2,356 Results Found

Let $G_1$ and $G_2$ be disjoint copies of a graph G and $g:V\left(G_1\right)\to V\left(G_2\right)$ be a function. A functigraph $F_G$ consists of the vertex set $V\left(G_1\right)\cup V\left(G_2\right)$ and the edge set $E($...

Let G be a simple graph. A general total coloring f of G refers to a coloring of the vertices and edges of G. Let $C\left(x\right)$ be the set of colors of vertex x and edges incident with x under f. For a general total coloring f of G in which k colors are avail...

In a mixture of two kinds of identical bosons, there are two types of pairs: identical bosons’ pairs, of either species, and pairs of distinguishable bosons. In the present work, the fragmentation of pairs in a trapped mixture of Bose–Ein...

The method of the analysis of different texts styles is developed in the paper. Integer numerical sequences are used as models. The elements of the sequence are the number of letters in the words of the text. The algorithm for calculating the exact v...

Fishes’ skeletal muscles are crucial for swimming and are differentiated into slow-twitch muscles (SM) and fast-twitch muscles (FM) based on physiological and metabolic properties. Consequently, mitochondrial characteristics (number and morphol...

A one-time password is a security system that uses a password that is only used once for authentication, and it is commonly used in multi-factor authentication systems. The process of generating an OTP is very similar to generating pseudorandom seque...

This article explores a Buddhist text in which numbers set the very stakes for liberation. In 1404, Ngor chen Kun dga’ bzang po (1382–1456), who was to become one of the most esteemed tantric commentators of the Tibetan Sakya tradition, composed his...

Neighbor distinguishing colorings of graphs represent powerful tools for solving the channel assignment problem in wireless communication networks. They consist of two forms of coloring: neighbor distinguishing edge coloring, and neighbor distinguish...

At CRYPTO 2019, Gohr proposed the neural differential distinguisher using the residual network structure in convolutional neural networks on round-reduced Speck32/64. In this paper, we construct a 7-round differential neural distinguisher for Speck32...

Distinguishing data that satisfy the differential characteristic from random data is called a distinguisher attack. At CRYPTO’19, Gohr presented the first deep-learning-based distinguisher for round-reduced SPECK. Building upon Gohr’s wor...

In this paper, we consider the adjacent vertex distinguishing proper edge coloring (for short, AVDPEC) and the adjacent vertex distinguishing total coloring (for short, AVDTC) of a fuzzy graph. Firstly, this paper describes the development process, t...

This paper introduces a method to construct integral distinguishers for ARX ciphers. The basic idea of this method is to utilize the symmetry between the zero-correlation linear distinguishers and integral distinguishers. Combined with an automatic s...

We introduce a generalized adjacency matrix in order to distinguish cospectral graphs. Our reasoning is motivated by the work of Johnson and Newman and properties of p-adic numbers. Using a polynomial time algorithm, we comment on computer experiment...

Statistics of distinguishable particles has become relevant in systems of colloidal particles and in the context of applications of statistical mechanics to complex networks. In this paper, we present evidence that a commonly used expression for the...

Despite a growing number of models argument for the logical possibility of changing the past there continues to be resistance to and confusion surrounding the possibility of changing the past. In this paper I shall attempt to mitigate the resistance...

The direction of arrival (DOA) and number of sound sources is usually estimated by short-time Fourier transform and the conjugate cross-spectrum. However, the ability of a single AVS to distinguish between multiple sources will decrease as the number...

Current mathematics curricula have as one of their fundamental objectives the development of number sense. This is understood as a set of skills. Some of them have an algebraic nature such as acquiring an abstract understanding of relations between n...

Parvalbumins are small molecules with important functions in Ca²⁺ signaling, but their sequence comparisons to date, especially in fish, have been relatively poor. We here, characterize sequence motifs that distinguish parvalbumin subfamilies across...

Particle shape analysis is essential in sedimentological research, as it offers vital insights into the sedimentary environment and transport history. However, little is known about the particle shape variation across different sand fractions, as wel...

A new species of the genus Ptyctolaemus Peters, 1864 is described from Yunnan Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, China. The new species phylogenetically formed a clade sister to P. namdaphaensis, but it can be easily distinguished from P. namdapha...

A marker combination capable of classifying a specific chicken population could improve commercial value by increasing consumer confidence with respect to the origin of the population. This would facilitate the protection of native genetic resources...

It is often assumed that the maximum number of independent states a black hole may contain is $N_{BH}=e^{S_{BH}}$, where $S_{BH}=A/4$ is the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy and A is the horizon area in Planck units. I present a simple and straightforward argument s...

Aneuploidy, or an incorrect chromosome number, is ubiquitous among cancers. Whole-genome duplication, resulting in tetraploidy, often occurs during the evolution of aneuploid tumors. Cancers that evolve through a tetraploid intermediate tend to be hi...

This paper studies a repeated play of a family of games by resource-constrained players. To economize on reasoning resources, the family of games is partitioned into subsets of games which players do not distinguish. An example is constructed to show...

We study the problem of perfect tiling in the plane and explore the possibility of tiling a rectangle using integral distinct squares. Assume a set of distinguishable squares (or equivalently a set of distinct natural numbers) is given, and one has t...

Even though periodontitis is considered an infectious disease, there are a number of factors that distinguish it from other infectious diseases: it is not the result of infection with an individual pathogen, but rather the consequence of a modified m...

We prove that any positive random variable may be the limit of the random sums of independent identically distributed random variables. Thus, the limit distribution in the case of summing a random number of random variables may not be stable. The lac...

Differential cryptanalysis is one of the fundamental cryptanalysis techniques to evaluate the security of the block cipher. In many cases, resistance to differential cryptanalysis is proven through the upper bound of the differential characteristic p...

Island ecology plays an important role in explaining various ecological and evolutionary processes. Small, isolated oceanic islands, exemplified by the Azores Archipelago, are especially vulnerable to adverse environmental conditions and human impact...

By analyzing different examples of practical entropy calculations and using concepts such as conformational and residual entropies, I show herein that experimental calorimetric entropies of single molecules can be theoretically reproduced considering...

We trained an artificial neural network (ANN) to distinguish between correct and erroneous responses in the perceptual decision-making task using 32 EEG channels. The ANN input took the form of a 2D matrix where the vertical dimension reflected the n...

Axial Bradykinesia is an important feature of advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this study is to quantify axial bradykinesia using wearable sensors with the long-term aim of quantifying these movements, while the subject performs rout...

Cytogenetical studies were carried out on five varieties of Callisia repens, i.e., turtle vine, green, pink lady, gold, and Bianca. The morphological characteristics of all five varieties differed in leaf shape and color of the plant. All five variet...

Italy holds important genetic resources of small ruminant breeds. By distinguishing goat breeds at the DNA level, certification of products from specific breeds can be valorized. The aim of this study was to establish the genetic identity of Facciuta...

Cyst nematodes are plant parasitic nematodes infecting crops, causing extensive crop damage and annual losses, and affecting food production. The precise species identification is significant to initiate their control. The repeatable, less expensive,...

Symmetry, such as structural symmetry, color symmetry and so on, plays an important role in graph coloring. In this paper, we use structural symmetry and color symmetry to study the characterization for the neighbor-distinguishing index of planar gra...

In this article, we aimed to present a system that enables identifying experts in the field of visual art based on oculographic data. The difference between the two classified groups of tested people concerns formal education. At first, regions of in...

In this paper, we propose a novel multi-user access in wireless optical communication based on the quantum detection of the coherent state. In this case, the coherent states are used as the signal carrier and a technique of quantum detection is appli...

Background: PTSD diagnosis is challenging. Symptoms overlap with depression and panic attacks. This causes misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Current methods lack objective biomarkers. This study presents a hybrid AI framework. It combines CNNs and...

We argue that a critical difference distinguishing machines from organisms and computers from brains is not complexity in a structural sense, but a difference in dynamical organization that is not well accounted for by current complexity measures. We...

Humans can detect and discriminate a vast number of odours. The number perceived as distinguishable is estimated to be more than ten thousand. Humans are capable of distinguishing even slight alterations in the structure of an odorous molecule. A pai...

Mixed languages combine significant amounts of grammatical and lexical material from more than one source language in systematic ways. The Australian mixed language, Light Warlpiri, combines nominal morphology from Warlpiri with verbal morphology fro...

Convective transition statistics serve as diagnostics for the parameterization of convection in climate and weather forecast models by characterizing the dependence of convection on the humidity-temperature environment. The observed strong pickup of...

To retain nurses and prevent worsening the nursing shortage, a key opportunity is to better understand the drivers of complete and partial retirement of older nurses. This study investigates the characteristics that distinguish older nurses’ pa...

Samples of gasoline engine oil (SAE 5W20) that had been exposed to various oxidation times were inspected with a UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer to select the best wavelengths and wavelength ranges for distinguishing oxidation times. Engine oil...

Grasping an unknown object in a pile is no easy task for a robot—it is often difficult to distinguish different objects; objects occlude one another; object proximity limits the number of feasible grasps available; and so forth. In this paper,...

We show that the entropy of entanglement is sensitive to the coherent quantum phase transition between normal and super-radiant regions of a system of a finite number of three-level atoms interacting in a dipolar approximation with a one-mode electro...

Photon-number-resolving detectors are in high demand for applications in photonic quantum technology. In this study, we demonstrate the photon-number-resolving capabilities of our self-developed, highly efficient InGaAs/InAlAs single-photon avalanche...

An accurate spatial distribution map of the urban dominant tree species is crucial for evaluating the ecosystem service value of urban forests and formulating urban sustainable development strategies. Spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing has been...

Masses are the early indicators of breast cancer, and distinguishing between benign and malignant masses is a challenging problem. Many machine learning- and deep learning-based methods have been proposed to distinguish benign masses from malignant o...