The viscosities of the industrial basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag with varying compositions of MgO, Al2O3, TiO2, and MnO were continuously measured at a temperature range between 1400 and 1700 °C using the rotating bob method. Three characteristi...
The control of slag foam that is produced during the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) process has been the subject of significant research. The behaviour of slag foams is complex. Hence, the control of slag foam in the dynamic process of the BOF is challen...
In order to examine the geometric characteristics of BOF (blast oxygen furnace) slag coarse aggregate, the aggregate image measurement system (AIMS) was used to analyze the sphericity, gradient angularity and micro texture. Both volumetric and mechan...
In order to solve the problem of solid waste pollution of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag in the metallurgical process, this paper took BOF slag as the research object, and carried out oxidation reconstruction of BOF slag and alcohol wet magnetic sep...
The BOF steelmaking process involves complex physical and chemical reactions, making precise control challenging when relying solely on human experience. Therefore, understanding the reaction mechanisms and developing simulation models for the BOF pr...
In the process of converting pig iron into steel, some co-products are generated—among which, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is highlighted due to the great amount generated (about 126 kg of BOF slag per ton of steel grade). Great efforts have...
In order to ensure the safety of traffic, asphalt pavement is commonly required to utilize aggregates with excellent anti-abrasion property. This results in the lack of high-quality aggregates. The incorporation of solid waste in the aggregates is re...
Civil engineering faces a substantial challenge when dealing with soft and compressible clayey soils. Conventional soil stabilization techniques involving ordinary Portland cement (OPC) result in notable CO2 emissions. This study explores the utiliza...
Differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG), and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to study the thermal behavior of the blast furnace (BF) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) sludges generated from the iron-making industry. The results indic...
Railway ballast, for which natural crushed stone aggregates have been generally used, is an essential track component for the distribution of train loads along the rails and sleepers to the roadbed. However, the use of natural crushed stone aggregate...
This study investigates the stabilization of expansive soil using basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag, an eco-friendly steel by-product, as an alternative to conventional stabilizers like ordinary Portland cement. By evaluating varying concentrations of...
This study investigated the effects of lithium slag and iron tailings on the hydration mechanism of Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) slag cement paste with the addition of 0.06% diethanol-isopropanolamine (DEIPA). This study examined the fluidity, compress...
The basic oxygen furnace (BOF) is the dominating primary steelmaking process. It is an autothermal process where hot metal and scrap are used as charging materials. The decarbonization and transformation of integrated BOF steelmaking will be the most...
Portland cement tends to exhibit negative environmental impacts; thus, it is required to find measures that will improve its green credentials. In this study, we report a blended Portland slag cement as an alternative environmentally-friendly buildin...
Scrap charge selection has a significant influence on the thermal balance of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process and consequently on the final melt temperature. This paper presents a hybrid deterministic, regression, and machine learning framework...
Ensuring the high quality of end product steel by removing phosphorus content in Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) is essential and otherwise leads to cold shortness. This article aims at understanding the dephosphorization process through end-point P-conte...
Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag accounts for the majority of all residual materials produced during steelmaking and may typically contain certain transition metals. Vanadium, in particular, came into focus in recent years because of its potential env...
In this study, the decarburization behavior in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking was investigated based on the multi-zone reaction mechanism. The contributions of the main reaction zones to decarburization were clarified, and the effects of key...
Recycled steel is a key material for sustainable development. However, not all steel demand can be met by recycling, and therefore new metallic iron must be introduced in the global cycle. The transformation of iron oxides into steel requires carbon...
Accurately predicting molten steel carbon content plays a crucial role in improving productivity and energy efficiency during the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. However, current data-driven methods primarily focus on endpoint carbon...
The key to endpoint control in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking lies in accurately predicting the endpoint carbon content and temperature. However, BOF steelmaking data are complex and change distribution due to variations in raw material batch...
This study proposes a synergistic treatment method for BOF slag and copper slag via oxidation–magnetic separation, with the dual goals of preparing MgFe2O4 magnetic material and stabilizing the non-magnetic slag. The effects of copper slag addi...
Nitrogen control in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking is critical, as dissolved nitrogen concentrations exceeding 30–40 ppm detrimentally affect the mechanical properties and formability of low-carbon steel products; however, no prior stud...
The pulverized lime/limestone injection by top oxygen blowing lance during the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process has gained much interest in recent years due to its advantages in helping slag formation and consequently in promoting refining reaction...
To achieve the stabilization and high-value utilization of Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag leaching residues, this study proposes a synergistic strategy combining compaction and pressurized carbonation. The effects of moisture content, molding pressu...
This study benchmarks eight Python-based machine learning models for predicting nitrogen content across four sequential stages of BOF steelmaking. A dataset of 291 metallic samples from 76 heats was employed, covering pig iron desulfurization (PHASE...
An improved computational model to describe the decarburization process in basic oxygen furnaces for steel making is presented in this work. A dynamic model was thus developed to calculate the decarburization rate and its breakup as a contribution co...
Owing to the continuous deterioration in the quality of iron ore and scrap, there is an increasing focus on improving the Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) process to utilize lower grade input materials. The present paper discusses dephosphorization in BOF...
This experimental study aimed to develop alkali-activated concretes containing carbonated basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag aggregates. In the first stage, the impacts of replacing normal aggregates with carbonated BOF slag aggregates in different alka...
Oxygen is an important energy medium in the steelmaking process. The accurate dynamic prediction of oxygen demand is needed to guarantee molten steel quality, improve the production rhythm, and promote the collaborative optimization of production and...
Nowadays, the steel industry is seeking to reduce its carbon footprint without affecting productivity or profitability. This challenge needs to be supported by continuous improvements in equipment, methods, sensors and models. The present work expose...
Basic oxygen furnaces (BOFs) are widely used to produce steel from hot metal. The process typically has limited automation which leads to sub-optimal operation. Economically optimal operation can be potentially achieved by using a dynamic optimizatio...
An oxygen lance is the operation unit that generates supersonic oxygen jets, controls their behavior, and acts as a vital role in the steelmaking process. It is thought that airflow similar to a tornado may suppress upward splashing because of part o...
Mineral carbonation of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag produced in the steel-making process not only provides an effective approach for carbon dioxide storage, but also stabilizes the slag such that it can be reused as a construction material. Ge...
Rebar is a critical material in concrete constructions like high-rise buildings and seismic-resistant structures. To enhance its properties, microalloying with nitrogen is employed, but traditional methods using micro alloy additives such as vanadium...
In oxygen steelmaking, the charge calculation strongly depends on hot metal temperature prediction. Although a hot metal temperature drop from the blast furnace in a steel plant may be too complex to be accurately modeled in detail, the combined use...
Upgrading primary basic oxygen furnace (BOF) off-gas treatment changes pollutant removal, utility demand, and energy recovery simultaneously. Its life cycle benefits therefore depend on the energy actually displaced and the additional inputs required...
As an industrial waste, basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is an ideal substitute for natural rubble and sand. However, its potential instability of volume restricts the application of the BOF slag in engineering. This study aims at investigating the vo...
The fillers of ordinary and pyrolytic basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag were selected to investigate the properties of their asphalt mastic. XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) was used to analyze chemical composition of fillers. Meanwhile, SEM (Scanning Electron...
Steel slag (SS) is a secondary material from steelmaking production with little commercial value. Its volumetric expansion and low reactivity limit the use of SS in Portland cement (PC)-based materials. This study investigated the potential use of ba...
Activation of pro-σK processing requires a signaling protease SpoIVB that is secreted from the forespore into the space between the two cells during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Bypass of forespore protein C (BofC) is an inhibitor preventi...
Before using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) in any engineering application, it is important to determine its properties. The chemical composition, mineralogy, and physical properties of BOF slag are subject to large fluctuations as a result of diff...
Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag (BOF), as alternatives for aggregate in asphalt pavement construction, is beneficial to the environment by reducing land occupation and resource consumption. However, the quantitative effects on energy consumption and emissi...
Basic oxygen furnace slag (BOF) is widely used in road construction, but there is a lack of characteristics in different asphalt mixtures. This study investigates the properties of hot-mixed asphalt (HMA), containing stone mastic asphalt (SMA), porou...
It is widely recognized that microbial inoculants (MI) and bio-organic fertilizers (BOFs) containing beneficial microorganisms can play an important role in improving orchard soil properties and enhancing fruit quality. However, insufficient data reg...
Plants are ubiquitous in human life. Recognizing an unknown plant by its leaf image quickly is a very interesting and challenging research. With the development of image processing and pattern recognition, plant recognition based on image processing...
End-point phosphorus content in steel in a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) acts as an indicator of the quality of manufactured steel. An undesirable amount of phosphorus is removed from the steel by the process of dephosphorization. The degree of phosphor...
Accurate endpoint control in basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking is essential for reducing production costs and improving steel quality. To overcome the limited mechanism support and poor transparency of purely data-driven models, this study propo...
Autonomous vehicle systems are currently the object of intense research within scientific and industrial communities; however, many problems remain to be solved. One of the most critical aspects addressed in both autonomous driving and robotics is env...
This study introduces an innovative process for stabilizing BOF slag by blowing oxygen into molten slag, addressing challenges associated with conventional methods that require silica injection. Molten BOF slag from a steelmaking workshop at China St...
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