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  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
7,643 Views
16 Pages

Consumers’ growing interest in the environmental and social impacts of products has increased demand for sustainable fashion items, particularly denim. Emerging technologies such as blockchain technology and labeling certifications have been de...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,093 Views
15 Pages

5 January 2023

This study analyzed what design elements are attractive to consumers of denim fabric products. A questionnaire survey was used to investigate the brands and design elements that consumers prefer. Subsequently, the degree to which participating consum...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,150 Views
16 Pages

Superabsorbent Hydrogels Derived from Cellulose Obtained from Post-Consumer Denim

  • Cleny Villalva-Cañavi,
  • Alma Berenice Jasso-Salcedo and
  • Daniel Lardizabal-Gutierrez

4 November 2025

This study presents a novel, circular-economy-driven strategy for valorizing post-consumer denim waste into high-performance hydrogels through a fully integrated and eco-friendly process. Unlike conventional approaches that rely on virgin cellulose o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,875 Views
21 Pages

Characterisation of Fibre Mechanical Recycled Cotton Denim Fibres and the Effects of Their Properties on Yarns and Knits

  • Ella Kärkkäinen,
  • Taina Kamppuri,
  • Lea Heikinheimo,
  • Carla Joana Silva and
  • Joana M. Gomes

19 September 2025

The purpose of this study was to obtain a holistic view of mechanically recycled cotton from denim fabrics and the repurposing and recycling methods for similar fibres. A pre-consumer denim and three types of post-consumer denims were shredded into n...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
5,111 Views
11 Pages

The Quality of Blended Cotton and Denim Waste Fibres: The Effect of Blend Ratio and Waste Category

  • Mohammad Kanan,
  • Bechir Wannassi,
  • Ahmad S. Barham,
  • Mohamed Ben Hassen and
  • Ramiz Assaf

2 September 2022

Cotton is one of the most-used natural fibres in the world due to its relative comfort and strength compared with other natural fibres. However, the processing of cotton for manufacturing products consumes a lot of water, while harvesting cotton uses...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,789 Views
17 Pages

9 October 2024

Cotton and polyester fiber blends are commonly used to improve the aesthetic features of finished items. The denim industry’s growing need for polyester fiber aids in analyzing the performance of denim fabrics woven from rigid and stretched wef...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,218 Views
16 Pages

Prioritizing Sustainable Denim Fabric through Integrated Decision-Making Framework

  • Eda Acar,
  • Derya Tama Birkocak,
  • Aşkın Özdağoğlu,
  • Zümrüt Ünal,
  • Gizem Özdemir and
  • Maria Josè Abreu

3 July 2024

In this study, a combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach that integrates the logarithm methodology of additive weights (LMAW) and the double normalization-based multiple aggregation (DNMA) methods has been utilized to determine the op...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
3,271 Views
22 Pages

Sustainable Treatments in Denim Fabric: A Systematic Review of Environmental Impact

  • Valeria Chugá-Chamorro,
  • Marco Naranjo-Toro,
  • Omar Godoy-Collaguazo and
  • Andrea Basantes-Andrade

22 November 2025

The denim production is among the most polluting processes in textiles due to its high consumption of water, energy, and chemicals. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (PRISMA 2020) on sustainable treatments applied to denim, with emph...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,463 Views
12 Pages

All-Cellulose Composites Properties from Pre- and Post-Consumer Denim Wastes: Comparative Study

  • Behnaz Baghaei,
  • Belinda Johansson,
  • Mikael Skrifvars and
  • Nawar Kadi

This study reports the recycling of discarded denim textiles by the production of all-cellulose composites (ACCs). Discarded denim fabrics were shredded into fibers and then made into nonwoven fabrics by carding and needle punching. The produced nonw...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,059 Views
20 Pages

Dope Dyeing of Regenerated Cellulose Fibres with Leucoindigo as Base for Circularity of Denim

  • Avinash P. Manian,
  • Sophia Müller,
  • Doris E. Braun,
  • Tung Pham and
  • Thomas Bechtold

2 December 2022

Circularity of cellulose-based pre- and post-consumer wastes requires an integrated approach which has to consider the characteristics of the fibre polymer and the presence of dyes and additives from textile chemical processing as well. Fibre-to-fibr...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,841 Views
12 Pages

29 October 2022

Fragments of single textile fibres are one of the most commonly found microtraces at crime scenes. Among them, the widespread blue and black/grey cotton fibres should be recognized. The analytical methods routinely used in fibre examination mainly fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
8,849 Views
15 Pages

1 November 2019

Kapok is a hollow fiber with a 90% hollow degree. Compared with cotton fiber, kapok fiber has excellent performances, such as good hygroscopicity, and a good warmth retention property. In this work, desized indigo kapok/cotton denim fabrics were blea...

  • Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,846 Views
35 Pages

Artificial-Neural-Network-Based Predicted Model for Seam Strength of Five-Pocket Denim Jeans: A Review

  • Aqsa Zulfiqar,
  • Talha Manzoor,
  • Muhammad Bilal Ijaz,
  • Hafiza Hifza Nawaz,
  • Fayyaz Ahmed,
  • Saeed Akhtar,
  • Fatima Iftikhar,
  • Yasir Nawab,
  • Muhammad Qamar Khan and
  • Muhammad Umar

22 April 2024

This study explores previous research efforts concerning prediction models related to the textile and polymer industry, especially garment seam strength, emphasizing critical parameters such as stitch density, fabric GSM, thread type, thread count, s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
874 Views
16 Pages

11 December 2025

Demand for clothing is estimated to increase globally by 4.5% per year, and secondhand clothing is often used to fill that demand. A clear understanding of the environmental impact of secondhand items would support transparency around sustainability,...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,377 Views
20 Pages

Influence of Polyester and Denim Microfibers on the Treatment and Formation of Aerobic Granules in Sequencing Batch Reactors

  • Victoria Okhade Onyedibe,
  • Hassan Waseem,
  • Hussain Aqeel,
  • Steven N. Liss,
  • Kimberley A. Gilbride,
  • Roxana Sühring and
  • Rania Hamza

16 July 2025

This study examines the effects of polyester and denim microfibers (MFs) on aerobic granular sludge (AGS) over a 42-day period. Treatment performance, granulation, and microbial community changes were assessed at 0, 10, 70, 210, and 1500 MFs/L. React...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
9,448 Views
19 Pages

Determining the Contributions in a Denim Fabric Production for Sustainable Development Goals: Life Cycle Assessment and Material Input Approaches

  • Bülent Sarı,
  • Farhad Zarifi,
  • Muhammed Alhasan,
  • Hakan Güney,
  • Selman Türkeş,
  • Serdal Sırlıbaş,
  • Deniz Civan Yiğit,
  • Güray Kılınççeker,
  • Beşir Şahin and
  • Olcayto Keskinkan

16 March 2023

In this paper, within the framework of increasing the contributions to sustainable development goals and reducing the water footprint, the sustainable production potential of a factory producing denim fabrics have been studied in association with the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,839 Views
20 Pages

25 June 2023

Denim production wastewater is an industrial wastewater with a high organic pollutant content. The aim of this study was to improve a cost-effective method via solar panel integration to the photo Fenton process (PFP) and photo electrochemical Fenton...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,780 Views
15 Pages

2 August 2022

Since textile waste recycling is a global challenge, there is an emerging need to explore this research direction due to the little knowledge about textile recycling. This study aimed to study the property of yarns produced from recycled textile/cott...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,143 Views
9 Pages

21 November 2022

Quickly changing fashion trends generate tremendous amounts of textile waste globally. The inhomogeneity and complicated nature of textile waste make its recycling challenging. Hence, it is urgent to develop a feasible method to extract value from te...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,715 Views
17 Pages

26 May 2021

Laccase is increasingly adopted in diverse industrial and environmental applications, due to its readily accessible requirements for efficient catalytic synthesis and biotransformation of chemicals. However, it is perceived that its industrial produc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,989 Views
16 Pages

A New Activated Sludge Model with Membrane Separation–Implications for Sewage and Textile Effluent

  • Derin Orhon,
  • Ayse Begum Yucel,
  • Guclu Insel,
  • Seyda Duba,
  • Tugba Olmez-Hanci,
  • Bulent Solmaz and
  • Seval Sözen

A new model for the activated sludge process with membrane separation is presented, based on the effective filtration size. A new size threshold is imposed by the membrane module. The model structure requires a modified fractionation of the chemical...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
6,113 Views
15 Pages

16 March 2022

Environmental problems at the global level have become a critical issue in today’s fashion industry. However, small-and medium-sized fashion business (SMFBs) encounter barriers in promoting green business owing to finances, professional experti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,098 Views
15 Pages

Exploring the Green Design of Hakka Cultural Creative Textiles for Sustainable Development

  • Wen-Cheng Wang,
  • Chi-Hsiung Jou,
  • Jung-Mei Kao,
  • Wan-Cheng Wu and
  • Ya-Hsien Ko

6 October 2022

This study explored Hakka cultural creative textiles using the green design concept, the cultural creative product design model and Hamilton’s three-component unifying metatheory based on ideology, social structure and technology to analyse the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
805 Views
19 Pages

Hybrid Nylon-6/Pumice Nonwoven Composites as Nature-Based Adsorbents for Methylene Blue Dye-Contaminated Wastewater: Insights into Monolayer and Multilayer Adsorption Mechanisms

  • Carlos Alberto Ávila-Orta,
  • Germán Alvarado-Tenorio,
  • Erick Ricardo Ramírez-López,
  • Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego,
  • Víctor Javier Cruz-Delgado,
  • María de Lourdes Hernández-Rodríguez,
  • Lucía Fabiola Cano-Salazar,
  • Yesenia Pérez-García,
  • Fernando Pérez-Flores and
  • Gustavo Soria-Argüello
  • + 1 author

26 November 2025

The contamination of water bodies by dye effluents from micro-scale in-house denim laundries remains a significant environmental concern in central México, particularly in the Atoyac River, where conventional treatment methods are not economic...

  • Review
  • Open Access
601 Views
22 Pages

Advances in CO2 Laser Treatment of Cotton-Based Textiles: Processing Science and Functional Applications

  • Andris Skromulis,
  • Lyubomir Lazov,
  • Inga Lasenko,
  • Svetlana Sokolova,
  • Sandra Vasilevska and
  • Jaymin Vrajlal Sanchaniya

10 January 2026

CO2 laser processing has emerged as an efficient dry-finishing technique capable of inducing controlled chemical and morphological transformations in cotton and denim textiles. The strong mid-infrared absorption of cellulose enables localised phototh...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
25,429 Views
26 Pages

Effectiveness of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy for Speech Sound Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review

  • Robyn Merkel-Walsh,
  • Danielle Carey,
  • Ashika Burnside,
  • Danyelle Grime,
  • Denim Turkich,
  • Raymond J. Tseng and
  • Sharon Smart

Orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) is an intervention approach used to remediate orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMDs). OMDs are abnormal patterns involving the oral and orofacial musculature that can subsequently interfere with the normal grow...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
10 Citations
7,452 Views
18 Pages

Dye Schedule Optimization: A Case Study in a Textile Industry

  • Uiraquitan Tadeu Gomes,
  • Plácido Rogério Pinheiro and
  • Rommel Dias Saraiva

13 July 2021

In a demanding and globalized market, production management plays a fundamental role in the company’s reference. Proper management of the production area allows companies to obtain productivity gains, reducing operational costs and make contributions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,815 Views
18 Pages

10 September 2024

Wood–polymer composites (WPCs) with polypropylene (PP) matrix suffer from low toughness, and fossil-based impact modifiers are used to improve their performance. Material substitution of virgin fossil-based materials and material recycling are...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,755 Views
19 Pages

31 May 2022

The main purpose of this article is to monitor the natural frequency of stainless steel (SS304) with and without defect by spray-coated smart graphene nanoplatelet (GNPs)-doped poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposite strain sensor and human h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
3,404 Views
19 Pages

Textile Antenna with Dual Bands and SAR Measurements for Wearable Communication

  • Mahmoud A. Abdelghany,
  • Mohamed I. Ahmed,
  • Ahmed A. Ibrahim,
  • Arpan Desai and
  • Mai. F. Ahmed

A novel dual-wideband textile antenna designed for wearable applications is introduced in this study. Embedding antennas into wearable devices requires a detailed analysis of the specific absorption rate (SAR) to ensure safety. To achieve this, SAR v...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,695 Views
13 Pages

14 September 2022

Body fluid identification at crime scenes can be crucial in retrieving the appropriate evidence that leads to the perpetrator and, in some cases, the victim. For this purpose, immunochromatographic tests are simple, fast and suitable for crime scenes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,957 Views
18 Pages

A Compact Wearable Textile Antenna for NB-IoT and ISM Band Patient Tracking Applications

  • Deepti Sharma,
  • Rakesh N. Tiwari,
  • Sachin Kumar,
  • Satyendra Sharma and
  • Ladislau Matekovits

5 August 2024

This paper proposes a novel multi-band textile monopole antenna for patient tracking applications. The designed antenna has compact footprints (0.13λ02) and works in the narrow band-internet of things (NB-IoT) 1.8 GHz, radio frequency identifi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,515 Views
17 Pages

Open-Source Flexible Material Tensile Testing Apparatus

  • Morgan C. Woods,
  • Nathan Nauta and
  • Joshua M. Pearce

5 February 2024

Alternative food sources are essential in both low-resource settings and during emergencies like abrupt sunlight reduction scenarios. Seaweed presents a promising option but requires investigation into the viability of unconventionally sourced ropes...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,401 Views
10 Pages

21 July 2020

Cellulose beads were successfully prepared from waste denim using a dissolution-regeneration approach with ionic liquids as the dissolving solvent. Cellulose beads with different morphologies were achieved by altering the dissolving and coagulating s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,180 Views
31 Pages

Wearable Metamaterial Dual-Polarized High Isolation UWB MIMO Vivaldi Antenna for 5G and Satellite Communications

  • Adam R. H. Alhawari,
  • Tale Saeidi,
  • Abdulkarem Hussein Mohammed Almawgani,
  • Ayman Taher Hindi,
  • Hisham Alghamdi,
  • Turki Alsuwian,
  • Samer A. B. Awwad and
  • Muhammad Ali Imran

14 December 2021

A low-profile Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna showing dual polarization, low mutual coupling, and acceptable diversity gain is presented by this paper. The antenna introduces the requirements of fifth generation (5G) and the satellite c...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,570 Views
8 Pages

Long-Term Follow-Up of Mesothelioma Patients Treated with Dendritic Cell Therapy in Three Phase I/II Trials

  • Daphne W. Dumoulin,
  • Robin Cornelissen,
  • Koen Bezemer,
  • Sara J. Baart and
  • Joachim G. J. V. Aerts

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal neoplasm with, if untreated, poor survival of approximately nine months from diagnosis. Until recently, phase II–III immunotherapy trials did not show any significant benefit. The lack of im...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,416 Views
11 Pages

Production of Sustainable Yarn Incorporating Process Waste to Promote Sustainability

  • Ahmed Hamzi,
  • Ahsan Habib,
  • Osman Babaarslan,
  • Mastoor M. Abushaega,
  • Md Masum and
  • Md. Abdullah al Mamun

6 March 2025

The spinning industry makes a major contribution to environmental pollution due to the excessive use of natural assets and the generation of remarkable amounts of waste during manufacturing processes. Now, the spinning industries are concentrating on...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
938 Views
7 Pages

Transport Optimization in the Supply Chain Using the Ant Colony Algorithm

  • Mourad Lahdhiri,
  • Mohamed Jmali,
  • Amel Babay and
  • Mustapha Hlyal

30 September 2025

The shortest path problem is algorithmic and involves finding the least costly path (in terms of distance, time, cost, or other criteria) between two nodes in a graph. This problem is fundamental in graph theory and has applications in logistics, net...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,383 Views
13 Pages

Mechanical Properties of Polymer Coatings Applied to Fabric

  • Serhiy Horiashchenko,
  • Janusz Musiał,
  • Kostyantin Horiashchenko,
  • Robert Polasik and
  • Tomasz Kałaczyński

13 November 2020

The polymer film, formed on fabric, has a diverse resistance to impact (shear) forces during deformation. An original model of the capillary-porous structure of the fabric, partially filled with polymer, was presented and discussed in this paper. Pol...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
3,747 Views
13 Pages

24 March 2023

In this paper, a miniaturized textile microstrip antenna is proposed for wireless body area networks (WBAN). The ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna used a denim substrate to reduce the surface wave losses. The monopole antenna consists of a modified circul...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
3,873 Views
17 Pages

9 June 2021

Moisture causes detuning and increased losses in textile antennas, and it affects resonant and wideband textile antennas differently. In this work, we studied the effect of moisture on a resonant textile planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and a wideban...

  • Article
  • Open Access
51 Citations
8,326 Views
13 Pages

Wearable Triband E-Shaped Dipole Antenna with Low SAR for IoT Applications

  • Hemin Ismael Azeez,
  • Hung-Chi Yang and
  • Wen-Shan Chen

This paper presents a novel design of a flexible and wearable E-shaped, multiband dipole antenna. The antenna has a low profile and is printed on a common 2 mm thick denim fabric ( ε r = 1.7 ). By installing a passively coupled rectangular pa...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,473 Views
16 Pages

28 November 2022

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology combined with orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) is an enabling technology used in WiFi 6/6E (IEEE 802.11ax) to increase the throughput. With the addition of WiFi 6/6E and taking adv...

  • Review
  • Open Access
77 Citations
13,258 Views
20 Pages

Indigo Carmine: Between Necessity and Concern

  • Madalina-Elena Ristea and
  • Otilia Zarnescu

20 September 2023

Dyes, such as indigo carmine, have become indispensable to modern life, being widely used in the food, textile, pharmaceutical, medicine, and cosmetic industry. Although indigo carmine is considered toxic and has many adverse effects, it is found in...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,114 Views
24 Pages

A Dimension Estimation Method for Rigid and Flexible Planar Antennas Based on Characteristic Mode Analysis

  • Bashar Bahaa Qas Elias,
  • Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi,
  • Prayoot Akkaraekthalin and
  • Ping Jack Soh

2 November 2022

An empirical method for simplified dimension estimation of patch antennas is proposed in this work based on characteristic mode analysis (CMA). This method involves generating formulae to calculate substrate-independent antenna patch widths produced...

  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Citations
5,289 Views
30 Pages

10 February 2023

A detachable miniaturized three-element spirals radiator button antenna integrated with a compact leaky-wave wearable antenna forming a dual-band three-port antenna is proposed. The leaky-wave antenna is fabricated on a denim (εr = 1.6, tan &...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
1,978 Views
25 Pages

Textile Wastewater Coupled Treatment Implementing Enhanced Ozonation with Fenton-like Processes and Phytoremediation

  • Jazmin A. Reyes-Pérez,
  • Araceli Amaya-Chávez,
  • Gabriela Roa-Morales,
  • Patricia Balderas-Hernández,
  • Thelma B. Pavón Silva,
  • Teresa Torres-Blancas and
  • Carlos E. Barrera-Díaz

6 January 2025

In this contribution, we described how phytoremediation using M. aquaticum is feasible with coupled ozonation/Fenton-like processes in real wastewater from the denim textile industry, with the purpose of removing color and, therefore, highly pollutin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
6,191 Views
21 Pages

10 September 2020

The rapid development of wearable wireless sensor networks (W-WSNs) has created high demand for small and flexible antennas. In this paper, we present small, flexible, low-profile, light-weight all-textile antennas for application in W-WSNs and inves...

  • Article
  • Open Access
101 Citations
8,049 Views
16 Pages

Full Ground Ultra-Wideband Wearable Textile Antenna for Breast Cancer and Wireless Body Area Network Applications

  • Sarmad Nozad Mahmood,
  • Asnor Juraiza Ishak,
  • Tale Saeidi,
  • Azura Che Soh,
  • Ali Jalal,
  • Muhammad Ali Imran and
  • Qammer H. Abbasi

19 March 2021

Wireless body area network (WBAN) applications have broad utility in monitoring patient health and transmitting the data wirelessly. WBAN can greatly benefit from wearable antennas. Wearable antennas provide comfort and continuity of the monitoring o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,995 Views
20 Pages

Appraisal of Super-Fast Membrane Bioreactors by MASM—A New Activated Sludge Model for Membrane Filtration

  • Derin Orhon,
  • Ayse Begum Yucel,
  • Güçlü Insel,
  • Bülent Solmaz,
  • Raif Mermutlu and
  • Seval Sözen

17 July 2021

The structure of existing activated models is inherently deficient in reflecting the major role of the membrane filtration. The study developed a novel model, MASM, for the membrane activated process. The effective filtration size imposed by the memb...

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