Lactate can protect against damage caused by acute brain injuries both in rodents and in human patients. Besides its role as a metabolic support and alleged preferred neuronal fuel in stressful situations, an additional signaling mechanism mediated b...
The status of lactate has evolved from being considered a waste product of cellular metabolism to a useful metabolic substrate and, more recently, to a signaling molecule. The fluctuations of lactate levels within biological tissues, in particular in...
Background: Augmented glycolysis in cancer cells is a process required for growth and development. The Warburg effect provides evidence of increased glycolysis and lactic acid fermentation in cancer cells. The lactate end-product of glycolysis is rec...
The hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor (HCAR) family belongs to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) implicated in a diverse array of physiological and pathological mechanisms. Kynurenic acid, a metabolite of the tryptophan catabolic pathway, has been pr...
The chlorophyll (Chl) cycle is the metabolic pathway for Chl a and Chl b inter-conversion. In this pathway, Chl b is synthesized from Chl a by the catalyzing action of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO). In contrast, Chl b is firstly reduced to produce...
During the development of the retina and the nervous system, high levels of energy are required by the axons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to grow towards their brain targets. This energy demand leads to an increase of glycolysis and L-lactate con...
7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll (Chl) a reductase (HCAR) plays critical roles in the Chl cycle and degradation during leaf senescence, however, its function in horticultural crops remains unknown. Here, we identified an HCAR gene (CsHCAR) from cucumber (...
Rice spotted leaf mutants are helpful to investigate programmed cell death (PCD) and defense response pathways in plants. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we characterized novel rice spotted leaf mutation splHM143 that encodes a 7-hydroxymethyl ch...
Uveal melanoma (UM), the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults, is among the tumors with poorer prognosis. Recently, the role of the oncometabolite lactate has become attractive due to its role as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1)...
LOX was recently shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth. The mechanism of this inhibition, however, has been exclusively attributed to LOX depletion of TME lactate, a cancer cell energy source, and production of H2O2, an oxidativ...
Leaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development, is a well-regulated and complex process for investigation. For simplification, dark-induced leaf senescence has frequently been used to mimic the natural senescence of leaves because many typical s...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and/or defective insulin production in the human body. Although the antidiabetic action of corn silk (CS) is well-established, the understanding of the mechanism of action (MoA) b...
Background: Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCAR3) is a receptor that is mainly expressed in human adipose tissue. It can inhibit lipolysis through the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase; thus, it is closely related to the regulation of lipids in the...
Objectives: This study is intended to reveal whether the boost in immune function in immunocompromised mice from niacin supplementation is connected to the upkeep of intestinal homeostasis and the modulation of the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (...
A meta-analysis of publicly available transcriptomic datasets was performed to identify metabolic pathways profoundly implicated in the progression and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The analysis revealed that genes involved in trypto...
Hydrated H-Apophyllite (HH-Apo) and H-carletonite (H-Car) were synthesized at 0 °C by leaching an apophyllite and a carletonite single crystal in a large surplus of 1.2 molar hydrochloric acid. The XRD powder patterns of HH-Apo and H-Car were ind...
The volume, composition, and movement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important for brain physiology, pathology, and diagnostics. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the main structure that produces CSF, the choroid plexus (CP). Due to the...
Stroke is the main cause for acquired disabilities. Pharmaceutical or mechanical removal of the thrombus is the cornerstone of stroke treatment but can only be administered to a subset of patients and within a narrow time window. Novel treatment opti...
Metabolites produced by dysbiotic intestinal microbiota can influence disease pathophysiology by participating in ligand–receptor interactions. Our aim was to investigate the differential expression of metabolite receptor (MR) genes between inf...
The knacks of evolutionary and swarm computing paradigms have been exploited to solve complex engineering and applied science problems, including parameter estimation for nonlinear systems. The population-based computational heuristics applied for pa...
The human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) is activated by a large set of endogenous and exogenous compounds and plays a critical role in the control of detoxifying enzymes and transporters regulating liver and gastrointestinal drug metabolism and clearanc...
S100B is a calcium-binding protein produced and secreted by astrocytes in response to various extracellular stimuli. C6 glioma cells are a lineage commonly employed for astroglial studies due to the expression of astrocyte specific markers and behavi...
Anthrax represents a disease resulting from infection by toxin-secreting bacteria, Bacillus anthracis. This research aimed to identify new therapeutic targets to combat anthrax. We performed assays to assess cell viability, apoptosis, glycogen consum...
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant cancer originating in the lymphatic system with a 25–30% mortality rate. CHOP, consisting of cyclophosphamide (CPA), doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone, is a first-generation chemotherapy...
The residue conversion processes, coking, visbreaking, and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), have demonstrated that feedstock quality is the single factor that most affects process performance. While, for the FCC, it is known that the heavy oil convers...
In this study, we used macrophage RAW264.7 cells to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory actions of niacin. Anti-inflammatory actions of niacin and a possible role of its receptor GPR109A have been studied previously. Ho...
In high-altitude environments, the prevalence of high-altitude polycythemia (HAPC) ranges between 5 and 18 percent. However, there is currently no effective treatment for this condition. Therefore, disease prevention has emerged as a critical strateg...
This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of acipimox in rats under simulated high altitude hypoxia conditions. A sensitive and reliable LC–MS/MS method has been established for the quantitation of acipimox in rat plasma and tissue homo...
β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is the most abundant ketone body produced during ketosis, a process initiated by glucose depletion and the β-oxidation of fatty acids in hepatocytes. Traditionally recognized as an alternative energy substrate during...
Adenoviruses (Ad) are commonly used both experimentally and clinically, including oncolytic virotherapy applications. In the clinical area, efficacy is frequently hampered by the high rates of neutralizing immunity, estimated as high as 90% in some p...
Physical activity (PA) and quality sleep are essential for cognitive health, providing synergistic protection against age-related cognitive decline. However, the shared molecular pathways that explain their combined and interactive benefits remain po...
The color of an apple is an important index of its appearance quality, which affects the fruit’s marketability and value. The green variety “Granny Smith” remains green when ripe, and the pigment in the peel is mainly chlorophyll. T...
The genus Hippophae (sea buckthorn) is widely cultivated and consumed in Asia and Europe. The fruit color is an important appearance and commercial trait for sea buckthorn, which is closely related to the biosynthesis and accumulation of various nutr...
Background: Sarcopenia is a syndrome associated with aging, characterized by a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and function. Its onset compromises the health and longevity of older adults by increasing susceptibility to falls, fractures,...
Torreya grandis is a widely cultivated fruit species in China that is valued for its significant economic and agricultural importance. The molecular mechanisms underlying pigment formation and photosynthetic performance in Torreya leaf color mutants...
Objectives: According to published data, mangiferin has the potential to prevent diabetes mellitus. The aim of this work was to obtain in vivo evidence of the biological activity of mangiferin predicted in silico. Methods: A prediction using the IT M...
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In biological therapy, infliximab became the first anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agent approved for IBD. Despite this success, inf...
Celery is an important leaf vegetable crop in Apiaceae, of which the petiole and leaf blade are the main edible parts. The content and proportion of photosynthetic pigments, mainly chlorophyll, have an important effect on the growth and quality of ce...
The transition from energy sufficiency to deficiency triggers complex metabolic and immune adaptations that have traditionally been viewed through a reductionist pathological lens. During early lactation, coordinated mobilization of adipose tissue, m...
The Nguni cattle of South Africa are a Sanga breed, characterized by many eco-types and research populations that have been established in an effort to conserve the diversity within the breed. The aim of this study was to investigate the overall gene...
Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that currently lacks satisfactory treatment options. Therefore, new targets for new drugs are urgently needed to combat this disease. In the present study, we investigated the transcriptomi...