative potential of stem cells for cardiac repair over the past decades, but their widespread use is limited by the poor tissue integration and survival obtained. Natural or synthetic hydrogels or microcar...
Intracellular alkalosis and extracellular acidosis are two pathological features associated with malignant cells. They offer advantages in terms of invasiveness and proliferation. Extracellular acidification is the consequence of intracellular metabo...
Secretory extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed microparticles that mediate cell to cell communication in proximity to, or distant from, the cell of origin. Cells release a heterogeneous spectrum of EVs depending on their physiologic and...
Biofilms are a spontaneously formed slimy matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) enveloping miniature bacterial colonies, which aid in pathogen colonization, shielding the bacteria from antibiotics, as well as imparting them resistance to...
Cathepsins are the most abundant lysosomal proteases that are mainly found in acidic
endo/lysosomal compartments where they play a vital role in intracellular protein degradation,
energy metabolism, and immune responses among a host of other functions....
We propose a deep learning-based spike sorting method for extracellular recordings. For analysis of extracellular single unit activity, the process of detecting and classifying action potentials called “spike sorting” has become essential...
Monomeric ubiquitin (Ub) is a 76-amino-acid highly conserved protein found in eukaryotes. The biological activity of Ub first described in the 1970s was extracellular, but it quickly gained relevance due to its intracellular role, i.e., post-translat...
The extracellular cell surface-associated and soluble heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is known to participate in the migration and invasion of tumor cells. Earlier, we demonstrated that plasma membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) b...
Over the past decade, research on urolithins has expanded significantly due to their role as mediators between polyphenol-rich diets and human health. Understanding the relationships between ellagitannin intake, gut microbiota composition, and urolit...
The evaluation of the use of extracellular vesicles (derived from different cellular sources and mammalian fluids) in regenerative medicine has produced interesting results. This includes their great potential for the treatment of chronic skin ulcers...
Proprioception of all animals is important in being able to have coordinated locomotion. Stretch activated ion channels (SACs) transduce the mechanical force into electrical signals in the proprioceptive sensory endings. The types of SACs vary among...
We have developed a computer model of human cardiac ventricular myocyte (CVM), including t-tubular and cleft spaces with the aim of evaluating the impact of accumulation-depletion of ions in restricted extracellular spaces on transmembrane ion transp...
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as innovative therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although their potential remains undisputed in pre...
Disease-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be generated from patients and differentiated into functional cardiomyocytes for characterization of the disease and for drug screening. In order to obtain pure cardiomyocytes for automated el...
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are biologically active substances secreted by MSCs into the extracellular matrix that play an immunomodulatory role in skin damage repair. To investigate the mechanism of MSC-EVs in redu...
After we identified pGlu-βGlu-Pro-NH2 as the first functional antagonist of the cholinergic central actions of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, pGlu-His-Pro-NH2), we became interested in finding the receptor-associated mechanism responsible fo...
Glucocorticoids (GCs) have revolutionized the treatment of multidisciplinary diseases. Recently, its role in severe infectious diseases has been revisited and discussed since the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research and discussions have focused more...
Plantar fasciitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the plantar fascia, leading to heel pain and reduced mobility. Affecting both athletic and non-athletic populations, it is a leading cause of foot-related medic...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membrane-encapsulated vesicles released by cells into the extracellular space. They play a crucial role in intercellular communication by transporting bioactive molecules such as proteins, lip...
Penicillium rubens strain 212 (PO212) acts as an inducer of systemic resistance in tomato plants. The effect of crude extracellular extracts of PO212 on the soil-borne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici has been evaluated. Evidence of the...
Several physiological processes, including cellular growth, embryonic development, differentiation, metabolism and proliferation, are modulated by genomic and nongenomic actions of thyroid hormones (TH). Several intracellular and extracellular candid...
Targeted protein degradation (TPD) has emerged as a revolutionary strategy for modulating protein function, offering a promising alternative to traditional small-molecule inhibitors. The distinctive mechanism of action in TPD has previously allowed r...
The performances of microelectrode arrays for neural interfaces strongly depend on electrode design. Due to a lack of simulation tools, electrode engineers often have to refine new designs empirically. This process requires setups of electrical and e...
Antimicrobial resistance is already a major global health threat, contributing to nearly 5 million deaths annually. The rise of multidrug-resistant pathogens has made many infections increasingly difficult to treat. This growing threat has driven the...
Background/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent age-related degenerative joint disease causing cartilage damage, leading to a debilitating lifestyle. However, there are currently no drugs on the market that promote cartilage repair, and adv...
Lecanicillium muscarium CCFEE 5003, isolated in Continental Antarctica, is a powerful producer of extracellular cold-tolerant enzymes. Chitin-hydrolyzing enzymes seems to be the principal extracellular catalytic activities of this psychrotolerant fun...
Among solid tumors, pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a leading cause of death. In PC, the protein ANXA1 has been identified as an oncogenic factor acting in an autocrine/paracrine way, and also as a component of tumor-deriving extracellular vesicles. H...
Glucocorticoids are known to influence hippocampal function, but their rapid non-genomic effects on specific neurons in the hippocampal trisynaptic circuit remain underexplored. This study investigated the immediate effects of glucocorticoids on CA1...
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