The surge in demand for 3D MOSFETs, such as FinFETs, driven by recent technological advances, is explored in this review. FinFETs, positioned as promising alternatives to bulk CMOS, exhibit favorable electrostatic characteristics and offer power/perf...
In this paper, a field effect transistor (FET)-type sensor with Pt-decorated In2O3 (Pt-In2O3) nanoparticles is fabricated for detecting H2 gas at room temperature. A pulsed measurement method is adopted to continuously alternate between pre-biasing t...
Protecting sensitive electronic interfaces is critical in industrial applications, where exposure to harsh conditions and fault events is common. This paper reviews and compares circuit techniques for the design of bidirectional protection switches,...
This paper deals with the monitoring of power transistor current subjected to radio-frequency interference. In particular, a new current sensor with no connection to the power transistor drain and with improved performance with respect to the existin...
In this work, a single-crystalline silicon nanobelt field-effect transistor (SiNB FET) device was developed and applied to pH and biomolecule sensing. The nanobelt was formed using a local oxidation of silicon technique, which is a self-aligned, self...
To facilitate the utility of field effect transistor (FET)-type sensors, achieving sensitivity enhancement beyond the Nernst limit is crucial. Thus, this study proposed a novel approach for the development of ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) using lead zi...
Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNT-FETs) are promising platforms for electrolyte-gated sensing, although the influence of CNT network density on device performance for pH measurements remains unknown. In this work, CNT-FETs with controlled...
Ionic gradients play a crucial role in the physiology of the human body, ranging from metabolism in cells to muscle contractions or brain activities. To monitor these ions, inexpensive, label-free chemical sensing devices are needed. Field-effect tra...
This study introduces a flexible and low-cost solution for a source measure unit (SMU), which is presented as an alternative to conventional source meter units and a blueprint for sensor FET drivers. An SMU collects current–voltage (I-V) curves...
Highly sensitive and selective gas and volatile organic compound (VOC) sensor platforms with fast response and recovery kinetics are in high demand for environmental health monitoring, industry, and medical diagnostics. Among the various categories o...
Field Effect Transistors (FETs) have led the progress of applications measuring the acidity in aqueous solutions thanks to their accuracy, ease of miniaturization and capacity of multiplexing. The signal-to-noise ratio and linearity of the sensors ar...
We examined the possibility of measuring dissolved oxygen by using a potentiometric solid-state semiconductor sensor. Thin films of tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) are widely used in oxygen gas sensors. However, their ability to detect dissolved oxygen (DO) in...
For decades, acetylcholine (Ach) has been considered a critical biomarker for several degenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and schizophrenia. Here, we propose a wafer-scale f...
In this study, electrical characteristics of MoTe2 field-effect transistors (FETs) are investigated as a function of channel thickness. The conductivity type in FETs, fabricated from exfoliated MoTe2 crystals, switched from p-type to ambipolar to n-t...
Maintaining power consumption has become a critical hurdle in the manufacturing process as CMOS technologies continue to be downscaled. The longevity of portable gadgets is reduced as power usage increases. As a result, less-cost, high-density, less-...
Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors enable label-free and real-time electrical transduction; however, their practical deployment is often constrained by the need for bulky benchtop instrumentation to provide stable biasing, low-noise readout, an...
Biosensing performance in graphene-derived field-effect transistors (BioFETs) is widely attributed to surface chemistry, yet the role of the underlying charge transport mechanism remains poorly understood. This work establishes a direct correlation b...
A three-phase GaN-based motor inverter IC with three integrated phase current mirror sensors (sense-FETs or sense-HEMTs, 1200:1 ratio), a temperature sensor, and an amplifier is presented and experimentally operated. The three low-side currents are r...
In this work, we investigate the catalytic effects of gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticle layer deposition on highly sensitive zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) used for selective H2S detection in the sub-ppm region. Optimum quality pristine ZnO...
This paper presents two novel techniques for monitoring the response of smart hydrogels composed of synthetic organic materials that can be engineered to respond (swell or shrink, change conductivity and optical properties) to specific chemicals, bio...
In this review paper, we summarized the recent progress of using graphene as a sensing platform for environmental applications. Especially, we highlight the electrical and optical sensing devices developed based on graphene and its derivatives. We di...
NO2 is a toxic gas mainly generated by combustion processes, such as vehicle emissions and industrial activities. It is a key contributor to smog, acid rain, ground-level ozone, and particulate matter, all of which pose serious risks to human health...
Impedance-based biosensing has emerged as a critical technology for high-sensitivity biomolecular detection, yet traditional approaches often rely on bulky, costly impedance analyzers, limiting their portability and usability in point-of-care applica...
Thyroxine (T4) is a key hormone regulating metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodevelopmental processes, yet its clinical quantification still relies on centralized immunoassays that limit rapid or point-of-care monitoring. Here, we present a label-fr...
Flexible graphene field-effect transistors (FGr-FETs) possess ultra-high detection sensitivity, excellent mechanical flexibility, and extensive interface signal transduction mechanisms, driving the innovative development of flexible electronics. Howe...
In comparison with traditional clinical diagnosis methods, field–effect transistor (FET)–based biosensors have the advantages of fast response, easy miniaturization and integration for high–throughput screening, which demonstrates t...
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) has been regarded as a biomarker that can be applied as a predictor for the severity of COVID-19-infected patients. The IL-6 level also correlates well with respiratory dysfunction and mortality risk. In this work, three silaniza...
Two-dimensional material (2DM)-based Field-Effect Transistors (FETs) have been postulated as a solid alternative for biosensing applications thanks to: (i) the possibility to enable chemical sensitivity by functionalization, (ii) an atomically thin a...
Chemical and biological sensors have attracted great interest due to their importance in applications of healthcare, food quality monitoring, environmental monitoring, etc. Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based field-effect transistors (FETs) are novel sensing...
The demand for rapid and highly sensitive sensing technologies is increasing across diverse fields, including precise disease diagnosis, early-stage screening, and real-time environmental monitoring. Field-effect transistor (FET)-based sensing platfo...
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are gaining increasing attention for gas sensing applications due to their large surface area and abundant active sites. However, traditional resistor-type gas sensors using CQDs to realize molecule recognition and signa...
Field-effect transistors (FETs) are attractive biosensor platforms for rapid and accurate detection of various analytes through surface immobilization of specific bio-receptors. Since it is difficult to maintain the electrical stability of semiconduc...
Field-effect transistor (FET) chemical sensors are essential for enabling sophisticated lifestyles and ensuring safe working environments. They can detect a wide range of analytes, including gaseous species (NO2, NH3, VOCs), ionic compounds, and biol...
Foodborne illness is correlated with the existence of infectious pathogens such as bacteria in food and drinking water. Probe-modified graphene field effect transistors (G-FETs) have been shown to be suitable for Escherichia coli (E. coli) detection....
This paper presents the effect of NaCl concentration on the operation of a water-gated field effect transistor (WG-FET) that uses 16-nm-thick single crystalline silicon (Si) film. In WG-FET, electrical double layer (EDL) formed at the water/silicon i...
In this study, the urea-enzymatic field effect transistors (EnFETs) were investigated based on pH-ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs) with tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) sensing membranes. In addition, a post N2 annealing was used to improve...
As a new type of one-dimensional semiconductor nanometer material, silicon nanowires (SiNWs) possess good application prospects in the field of biomedical sensing. SiNWs have excellent electronic properties for improving the detection sensitivity of...
Biologically sensitive field-effect transistors (BioFETs) have advanced the biosensing capabilities in various fields such as healthcare, security and environmental monitoring. Here, we propose a junctionless BioFET (JL-BioFET) for the high-sensitivi...
Excellent stability, low cost, high response, and sensitivity of indium oxide (In2O3), a metal oxide semiconductor, have been verified in the field of gas sensing. Conventional In2O3 gas sensors employ simple and easy–to–manufacture resis...
In this paper, we develop a novel dual-mode gas sensor system which comprises a silicon nanoribbon field effect transistor (Si-NR FET) and a film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR). We investigate their sensing characteristics using polar and nonpolar or...
COVID-19 is a highly contagious human infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the war with the virus is still underway. Since no specific drugs have been made available yet and there is an im...
Impedance sensing with silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW-FETs) shows considerable potential for label-free detection of biomolecules. With this technique, it might be possible to overcome the Debye-screening limitation, a major problem...
Field-effect transistor (FET) sensors require not only high sensitivity but also excellent regeneration ability before widespread applications are possible. Although some regenerative FETs have been reported, their lowest limit of detection (LoD) bar...
Detection of tumor markers is important for cancer diagnosis. Field-effect transistors (FETs) are a promising method for the label-free detection of trace amounts of biomolecules. However, detection of electrically charged proteins using antibody-imm...
Heavy metal pollution remains a major concern for the public today, in line with the growing population and global industrialization. Heavy metal ion (HMI) is a threat to human and environmental safety, even at low concentrations, thus rapid and cont...
Two-dimensional-material-based FET biosensors have gained attention for being label-free and having ultra-sensitive detection capability. The high carrier mobility and large surface-to-volume ratio of 2D materials enable low detection limits under bu...
This study investigates an acoustic sensor that exploits the piezoresistive effect of a field-effect transistor (PrFET) with a sector-shaped cantilever that improves frequency-response characteristics. PrFET energy transduction is capable of detectin...
Two-dimensional materials-based field-effect transistors (FETs) are promising biosensors because of their outstanding electrical properties, tunable band gap, high specific surface area, label-free detection, and potential miniaturization for portabl...
A graphene-based capacitive NO2 sensing device was developed by utilizing the quantum capacitance effect. We have used a graphene field-effect transistor (G-FET) device whose geometrical capacitance is enhanced by incorporating an aluminum back-gate...
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of a nanostructured C-Pd film deposited in the gate area of a field-effect transistor (FET) with a carbon–palladium composite gate (C-Pd/FET) on the hydrogen-sensing properties of the transi...
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