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  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,217 Views
20 Pages

9 May 2023

Exploring the coordinated relationship between built-up area expansion and population growth in the urbanization process is important for the planning and sustainable development of cities. The article took Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Citations
5,838 Views
20 Pages

Effect of Urban Built-Up Area Expansion on the Urban Heat Islands in Different Seasons in 34 Metropolitan Regions across China

  • Wenchao Han,
  • Zhuolin Tao,
  • Zhanqing Li,
  • Miaomiao Cheng,
  • Hao Fan,
  • Maureen Cribb and
  • Qi Wang

31 December 2022

The urban heat island (UHI) refers to the land surface temperature (LST) difference between urban areas and their undeveloped or underdeveloped surroundings. It is a measure of the thermal influence of the urban built-up area expansion (UBAE), a topi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric and Surface Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Forecasting of Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,934 Views
15 Pages

10 August 2017

In this paper, built-up land expansion patterns and the associated factors were characterized in urban and non-urban areas across the Wen-Tai region of eastern China. Fractal dimension can be used as a reliable indicator of the complexity of built-up...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
4,304 Views
23 Pages

30 November 2020

Abundant data sets produced from long-term series of high-resolution remote sensing data have made it possible to explore urban issues across different spatiotemporal scales. Based on a 40-year impervious area data set released by Tsinghua University...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Land Use Mapping and Analysis in the Big Data Era)
  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
11,137 Views
21 Pages

5 January 2021

Kumasi is a nodal city and functions as the administrative and economic capital of the Ashanti region in Ghana. Rapid urbanization has been experienced inducing the transformation of various Land Use Land Cover (LULC) types into urban/built-up areas...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring Land Cover Change: Towards Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
4,962 Views
16 Pages

17 October 2017

Many studies have reported the thermal effects of urban expansion from non-built-up land; however, how changes in building height in built-up land influence the regional thermal environment is still uncertain. Thus, taking the transitional region bet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,279 Views
26 Pages

Predicting Near-Future Built-Settlement Expansion Using Relative Changes in Small Area Populations

  • Jeremiah J. Nieves,
  • Maksym Bondarenko,
  • Alessandro Sorichetta,
  • Jessica E. Steele,
  • David Kerr,
  • Alessandra Carioli,
  • Forrest R. Stevens,
  • Andrea E. Gaughan and
  • Andrew J. Tatem

12 May 2020

Advances in the availability of multi-temporal, remote sensing-derived global built-/human-settlements datasets can now provide globally consistent definitions of “human-settlement” at unprecedented spatial fineness. Yet, these data only...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mapping Human-Settlements from, between, and beyond Remotely-Sensed Observations)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,172 Views
25 Pages

3 October 2021

Assessing the relentless expansion of built-up areas is one of the most important tasks for achieving sustainable planning and supporting decision-making on the regional and local level. In this context, techniques based on remote sensing can play a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Temporal Resolution, a Key Factor in Environmental Risk Assessment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
5,801 Views
29 Pages

Impact of Expansion Pattern of Built-Up Land in Floodplains on Flood Vulnerability: A Case Study in the North China Plain Area

  • Guangpeng Wang,
  • Ziying Hu,
  • Yong Liu,
  • Guoming Zhang,
  • Jifu Liu,
  • Yanli Lyu,
  • Yu Gu,
  • Xichen Huang,
  • Qingyan Zhang and
  • Lianyou Liu
  • + 2 authors

28 September 2020

Built-up land in floodplains (BLF) is a driver and a disaster-bearing body of flood risk from a socio-hydrological perspective. The relationship between BLF growth and flood vulnerability is the key to understanding and managing flood risk. However,...

(This article belongs to the Section Urban Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,618 Views
29 Pages

Comparative Assessment of the Built-Up Area Expansion Based on Corine Land Cover and Landsat Datasets: A Case Study of a Post-Socialist City

  • Ilinca-Valentina Stoica,
  • Marina Vîrghileanu,
  • Daniela Zamfir,
  • Bogdan-Andrei Mihai and
  • Ionuț Săvulescu

3 July 2020

Monitoring uncontained built-up area expansion remains a complex challenge for the development and implementation of a sustainable planning system. In this regard, proper planning requires accurate monitoring tools and up-to-date information on rapid...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue CORINE Land Cover System: Limits and Challenges for Territorial Studies and Planning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,406 Views
24 Pages

Refining Urban Built-Up Area via Multi-Source Data Fusion for the Analysis of Dongting Lake Eco-Economic Zone Spatiotemporal Expansion

  • Qianming Li,
  • Bohong Zheng,
  • Bing Tu,
  • Yusheng Yang,
  • Zhiyuan Wang,
  • Wei Jiang,
  • Kai Yao and
  • Jiawei Yang

2 June 2020

Rapid urbanization has given rise to serious urban problems. It is crucial to understand the urbanization process to accurately and quickly identify boundary changes in urban built-up areas and implement planning schemes and adjustments in scientific...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
7,615 Views
21 Pages

17 March 2018

The analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban built-up area is conducive to the rational formulation of urban land use strategy, scientific planning and rational distribution of modern urban development. Based on the remote sensin...

(This article belongs to the Section Remote Sensing Image Processing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
455 Views
25 Pages

Divergent Direct and Indirect Vegetation Responses Along Urbanization Trajectories in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

  • Jie Wang,
  • Mingxuan Yi,
  • Dongming Zhang,
  • Liwen Shang,
  • Wenmiao Zhao,
  • Mengjie Liu,
  • Junwei Zhang,
  • Lei Zheng,
  • Kelin Sui and
  • Pengfei Cong

31 July 2026

Urban expansion exerts substantial pressure on regional ecosystems; however, how these effects propagate through direct and indirect pathways at the urban agglomeration scale remains insufficiently understood. Using nighttime light (NTL) and statisti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,027 Views
22 Pages

14 October 2024

As urbanization accelerates, characteristics of urban spatial expansion play a significant role in the future utilization of land resources, the protection of the ecological environment, and the coordinated development of population and land. In this...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,018 Views
18 Pages

Urban built-up areas are not only the spatial carriers of urban activities but also the direct embodiment of urban expansion. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to accurately extract urban built-up areas to judge the process of urbaniza...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Geospatial Analytics Based on Crowdsourced Data)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4,563 Views
13 Pages

Understanding and quantifying urban expansion is critical to urban management and urban planning. The accurate delineation of built-up areas (BUAs) is the foundation for quantifying urban expansion. To quantify urban expansion simply and efficiently,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,625 Views
22 Pages

Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Urbanization in the Xiamen Special Economic Zone Based on Nighttime-Light Data from 1992 to 2020

  • Chunfang Chai,
  • Yuanrong He,
  • Peng Yu,
  • Yuanmao Zheng,
  • Zhicheng Chen,
  • Menglin Fan and
  • Yongpeng Lin

7 August 2022

In China and elsewhere, urban expansion is directly related to the important issues of social development, economic development, and the sustainable development of the ecological environment. Traditional statistical methods based on administrative re...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Future Urban Land Expansion in China)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,114 Views
36 Pages

30 March 2026

Rapid urbanization has promoted socioeconomic growth but has exacerbated spatial-structure imbalances. This study investigates 41 prefecture-level cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2010 to 2022. Using nighttime light data, we compute the C...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,262 Views
16 Pages

Built-up areas are one of the most intuitive and important indicators used to assess urbanization, the spatial expansion of which is of great significance in depicting the evolution of urban spatial structures. Based on the harmonized Defense Meteoro...

(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Science and Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,662 Views
14 Pages

23 December 2022

Urban spatial expansion affects almost every dimension of sustainable urban development. A good grasp of the relationship between urban spatial evolution and carbon emissions can be the key to urban spatial governance. As a central city in the centra...

(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Citations
14,087 Views
14 Pages

The Fractal Geometry of Urban Land Use: The Case of Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia

  • Myagmartseren Purevtseren,
  • Bazarkhand Tsegmid,
  • Myagmarjav Indra and
  • Munkhnaran Sugar

29 May 2018

This research summarizes land use and city expansion, as well as the dynamics of urbanization, over recent years in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia. The study applies fractal geometry to describe land uses in Ulaanbaatar city using a mathematical procedur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
3,871 Views
17 Pages

30 November 2023

The rapid urbanization of Lagos City has resulted in an expansion of urban and nighttime lights, which, in turn, places a significant burden on natural resources. This burden exacerbates the adverse impacts of changes in climate parameters, underscor...

(This article belongs to the Section Building Energy, Physics, Environment, and Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,171 Views
24 Pages

14 September 2024

Accurately identifying the expansion characteristics and driving mechanisms at different development stages of urban agglomerations is crucial for their coordinated development. Using the Central Yunnan Urban Agglomeration as a case study, we employ...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Land Expansion and Regional Inequality)
  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
10,351 Views
25 Pages

9 October 2018

Urbanization addresses urban expansion, and it leads conversion of the green space into the built-up area. However, previous studies mainly focused on two-dimensional (2D) urban expansion rather than three-dimensional (3D) growth. Here, the purpose o...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing of Urban Ecology and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,694 Views
24 Pages

Analysing Process and Probability of Built-Up Expansion Using Machine Learning and Fuzzy Logic in English Bazar, West Bengal

  • Tanmoy Das,
  • Shahfahad,
  • Mohd Waseem Naikoo,
  • Swapan Talukdar,
  • Ayesha Parvez,
  • Atiqur Rahman,
  • Swades Pal,
  • Md Sarfaraz Asgher,
  • Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam and
  • Amir Mosavi

12 May 2022

The study sought to investigate the process of built-up expansion and the probability of built-up expansion in the English Bazar Block of West Bengal, India, using multitemporal Landsat satellite images and an integrated machine learning algorithm an...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence-Based Learning Approaches for Remote Sensing)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,395 Views
17 Pages

Analysis and Prediction of Expansion of Central Cities Based on Nighttime Light Data in Hunan Province, China

  • Yuxin Liu,
  • Tian He,
  • Yi Wang,
  • Changhui Peng,
  • Hui Du,
  • Shuai Yuan and
  • Peng Li

29 October 2021

Quantifying the characteristics of urban expansion as well as influencing factors is essential for the simulation and prediction of urban expansion. In this study, we extracted the built-up regions of 14 central cities in the Hunan province using the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Applications of Remote Sensing for Urban Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,844 Views
22 Pages

29 January 2023

It is of great significance to grasp the spatio-temporal characteristics and expansion mechanism of urban built-up areas for formulating urban development strategy. This paper takes the built-up area of Fuzhou as the study area, uses multi-temporal L...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainable Urban and Rural Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
43 Citations
10,294 Views
16 Pages

17 September 2019

This study focused on the prediction of land-use changes in Nakhon Ratchasima city using a CA-Markov Model with GIS. Satellite images taken by Landsat-5 (1992), Landsat-7 (2002) and THEOS (2016) were used to predict land use in 2026. In 1992, the mos...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
4,631 Views
18 Pages

28 September 2018

Recently, with the fast speed of urban expansion, research concerning the regulation of urban built-up area expansion is a significant topic, especially in Eastern China with its high urbanization level. The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program&r...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Sprawl and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
547 Views
28 Pages

Urban expansion is known to drive biodiversity loss in China, but the future impacts of rural built-up land change remain a critical blind spot. Unlike concentrated urban growth, rural development is dispersed and closely tied to livelihood transitio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,327 Views
14 Pages

Spatial and Temporal Changes of Urban Built-Up Area in the Yellow River Basin from Nighttime Light Data

  • Jingxu Wang,
  • Shike Qiu,
  • Jun Du,
  • Shengwang Meng,
  • Chao Wang,
  • Fei Teng and
  • Yangyang Liu

13 July 2022

Nighttime light (NTL) images obtained by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer (VIIRS) mounted on the National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) could objectively represent human activities and instantly identify urban shapes on a temporal and spati...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Approach of Environment and Modern Ecological Economy to Promote Sustainable Land Use and Sustainable Regional Development)
  • Article
  • Open Access
114 Citations
8,797 Views
17 Pages

22 December 2021

The changes of land use/land cover (LULC) are important factor affecting the intensity of the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Based on Landsat image data of Wuhan, this paper uses cellular automata (CA) and artificial neural network (ANN) to predict...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Time Series Analysis by Focusing on Climate-Land Interactions Variables)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
4,721 Views
26 Pages

26 October 2021

With the rapid development in the global economy and technology, urbanization has accelerated. It is important to characterize the urban expansion and determine its driving force. In this study, we used the Xiaonan District in Hubei Province, China,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Remote Sensing Imagery for Urban Areas)
  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
4,941 Views
14 Pages

7 December 2021

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 11.3 is to enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanisation and capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries by 2030. Within that goal, the i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Advanced Remote Sensing Technology for Sustainable Resource Exploration and Assessment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,298 Views
20 Pages

30 July 2024

Nowadays, the reorganization of rural land-use space exhibits a dynamic process of expansion and shrinkage. Taking the Wuhan Metropolitan Area as an example, this study used the InVEST model to quantitatively assess changes in rural built-up land bet...

(This article belongs to the Section Land Use, Impact Assessment and Sustainability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,130 Views
21 Pages

27 May 2025

Increasing anthropogenic disturbance in urban areas and the expansion of built-up zones into surrounding rural landscapes represent one of the most significant spatial and ecological challenges of recent decades. Urban expansion influences not only l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
7,765 Views
21 Pages

18 August 2021

Studying urban expansion from a longer-term perspective is of great significance to obtain an in-depth understanding of the process of urbanization. Remote sensing data are mostly selected to investigate the long-term expansion of cities. In this stu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing Image and Urban Information Visualization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
3,933 Views
12 Pages

16 June 2021

Grain self-sufficiency is a national food security target of China. The way that built-up land expansion impacts upon cropland loss and food provision needs to be explored in the major grain producing areas. Shandong Province is an important agricult...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,105 Views
21 Pages

22 June 2022

Uncontrolled built-up area expansion and building densification could bring some detrimental problems in social and economic aspects such as social inequality, urban heat islands, and disturbance in urban environments. This study monitored multi-deca...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Geospatial Monitoring)
  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
9,083 Views
20 Pages

2 October 2019

During the last few decades, a large number of people have migrated to Kathmandu city from all parts of Nepal, resulting in rapid expansion of the city. The unplanned and accelerated growth is causing many environmental and population management issu...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning of Remote Sensing Data for Urban Growth Analysis and Modeling)
  • Article
  • Open Access
46 Citations
5,463 Views
17 Pages

Understanding the driving forces behind built-up land expansion is crucial in urban planning and management. Using the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration as research area, four landscape metrics were used to analyze landscape characteristics of ur...

(This article belongs to the Section Environment and Applied Ecology)
  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,492 Views
24 Pages

Triple Spatial Effects of the Administrative Hierarchy on Urban Built-Up Areas in Fujian Province, China: Heterogeneity, Radiation, and Segmentation

  • Yu Liu,
  • Zhuorui Yu,
  • Daining Liu,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Long Zhou,
  • Guoqiang Shen,
  • Chasong Zhu,
  • Yiheng Sun and
  • Yanran Wang

12 December 2022

The expansion of urban built-up areas is one of the most prominent characteristics of land use change in China. A growing body of literature has emphasized the triple spatial effects of the administrative hierarchy on urban built-up areas expansion,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Urban Land Development in the Process of Urbanization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,332 Views
23 Pages

2 November 2023

Quantitative analysis of the spatiotemporal pattern of urban expansion and forecasting of the progress towards SDG11.3.1 are of great significance for the promotion of sustainable urban development. This study employed the spatiotemporal normalized t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Urban Observation for SDG Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,608 Views
28 Pages

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Urban Sprawl Types in the Peri-Urban Area of Malang Municipality, Indonesia

  • Adhitya Andi Hafiz,
  • Fadly Usman,
  • AR. Rohman Taufiq Hidayat and
  • Dwi Maulidatuz Zakiyah

11 August 2025

This study examines the spatial dynamics of urban sprawl in the peri-urban areas of Malang Municipality from 2004 to 2024. The findings reveal a rapid and uneven expansion of built-up areas, growing from 1825.87 ha (4%) in 2004 to 8017.22 ha (15.39%)...

  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Citations
6,244 Views
22 Pages

3 August 2020

Urban “blue-green” space is the basic element of urban natural ecological space. The rapid urbanization process has a significant impact on the pattern of urban blue-green space and seriously threatens the urban ecological environment. It...

(This article belongs to the Section Urban Water Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,161 Views
24 Pages

17 November 2023

Coordination between population growth and built-up land expansion is a major challenge for regional sustainable development. This paper proposed a dual indicator approach, which consists of the ratio of the built-up land expansion rate to population...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,246 Views
30 Pages

Built-up expansion is reshaping landscapes across Nepal; however, consistent multi-temporal mapping remains challenging due to rugged terrain, fragmented settlements, and heterogeneous land-cover conditions. This study develops and evaluates a multi-...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Data Science and Knowledge Discovery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,480 Views
23 Pages

Dynamics of Built-Up Areas and Loss of Vegetation in Secondary Towns: Case Study of Sarh Town in Chad, Central Africa

  • François Teadoum Naringué,
  • N’Dilbé Tob-Ro,
  • Melone Like Sorsy,
  • Julien Komivi Sodjinè Aboudou,
  • Asrom Blondel Mgang-yo,
  • Bourdannet Patouki Sing-Non,
  • Altolnan Parfait Tombar and
  • Follygan Hetcheli

22 January 2025

The dynamics of the urbanisation of Sarh town in Chad, although less rapid than that of the capital city, has led to a significant loss of vegetation and unsustainable land use. This research aims to analyse the dynamics of land use, focusing on the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,950 Views
18 Pages

13 August 2025

We compare several methods for predicting future built-up land cover using only a short yearly time series of satellite-derived binary urban maps. Existing methods of built-up expansion forecasting often rely on ancillary datasets such as utility net...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS for Land Use Change Assessment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
10,651 Views
26 Pages

6 June 2020

This paper examines and updates the rank-size distribution of cities and municipalities in Bangladesh between 1990 and 2019 based on two criteria: (1) built-up urban areas; and (2) population. The distribution of built-up urban areas and population a...

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