84 Results Found

Erosion corrosion performance of API 5L-X65 carbon steel was investigated at three different impingement velocities (3, 6 & 12 m/s), five different angles (15, 30, 45, 60, & 90°), and with/without solid particles (average particle size of...

Most oil and gas production wells have plenty of corrosive species present along with solid particles. In such production environments, CO₂ gas can dissolve in free phase water and form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃). This carbonic acid, along with fluid flow...

Low-carbon steel is widely used in industrial pipelines, and corrosion studies are focused mostly on erosion-corrosion, its prediction and control. In this paper, the corrosion rate in pipelines is modeled using a flow loop and measured by linear pol...

Limited studies have been conducted on the effect of a magnetic field on the corrosion behavior of steels. Investigating the effect on pipeline material in the oil and gas industries will be beneficial regarding corrosion prediction and control. In t...

Corrosive fatigue failure of submarine pipelines is very common because the pipeline is immersed in a sea environment. In Bohai sea, many old pipelines are made of API 5L X56 steel materials, and it is necessary to provide an accurate method for pred...

The microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints of API 5L X-52 steel plates cladded with AISI 316L-Si austenitic stainless steel were evaluated. The gas metal arc welding process with pulsed arc (GMAW-P) and controlled arc oscillation w...

The application of Artificial Neuronal Networks (ANN) offers better statistical accuracy in erosion-corrosion (E-C) predictions compared to the conventional linear regression based on Multifactorial Analysis (MFA). However, the limitations of ANN to...

This paper employs the Finite Element Method (FEM) to simulate and analyze the effects of corrosion defect parameters on the stress and failure pressure of pipelines. It investigates how the boundary conditions of the pipeline model influence stress...

This study focuses on advancing the production of predominantly bainitic heavy plates to meet the API 5L X80 standard. The investigation involves a thorough evaluation of the influence of rolling parameters and austenite conditioning on both microstr...

It is well known that the mechanical properties of a steel plate depend on the anisotropy of the material and the rolling directions. This paper presents the results of the Charpy V-Notch (CVN) impact test for the ST, TL, TS, LS, LT, 45°, and SL...

This work presents a comparative study of five rare earth compounds—Erbium nitrate pentahydrate lll (Er), Neodymium nitrate pentahydrate (Nd), Samarium III Nitrate Hexahydrate (Sm), Yterbium III Chloride Hexahydrate (Yb) and Praseodymium nitrat...

Near-neutral pH and a low redox potential are considered favorable conditions for immobilizing radionuclides in deep repository systems within clay formations. Cigeo is the future French Industrial Center for Geological Disposal for high- and interme...

In the context of the deep geological disposal of high-level and intermediate-level long-lived radioactive waste in France, the Callovian–Oxfordian (Cox) clay formation has been selected as a natural barrier. Thus, understanding the corrosion p...

Refineries piping installation systems are designed, fabricated, and operated to assure very high levels of quality and structural integrity, to provide very high resilience to catastrophic events like earthquakes, explosions, or fires, which could i...

In the present research work, the temperature effect on the corrosion inhibition process of API 5L X60 steel in 1 M H₂SO₄ by employing three vinylimidazolium poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) was studied by means of electrochemical techniques, surface analy...

Pressure vessels are subjected to deterioration and damage, which can significantly reduce their strength and loading capabilities. Among several procedures nowadays available to repair damaged steel pipelines, composite-repairing systems have become...

Mechanical properties of welded joints depend on the way heat flows through the welding passes. In multipass welding the reheating of the heat affected zone (HAZ) can form local brittle zones that need to be delimited for evaluation. The difficulty l...

Mechanical damage is recognized as a problem that reduces the performance of oil and gas pipelines and has been the subject of continuous research. The artificial neural network in the spotlight recently is expected to be another solution to solve th...

Fatigue endurance anisotropic behavior was evaluated for an API 5L X42 pipeline steel through axial force-controlled fatigue tests amongst Longitudinal, Diagonal, and Circumferential directions. This study shows that fatigue life anisotropy is mainly...

Thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP) is employed to obtain the required level of mechanical properties of contemporary HSLA steel plates utilized for gas and oil pipeline production. The strength and crack resistance of pipeline steels are...

The influence of the centerline segregation region (CSR) on the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of two different API 5L X80 pipeline steel plates was investigated. The novelty of this work was to establish relationships between the CSR, microstructure, a...

The most economical way to move liquids and gaseous hydrocarbons is by using pipelines. According to several international organizations and oil companies, the use of fossil fuels will continue in the following decades. For this reason, it is importa...

In this work, plasma nitriding was carried out to improve the corrosion resistance of API 5L X70 steel. The process was conducted at different treatment times, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h, to determine which one provides greater resistance to corrosion. The co...

Mild or low-carbon steel has an increasing utilization and is widely used for building construction, machinery parts, and pipelines, because it can be machined easily and has enhanced weldability as well as a low price. In any case, the corrosion res...

A series of novel 1-N-α-d-glucopyranosyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole xanthines was synthesized from azido sugars (glucose, galactose, and lactose) and propargyl xanthines (theophylline and theobromine) using a typical copper (I)-catalyzed azide–alk...

The quest to replace toxic chemicals in the nearest future is revolutionizing the corrosion inhibitor research world by turning its attention to plant biomaterials. Herein, we report the corrosion inhibiting potential of butanolic extract of date pal...

To solve the issue of insufficient pollinating of insects for the oil tree peony ‘Feng Dan’ (Paeonia ostii T. Hong et J.X. Zhang) and improve its seed set and yield, we conducted observations from 2017 to 2018 to investigate the relations...

Metallic materials undergo many metallurgical changes when subjected to welding thermal cycles, and these changes have a considerable influence on the thermo-mechanical properties of welded structures. One method for evaluating the welding thermal cy...

Dent is a common form of defect on oil and gas pipeline. Some dents will undergo elastic or plastic recovery due to changes in internal pressure, also known as springback. To analyze the springback law of an API X60 pipeline with a dent defect, the s...

Microbially influenced corrosion represents a critical challenge to the integrity and durability of carbon steel infrastructure, particularly in environments conducive to biofilm formation by nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB). This study investigated t...

Conventional pipeline corrosion assessment methods produce conservative failure pressure predictions for pipes under the influence of both internal pressure and longitudinal compressive stress. Numerical approaches, on the other hand, are computation...

In this research, stress-oriented hydrogen induced cracking (SOHIC) test was carried out on a 50 mm thickness of a commercial API 5L X70 steel plate. The evolution of microscopic features such as phase, boundary, interface, grain, and crystallographi...

The oil and gas industry is involved with severe corrosive/sour environmental conditions due to H₂S, CO₂, and moisture content. The National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) has developed standards to enable users to select suitable material...

Conventional pipeline failure pressure assessment codes do not allow for failure pressure prediction of interacting defects subjected to combined loadings. Alternatively, numerical approaches may be used; however, they are computationally expensive....

In this work, the results obtained from studying the anodic dissolution of pure iron and API X-65 5L pipeline steel after 40 min and 12 h exposure period in 4.0 wt % NaCl solutions at room temperature were reported. Potential-time, electrochemical im...

During the trial production of Armillarisin A for injection (AA-I), unidentified needle-like yellow-brown crystals were occasionally observed. Here, we report an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) me...

The corrosion steels phenomenon is one of the main problems in the oil industry, such as in buried transmission pipelines used for high gas pressure for long distances. Steels are protected from the external soil corrosion through a bituminous coatin...

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus is a generalist that can adapt to different ecological niches, serving as a valuable source of probiotics. The genome of L. rhamnosus X253 contains one chromosome and no plasmids, with a size of 2.99 Mb. Both single-copy...

High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels are the materials of choice in pipeline construction with the API X70 grade as the steel for the majority of pipeline networks constructed during the late 20th and early this century. This paper reports on the in...

The laser-directed energy deposition (L-DED) technique, with its excellent environmental adaptability and superior repair capability, shows great potential for the repair of damaged X70 pipeline steel. In this work, the microstructure and mechanical...

There have been conflicting findings on hydrological dynamics in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs)—attributed to differences in climate, altitude, topography, and vegetation. We contribute another observation-based comparison between a TMC...

Binary mixtures of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) are researched to improve the oral bioavailability of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The purpose of this study was to obtain mixtures of meloxicam and L-tartaric acid because tartaric acid impr...

Currently, the use of synthetic inhibitors in preventing corrosion is destructive to the environment; therefore, natural inhibitors might be an alternative and innovative solution to this challenge, owing to their sustainability. Herein, wasted avoca...

In this work we studied nanoceria (CeO₂NPs) and nanoceria modified by 5-fluorouracil (5FU) as potential APIs. Nanoceria were synthesized by precipitation in a matrix of hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, using cerium (III) nitra...

An efficient one-pot synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives of dihydropyrimidinones has been developed using two multicomponent reactions. The aldehyde-1,2,3-triazoles were obtained in good yields from in situ-generated organic azides and O-propargy...

Although the use and promotion of renewable energies have increased in recent years, it is evident that the use of fossil fuels such as oil and gas continues to be of great importance. Likewise, pipelines are widely recognized as the most reliable an...

Traditional natural gas transportation pipeline steels, such as API 5L X42 grade and the higher grades, are currently receiving a lot of attention in terms of their potential implementation in hydrogen transmission infrastructure. However, the micros...

Melanin is an important component of the body color of honeybees, and its formation changes with the age of a capped brood of bees. However, up to now, the regulatory mechanism of melanin formation in honeybees remains unclear. To analyze the differe...

Coal-measure source rocks are generally developed in marsh facies under a humid climate and are rarely reported in a carbonate platform or a mixed platform. Carboniferous seawater intruded from west to east in the Tarim Basin, and mixed platform depo...

The use of biocompatible polymers such as Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and Carbopol in solid formulations results in mucoadhesive systems capable of promoting the prolonged and locali...