275 Results Found

Despite the intramuscular route being the most used vaccination strategy against SARS-CoV-2, the intradermal route has been studied around the globe as a strong candidate for immunization against SARS-CoV-2. Adjuvants have shown to be essential vacci...

There is so far no vaccine approved for human leishmaniasis, mainly because of the lack of appropriate adjuvants. This study aimed to evaluate in mice the capacity of a mixture of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and AddaVax® adjuvants in enhancing the...

Since some cases of human infections with H5N8 avian influenza virus have been reported and caused great concern in recent years, it is important to develop an effective vaccine for human use to prevent a potential H5N8 pandemic. In the present study...

MF59 and AS03 are squalene emulsion-based vaccine adjuvants with similar compositions and droplet sizes. Despite their broad use in licensed influenza vaccines, few studies compared their adjuvant effects and action mechanisms side by side. Consideri...

Notwithstanding the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, influenza virus infection still represents a global health concern in terms of hospitalizations and possible pandemic threats. The objective of next-generation influenza vaccines is not only to increas...

As the clinical application of antibiotics for bacterial skin infections in companion animals becomes increasingly prevalent, the issue of bacterial resistance has become more pronounced. Antimicrobial peptides, as a novel alternative to traditional...

Current influenza vaccines mainly induce neutralizing antibodies against the highly variable surface antigen hemagglutinin and require annual manufacturing and immunization. Different from surface antigens, intracellular nucleoprotein (NP) is highly...

Fast and reliable workflows are needed to quantitate microcystins (MCs), a ubiquitous class of hepatotoxic cyanotoxins, so that the impact of human and environmental exposure is assessed quickly and minimized. Our goal was to develop a high-throughpu...

Influenza is a highly contagious disease and is transmitted by the upper respiratory tract. Vaccination is an effective strategy to prevent and control seasonal influenza. The current predominant split-inactivated influenza vaccine presents a high sa...

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most toxic and frequently detected monocyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, which poses a great threat to the natural ecosystem and public health. It is very important to seek environment-friendly a...

Over the past decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been extensively deployed in security-critical areas; however, the security of CNN models is threatened by adversarial attacks. Decision-based adversarial attacks, wherein an attacker re...

In 2016, Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894) (Crustacea, Amphipoda) was recorded for the first time in the River Adda, one of the main tributaries of the major Italian river, river Po. Here we investigate its distribution, population density and...

In the summer of 2018, six dogs exposed to a harmful algal bloom (HAB) of Microcystis in Martin County Florida (USA) developed clinicopathological signs of microcystin (MC) intoxication (i.e., acute vomiting, diarrhea, severe thrombocytopenia, elevat...

Computationally optimized broadly reactive antigens (COBRAs) are a next-generation universal influenza vaccine candidate. However, how these COBRAs induce antibody responses when combined with different adjuvants has not previously been well-characte...

The only vaccine against Haemonchus contortus is limited by short-lived antibody persistence and the need for frequent booster immunizations. This study leveraged the advantages of nano-adjuvants in enhancing antigen presentation and immune regulatio...

Based on current structural and statistical calculations, thousands of microcystins (MCs) can exist; yet, to date, only 246 MCs have been identified and only 12 commercial MC standards are available. Standard mass spectrometry workflows for known and...

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is upregulated in 20% to 30% of breast cancers and is a marker of a poor outcome. Due to the development of resistance to passive immunotherapy with Trastuzumab, active anti-HER2 vaccination strategies...

The secondary contamination of nodularin disinfection by-products (NOD-DBPs) is a problem worthy of attention. In this study, prototypical NOD-R-DBPs were prepared, and their toxicity was assessed using conventional protein phosphatase (PPs) inhibiti...

The secondary contamination of microcystin disinfection by-products (MC-DBPs) is of concern due to the residual structure similar to their original toxin. Based on identification and preparation, the potential inhibition effect of typical MCLR-DBPs (...

Biodegradation is efficient for removing cyanobacterial toxins, such as microcystins (MCs) and nodularin (NOD). However, not all the microbial strains with the microcystin-biodegrading enzymes MlrA and MlrC could biodegrade NOD. Studies on genes and...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease of infants and older people. There is an urgent need for safe and effective vaccines against RSV infection. In this study, we analyzed the effects of the i...

CD44, a pivotal cell surface molecule, plays a crucial role in many cellular functions, including cell-cell interactions, adhesion, and migration. It serves as a receptor for hyaluronic acid and is involved in lymphocyte activation, recirculation, ho...

Nodularin (NOD) is greatly produced by Nodularia spumigena and released into the environment when toxic cyanobacterial blooms happened in natural water body, which is seriously harmful to human and animals. The promising bacterial strain of Sphingopy...

The abuse or misuse of antimicrobials in animal production is thought to be a potential factor in the development of antimicrobial resistance in veterinary and human medicine. With this study, we wanted to quantify antimicrobial usage in beef fatteni...

The Automated Driving Data Analyzer (ADDA) is a modular application written in Python for the synchronized acquisition and analysis of physiological, vehicle, and interface data. It provides a managed data acquisition process and one-click data analy...

Bacterial degradation is one important Microcystin (MC) removal method in the natural environment. The traditional MC-degrading pathway was proposed based on the functions of individual recombinant Mlr enzymes and the structures of the main MC-degrad...

Biodegradation is important to regulate the toxicity and environmental risk of microcystins (MCs). To explore their regulation effectiveness and mechanism, typical biodegradation products originating from microcystin-LR (MCLR) were prepared and purif...

The attenuated yellow fever (YF) vaccine is one of the most successful vaccines ever developed. After a single dose administration YF vaccine can induce balanced Th1/Th2 immune responses and long-lasting neutralizing antibodies. These attributes endo...

Microcystins are toxic chemicals generated by certain freshwater cyanobacteria. These chemicals can accumulate to dangerous levels during harmful algal blooms. When exposed to microcystins, humans are at risk of hepatic injury, including liver failur...

Automated and accurate radar dealiasing algorithms are very important for their assimilation into operational numerical weather forecasting models. A radar radial velocity dealiasing algorithm aimed at radar data assimilation is introduced and assess...

Cyanobacteria synthesize a large variety of secondary metabolites including toxins. Microcystins (MCs) with hepato- and neurotoxic potential are well studied in bloom-forming planktonic species of temperate and tropical regions. Cyanobacterial biofil...

Successful SARS-CoV-2 inactivation allows its safe use in Biosafety Level 2 facilities, and the use of the whole viral particle helps in the development of analytical methods and a more reliable immune response, contributing to the development and im...

Nipah virus (NiV), of the Paramyxoviridae family, causes highly fatal infections in humans and is associated with severe neurological and respiratory diseases. Currently, no commercial vaccine is available for human use. Here, eight structure-based m...

This paper describes a realization of a bipolar current source developed by the paper's authors. The source is intended for use in galvanic and other industrial plants, where a pulse-reverse current supply (with the desired shape in time) is required...

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most widely distributed microcystin (MC) that is hazardous to environmental safety and public health, due to high toxicity. Microbial degradation is regarded as an effective and environment-friendly method to remove it,...

In the Po plain, northern Italy, rivers within agricultural basins display steep summer increases in nitrate (NO3−) concentrations. Flood irrigation in overfertilized, permeable soils may drive such diffuse pollution, facilitating interactions...

Nucleoprotein (NP) and matrix protein 1 (M1) are highly conserved among influenza A viruses and have been attractive targets to develop vaccines to elicit cross-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Yet, external antigens are often presented on ma...

Nodularin (NOD) is a cyclic penta-peptide hepatotoxin mainly produced by Nodularia spumigena, reported from the brackish water bodies of various parts of the world. It can accumulate in the food chain and, for safety reasons, levels of NOD not only i...

In situ aircraft measurements of the sizes and concentrations of liquid cloud droplets and ice crystals with maximum dimensions (Dmax) less than ~50 μm have been measured mainly using forward scattering probes over the past half century. The opera...

The paper describes a new PC and LabVIEW software package based system forelectrochemical research. An overview of well known electrochemical methods, such aspotential measurements, galvanostatic and potentiostatic method, cyclic voltammetry andEIS i...

Optical neural networks (ONNs) are getting more and more attention due to their advantages such as high-speed and low power consumption. However, in a non-ideal environment, the noise and low-bits control may heavily lead to a decrease in the accurac...

We have studied the interference caused by amplitude and phase distortions induced by rain in ultra-wideband communication systems designed for using amplitude modulation in GeoSurf future satellite constellations. The results concern radio links sim...

Plant-derived nutraceuticals are proposed as new key instruments to represent a profound “back to basics” shift in medical treatment. Data accumulated over the past ten years suggest that curcumin, the major active compound of the turmeri...

Domain adaptation is critical to transfer the invaluable source domain knowledge to the target domain. In this paper, for a particular visual attention model, saying hard attention, we consider to adapt the learned hard attention to the unlabeled tar...

A native, highly efficient microcystin-LR (MC-LR)-degrading bacterium named a7 was isolated from Lake Taihu and identified as Sphingopyxis sp. by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The strain a7 could totally degrade MC-LR at a rate of 3.33 mg/(L•h), as det...

Microcystins are hepatotoxic cyclic peptides produced by several cyanobacterial genera worldwide. In 2008, our research group identified eight new glycine-containing microcystin congeners in two hydro-terrestrial mat samples from the McMurdo Dry Vall...

Prognostic breeding is a crop improvement methodology that utilizes prognostic equations to enable concurrent selection for plant yield potential and stability of performance. There is a necessity for plant breeders to accurately phenotype plants in...

Tolvaptan is a recently available diuretic that blocks arginine vasopressin receptor 2 in the renal collecting duct. Its diuretic mechanism involves selective water reabsorption by affecting the water reabsorption receptor aquaporin 2. Given that liv...

Patients with glioblastoma have a very poor prognosis despite aggressive therapeutic strategies. Cytomegalovirus has been detected in >90% of glioblastoma tumors. This virus can affect tumor progression and may represent a novel glioblastoma thera...

Digital products companies are increasingly adopting subscription pricing, but consumers who pay the subscription service may not be able to access all digital products sold on the sales platform. This paper explores the question of why some digital...