61 Results Found

This work presents a scalable digit-parallel finite field polynomial multiplier architecture with a digit size of 32 bits for NIST-standardized binary elliptic fields. First, a dedicated digit-parallel architecture is proposed for each binary field r...

In the computation systems that are frequently utilized in Digital Signal Processing (DSP)- and Fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based applications, binary multipliers play a crucial role. Multipliers are one of the basic arithmetic components used, and...

This research presents a novel binary Edwards curve (BEC) accelerator designed specifically for resource-constrained embedded systems. The proposed accelerator incorporates the fixed window algorithm, a two-stage pipelined architecture, and the Montg...

The focus of this article is to present a novel crypto-accelerator architecture for a resource-constrained embedded system that utilizes elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). The architecture is built around Binary Edwards curves (BEC) to provide resist...

Machine Learning techniques have proven effective in Side Channel Analysis (SCA), enabling multiple improvements over the already-established profiling process of Template Attacks. Focusing on the need to mitigate their impact on embedded devices, a...

Binary Edwards Curves (BEC) play a pivotal role in modern cryptographic processes and applications, offering a combination of robust security as well as computational efficiency. For robust security, this article harnesses the inherent strengths of B...

This paper proposes a novel approach suitable to design energy-efficient approximate multipliers using both ASIC and FPGAs. The new strategy harnesses specific encoding logics based on bit significance and computes the approximate product performing...

Financial and commercial data are mostly represented in decimal format. To avoid errors introduced when converting some decimal fractions to binary, these data are processed with decimal arithmetic. Most processors only have hardwired binary arithmet...

Stochastic computing, which is based on probability, involves a trade-off between accuracy and power and is a promising solution for energy-efficiency in error-tolerance designs. In this paper, adder and multiplier circuits based on the proposed stoc...

Binary field ( $BF$ ) multiplication is a basic and important operation for widely used crypto algorithms such as the GHASH function of GCM (Galois/Counter Mode) mode and NIST-compliant binary Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems (ECCs). Recently, Seo e...

This paper proposes a code defined on a finite ring ${\mathbb{Z}}_{p_M}$, where $p_M$ = $2^m-1$ is a Mersenne prime, and m is a binary size of ring elements. The code is based on a splitting sequence (splitting set) $\mathcal{S}$, defined for the given multiplier set $\mathcal{E}=\left\{\pm 2^0, \pm 2^1,\dots \right\}$...

Digital image blending is commonly used in applications such as photo editing and computer graphics where two images are combined to produce a desired blended image. Digital images can be blended by addition or multiplication, and usually exact addit...

This article presents an efficient crypto processor architecture for point multiplication acceleration of side-channel secured Binary Huff Curves (BHC) on FPGA (field-programmable gate array) over $GF\left(2^{233}\right)$. We have implemented six finite field polyno...

We propose a generalization of the external direct product concept to polyadic algebraic structures which introduces novel properties in two ways: the arity of the product can differ from that of the constituents, and the elements from different mult...

In recent decades, power consumption has become an essential factor in attracting the attention of integrated circuit (IC) designers. Multiple-valued logic (MVL) and approximate computing are some techniques that could be applied to integrated circui...

This work presents an efficient high-speed hardware architecture for point multiplication (PM) computation of Elliptic-curve cryptography using binary fields over $GF\left(2^{163}\right)$ and $GF\left(2^{571}\right)$. The efficiency is achieved by reducing: (1) the time required fo...

We discuss several algorithms for solving a network optimization problem of simultaneous routing and bandwidth allocation in green networks in a decomposed way, based on the augmented Lagrangian. The problem is difficult due to the nonconvexity cause...

This paper presents hardware-efficient Delta Sigma linear processing circuits for the next generation low-power VLSI devices in the Internet-of-things (IoT).We first propose the P-N (positive-negative) pair method to manipulate both the analog value...

A major limitation of most metabolomics datasets is the sparsity of pathway annotations for detected metabolites. It is common for less than half of the identified metabolites in these datasets to have a known metabolic pathway involvement. Trying to...

Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) is one of the most commonly used operations in modern computing systems due to its use in matrix multiplication, signal processing, and in new applications such as machine learning and deep neural networks. Ternary number sy...

In this paper, a comparative analysis and numerical simulation of operation of two types of amplitude binary gratings (conventional and fork), both in the focal plane and near-field diffraction under illumination by mode beams with different polariza...

Security and privacy concerns pose significant obstacles to the widespread adoption of IoT technology. One potential solution to address these concerns is the implementation of cryptographic protocols on resource-constrained IoT edge nodes. However,...

I deal with an alienation problem for the system of two fundamental Cauchy functional equations with an unknown function f mapping a ring X into an integral domain Y and preserving binary operations of addition and multiplication, respectively. The r...

In many types of music, percussion plays an essential role to establish the rhythm and the groove of the music. Algorithms that can decompose the percussive signal into its constituent components would therefore be very useful, as they would enable m...

This article presents an area-aware unified hardware accelerator of Weierstrass, Edward, and Huff curves over $GF\left(2^{233}\right)$ for the point multiplication step in elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). The target implementation platform is a field-programmable...

Detection of scratch defects on randomly textured surfaces remains challenging due to their unnoticeable visual features. In this paper, an algorithm for piezoelectric ceramic plate surface scratch defects based on the combination of fuzzy c-means cl...

Usually, optical tweezers for trapping atoms or nanoparticles are based on the focusing of a Gaussian laser beam (GB). The optical trap is characterised by its longitudinal stability (LS), expressed as the ratio of the backward axial gradient and the...

This work presents a soft-filtering digital signal processing architecture based on sigma-delta modulators and stochastic computing. A sigma-delta modulator converts the input high-resolution signal to a single-bit stream enabling filtering structure...

Elliptic curve cryptography is the most widely employed class of asymmetric cryptography algorithm. However, it is exposed to simple power analysis attacks due to the lack of unifiedness over point doubling and addition operations. The unified crypto...

Support vector data description (SVDD) is widely regarded as an effective technique for addressing anomaly detection problems. However, its performance can significantly deteriorate when the training data are affected by outliers or mislabeled observ...

In optical communications, it is desirable to know some quantities describing a light field, which are conserved on propagation or resistant to some distortions. Typically, optical vortex beams are characterized by their orbital angular momentum (OAM...

The 8-channel Multiple Use Silicon Photo-multiplier (SiPM) Integrated Circuit (MUSIC) Application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for SiPM anode readout has been designed for applications where large photo-detection areas are required. MUSIC offer...

Image manipulation localization is one of the most challenging tasks because it pays more attention to tampering artifacts than to image content, which suggests that richer features need to be learned. Unlike many existing solutions, we employ a sema...

Accurate and efficient cloud detection is critical for maintaining the usability of optical remote sensing imagery, particularly in large-scale Earth observation systems. In this study, we propose FEMNet, a lightweight dual-branch network that combin...

Gated networks are networks that contain gating connections in which the output of at least two neurons are multiplied. The basic idea of a gated restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) model is to use the binary hidden units to learn the conditional dist...

With this study, we address the optimal phase balancing problem in three-phase networks with asymmetric loads in reference to a mixed-integer quadratic convex (MIQC) model. The objective function considers the minimization of the sum of the square cu...

The autocorrelation function (ACF) of the Binary Offset Carrier modulation (BOC) signal for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has multiple peaks, ambiguity is easily generated during the synchronization of the baseband signal. Some methods ha...

Hyperspectral anomaly detection is an important unsupervised binary classification problem that aims to effectively distinguish between background and anomalies in hyperspectral images (HSIs). In recent years, methods based on low-rank tensor represe...

During the last years, the demand for internet-of-things (IoT) resource-constrained devices has grown exponentially. To address this need, several digital methods have been proposed to improve these devices in terms of area and power consumption. Des...

In recent years, one-bit quantization has attracted widespread attention in the field of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation as a low-cost and low-power solution. Many researchers have proposed various estimation algorithms for one-bit DOA estimati...

The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of bullying and cyberbullying with the level of Internet, cell phone, and video game use in children and adolescents. In total, 677 Spanish students (53.03% girls) aged 10 to 16 years (13.81...

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the confirmation of homestead rights (CHR) in China, filling a gap in the research field of the distribution consequences of China’s homestead policy reform. The main innovation of this study is t...

The hardware power-aware keyword spotting (KWS) implementation requires small memory footprint, low-complex computation, and high accuracy performances. Binary neural networks (BNNs) naturally satisfy these constraints. They quantize both weights and...

Over a three-year R&D project, the perception of mobile phone use in Spanish secondary schools shifted from initial tolerance to increasingly prohibitive policies. Drawing on the Actor–Network Theory, this study examines how mobile phones&m...

The Binary Edwards Curves (BEC) are becoming more and more important, as compared to other forms of elliptic curves, thanks to their faster operations and resistance against side channel attacks. This work provides a low-complexity architecture for p...

The GPS provides positioning information almost anytime and anywhere on Earth, regardless of the weather conditions, and has become an essential technology for positioning and navigation. As a modernization program, the fourth civil GPS signal, denot...

Wearable systems are increasingly adopted for health monitoring and wellness promotion. Among the most relevant biosignals, the electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a key role; however, in wearable settings (e.g., during physical activity), it is often corr...

Recently, the Logic-in-Memory (LiM) concept has been widely studied in the literature. This paradigm represents one of the most efficient ways to solve the limitations of a Von Neumann’s architecture: by placing simple logic circuits inside or...

This article proposes a flexible hardware accelerator optimized from a throughput and area point of view for the computationally intensive part of elliptic curve cryptography. The target binary fields, defined by the National Institute of Standards a...

Speech recognition has progressed tremendously in the area of artificial intelligence (AI). However, the performance of the real-time offline Chinese speech recognition neural network accelerator for edge AI needs to be improved. This paper proposes...