This article focuses on the uncertainty surrounding the issue of the Critical Period Hypothesis. It puts forward the case that, with regard to naturalistic situations, the hypothesis has the status of both “not proven” and unfalsified. The article an...
Based on the foundations of thermodynamics and the equilibrium conditions for the coexistence of two phases in a magnetic Ising-like system, we show, first, that there is a critical point where the isothermal susceptibility diverges and the specific...
This paper constructs a performance evaluation matrix (PEM) with beta distribution. Beta is between zero and one, making it a suitable indicator to describe customer ratings of importance and satisfaction from 0% to 100%. According to the spirit of c...
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is a treatment for acute climacteric syndrome, with the best effectivity. It also prevents bone loss and fractures. Ischemic heart disease prevention and cognitive function improvement have been observed with HRT, on...
Shedding light on how biological systems represent, process and store information in noisy environments is a key and challenging goal. A stimulating, though controversial, hypothesis poses that operating in dynamical regimes near the edge of a phase...
We review the experimental evidence, from both historic and modern literature of thermodynamic properties, for the non-existence of a critical-point singularity on Gibbs density surface, for the existence of a critical density hiatus line between 2-p...
In the neighborhood of critical states, distinct materials exhibit the same physical behavior, expressed by common simple laws among measurable observables, hence rendering a more detailed analysis of the individual systems obsolete. It is a widespre...
With the use of thermodynamics and general equilibrium conditions only, we study the entropy of a fluid in the vicinity of the critical point of the liquid–vapor phase transition. By assuming a general form for the coexistence curve in the vicinity o...
The article presents the results of research focused on the speed and success rate of reading aerial images and topographic maps showing the same territory in the Czech Republic. Attention was focused on searching for objects of importance in terms o...
Background: The belief that “sugar feeds cancer” is widespread and has strongly influenced public perceptions, patient behavior, and dietary recommendations, despite uncertainty regarding its scientific validity. This belief largely stems...
This work presents an analysis of the existing dependencies between the tests of the FIPS 140-2 battery. Two main analytical approaches are utilized, the first being a study of correlations through the Pearson’s correlation coefficient that det...
Since its inception, electrocardiography has been based on the simplifying hypothesis that cardinal limb leads form an equilateral triangle of which, at the center/centroid, the electrical equivalent of the cardiac activity rotates during the cardiac...
The expansion of investment strategies and capital markets is altering the significance and empirical rationality of the Efficient Market Hypothesis. The vitality of capital markets is essential for efficiency research. The authors explore here the d...
There is a large amount of evidence that groups differ in average cognitive ability. The hereditarian hypothesis states that these differences are partly or substantially explained by genetics. Despite being a positive claim about the world, this hyp...
To account for the bell- or acorn-shaped glans penis, in 1995 Baker and Bellis put forward their ‘semen-displacement hypothesis’. They argued that the existence of the glans penis is indicative of a promiscuous phase in our evolutionary p...
Depression is a common mental disorder with high economic burden, characterized by high disability and mortality rates. The etiology of depression remains unclear to date, and there are various hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of depression in c...
Today, permutation tests represent a powerful and increasingly widespread tool of statistical inference for hypothesis-testing problems. To the best of our knowledge, a review of the application of permutation tests for complex data in practical data...
The goal of nonparametric online monitoring methods is to quickly detect structural changes in the distribution of a data stream. This work is concerned with a nonparametric self-normalized monitoring method based on the difference of empirical chara...
By the Bagchi theorem, the Riemann hypothesis (all non-trivial zeros lie on the critical line) is equivalent to the self-approximation of the function ζ(s) by shifts ζ(s+iτ). In this paper, it is determined that the Riemann hypothesis i...
3D Printed Injection Moulds (3DIM), commonly used for low volume production and prototyping purposes, are known to fail abruptly and have a comparatively shorter life than conventional moulds. Investigating the underlying critical factors affecting f...
This paper discusses the problem of the mean changes in time series with heavy-tailed AR(p) noise. Firstly, it proposes a modified ratio-type test statistic, and the results show that under the null hypothesis of no mean change, the asymptotic distri...
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This paper extends the on-going analysis of the electronic markets hypothesis by offering a complementary hypothesis, namely, the electronic hybrids hypothesis. In a seminal 1987 article, Malone, Yates, and Benjamin predicted an overall shift toward...
We consider the problem of testing for a structural break in the spatial lag parameter in a panel model (spatial autoregressive). We propose a likelihood ratio test of the null hypothesis of no break against the alternative hypothesis of a single bre...
Statistical hypothesis testing is a foundational concept in inferential statistics, providing formal mechanisms for evaluating evidence and making decisions. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the principles of hypothesis testin...
The origin of cancer remains one of the most important enigmas in modern biology. This paper presents a hypothesis for the origin of carcinomas in which cellular aging and inflammation enable the recovery of cellular plasticity, which may ultimately...
Boundary layer transition is a critical parameter in the design of fluid flow systems. This situation is due to the dramatic change in both entropy production and heat transfer that accompanies it. It is well recognized that many parameters affect th...
The hypothesis assuming that the right hemisphere may play a critical role in emotional processing was raised by clinical data which showed that patients with right brain lesions often show abnormal patterns of emotional behavior [...]
It is not entirely clear why, at some stage in its evolution, terrestrial life adopted double-stranded DNA as the hereditary material. To explain this, we propose that small, double-stranded, polynucleotide circlets have special catalytic properties....
A well-known hypothesis in education and amongst the general public is that matching instructional method with an individual’s modality-specific learning style improves learning and cognitive performance. Several critical reviews in the past de...
Critical listening, critical reading, and critical thinking are three closely related cognitive skills that aim to evaluate information with an analytical and questioning approach. Critical listening and critical reading, which are receptive language...
Ljubljana was the first post-socialist city awarded with the title European Green Capital. The title awarded by the European Commission is given to a city that is achieving high environmental standards, is setting ambitious goals for further environm...
This theoretical study analyzes the possibility to use the classical Mott’s hypothesis to model the natural fragmentation of cylindrical structures with two or more metal cylinders arranged coaxially. A critical analysis on the validity of the...
Many studies have pointed out that the Performance Evaluation Matrix (PEM) is a convenient and useful tool for the evaluation, analysis, and improvement of service operating systems. All service items of the operating system can collect customer sati...
The purpose of this article is to develop a critical understanding of political correctness as regressive process of incrimination based on a utopia of non-differentiation. According to our hypothesis, this utopia represents the ideological product o...
Traditional hypothesis-margin researches focus on obtaining large margins and feature selection. In this work, we show that the robustness of margins is also critical and can be measured using entropy. In addition, our approach provides clear mathema...
There are few peer-reviewed publications about public engagement with science that are written by microbiologists; those that exist tend to be a narrative of an event rather than a hypothesis-driven investigation. However, it is relatively easy for e...
The visual perception system of humans is susceptible to cognitive influence, which implies the existence of cognitive perception. However, the specifical trigger for cognitive penetration is still a matter of controversy. The current study proposed...
The present article presents an analysis of the potential application of 3D printing in the critical infrastructure system. An attempt has been made to develop case studies for selected critical infrastructure areas, particularly with reference to th...
The spread of modern technologies exposes many people to a high level of ambiguous and misleading information that can impact people’s judgments and worldviews. This happens especially in a phase of life such as preadolescence when children are...
Mechanistic models are critical for our understanding of both within-host dynamics (i.e., pathogen replication and immune system processes) and among-host dynamics (i.e., transmission). Within-host models, however, are not often fit to experimental d...
Adenomyosis is used to be called endometriosis interna, and deep endometriosis is now called adenomyosis externa. Thus, there is a question as to whether adenomyosis is simply endometriosis of the uterus, either from the perspective of pathogenesis o...
The Sense Acuity and Behavioral (SAAB) Hypothesis proposes that the swimming capabilities and sensorial acuity of temperate fish larvae allows them to find and swim towards coastal nursery areas, which are crucial for their recruitment. To gather fur...
Quantitative proteomics relies on robust statistical methods for differential expression, critically impacting downstream functional enrichment. This meta-analysis systematically investigated how statistical hypothesis testing approaches and criteria...
Mood disorders, including major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, are among the most prevalent mental health conditions globally, yet their underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This review critically examines the neuronal atr...
Julius Wellhausen (1844–1918) is in many ways the ancestor of modern Hebrew Bible scholarship. His Prolegomena to the History of Israel condensed decades of source critical work on the Torah into a documentary hypothesis that is still taught today in...
Oftentimes in a complex system it is observed that as a control parameter is varied, there are certain intervals during which the system undergoes dramatic change. In biology especially, these signatures of criticality are thought to be connected wit...
The internet contains vast amounts of text-based information across various domains, such as commercial documents, medical records, scientific research, engineering tests, and events affecting urban and natural environments. Extracting knowledge from...
This paper discusses a non-parametric resampling technique in the context of multidimensional or multiparameter hypothesis testing of assumptions of the Rasch model. It is based on conditional distributions and it is suggested in small sample size sc...
This essay considers the theological implications of “audience criticism,” the widely held hypothesis that the Gospel of Mark was written to address the needs of a specific audience, and not, as Richard Bauckham has argued, with a general...
This study conducted to verfiy the structural causal relationship between the ESG attributes of food and beverage companies, trust, and word of mouth (WOM) as perceived by consumers visiting Jeju Island. The present study used respondents who underst...
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