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In cervids, age at first reproduction is an important life-history trait that can influence reproductive potential and population dynamics. Early reproduction in water deer may contribute to the persistence of hunted populations, but the reproductive...

Conventional machine learning approaches for hyperspectral crop trait estimation usually optimize preprocessing, feature selection, sample partitioning, and regression as separate steps. This can overlook interdependencies among steps and limit model...

Satellite DNAs (satDNAs) are highly repetitive sequences that contribute to genome organization, chromosome structure and evolution. Although studies in several Drosophila species have advanced our understanding of satDNA biology, most species remain...

Brown cotton is the most dominant type of naturally colored cotton (NCC), yet breeding it to combine desirable color with high fiber quality remains challenging. The previously developed FLP (pFbL2A-Lc-2A-GhPAP1D) transgenic cotton showed visually un...

Feature selection in metabolomics research frequently faces the challenges of high dimensionality, small sample size, and class imbalance. Particularly during biomarker screening in untargeted metabolomics, limited by experimental conditions, the ide...

High classification scores are meaningful only if the prediction target is physically consistent. We audited image-only, tabular-only and fusion experiments on 9000 ZooScan objects drawn from the 1,153,507-object PELGAS collection. The archived three...

Soybean production is severely threatened by soil salinization. Plants adapt to salt stress through multi-layered molecular responses, but whether these layers act cooperatively remains unclear. This study integrated six layers of data—H3K27me3...

Short Interspersed Elements (SINEs) are eukaryotic non-autonomous retrotransposons that rely on RNA polymerase III (pol III) for transcription. A specialized mammalian subset, designated T⁺ SINEs, harbors a canonical polyadenylation signal (AATAAA),...

Huitlacoche (Ustilago maydis) is an edible mushroom of interest as a source of bioactive compounds. This study characterized raw (RwH) and dry-cooked (DckH) huitlacoche extracts, evaluated their antioxidant activity and effects on lactic acid bacteri...

Adult gonadal transcriptomes reflect tissue specialization and reproductive activity. We compared testes and ovaries from seven male and seven female mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) and evaluated the results in an independent six-fish public cohort...

Abnormal expression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3 (ACSL3) has been reported to be associated with the development and progression of various tumors. Thus, we investigated the precise effects and underlying mechanisms of ACSL3 on melanoma. ACSL3...

RNA localization is a mechanism for establishing specific subcellular protein populations. Previously, we determined that each RNA has distinct spatial distributions using RNAScope. Here, we leveraged the biochemical properties of different detergent...

The Japanese flying squid (Todarodes pacificus) is a commercially important cephalopod in the Northwest Pacific. Since 2021, a pilot special fishing license system has been implemented in Weihai, Shandong Province, China, yet no systematic stock asse...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulate physiological signaling throughout spermatogenesis, but disruption of redox homeostasis by environmental exposures and paternal lifestyle factors can lead to oxidative stress. Although its effects on sperm DNA i...

Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3, also known as Cyvirus cyprinidallo3 or Koi herpesvirus (KHV)) and carp edema virus (CEV) are causing seasonal mortality outbreaks globally in wild and farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and koi (C. rubrofuscus). The...

Rhizocephalan barnacles induce profound changes in their crustacean hosts, yet the mechanisms underlying host manipulation remain poorly understood. Specialized invasive rootlet of the parasite interna penetrate the host ventral nerve cord and may me...

Popillia japonica Newman, 1838, is an invasive scarab that has rapidly spread in northern Italy since 2014, causing damage to crops, turfgrass, and ornamental plants. Native predators may exploit this newly available prey and contribute to its natura...

The widespread use of plastics has increased environmental contamination with micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), raising concerns about their potential health effects. Lifelong human exposure occurs mainly through ingestion and inhalation and begins fro...

Bovine microbiome research has expanded rapidly, yet evidence linking early microbial succession with reproductive maturation remains fragmented across microbial niches and developmental stages. To map the evolution of this field, we conducted a scie...

Food processing is still commonly evaluated one hurdle at a time. Salmonella enterica is rarely encountered in that condition: before a lethal step is applied, cells have often passed through acid, salt, desiccation, mild heat, chilling, oxidative co...

Root-knot nematodes are economically important plant-parasitic nematodes that damage roots, reduce plant growth, and limit crop productivity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized through biological processes have attracted interest as potential a...

Different NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases, namely AKR1A1, AKR1B10, AKR1C3, and CBR1, are responsible for daunorubicin metabolism and are thus involved in chemoresistance. Here, we used thiazolidinone derivatives as inhibitors of these enzymes in orde...

Biological nitrogen removal from wastewater with limited organic carbon is challenging, and carbon supplementation increases treatment inputs. We assessed whether an aerobically pre-acclimated microbial consortium could improve nitrogen removal in se...

The thyroglobulin (TG) gene is a cornerstone of vertebrate endocrinology, serving as the macromolecular precursor for thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Here, we reconstructed the full-length TG sequence of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a basal ve...

Thermal discharge from coastal nuclear power plants forms persistent temperature gradients in waters adjacent to outfalls, and is one of the typical anthropogenic disturbances in nearshore waters. However, whether fish community patterns under therma...

Muscle-associated lipids influence fish flesh composition, nutritional value, and sensory quality, but inconsistent definitions obscure comparisons among studies. This review distinguishes adipose tissue between anatomically distinct muscles, adipocy...

Over the past two decades, West Nile virus (WNV) has spread to many countries and caused substantial losses to life and property worldwide, while climate change has further influenced its transmission by affecting its vectors. To understand the globa...

Clubroot, a devastating disease affecting cabbage worldwide, is caused by the soilborne protist Plasmodiophora brassicae. From a cross between the resistant line ‘20CR01’ and the susceptible line ‘27-3-1’, we developed an F₂ p...

Oenothein B is a macrocyclic ellagitannin found in several medicinal plants, particularly Epilobium species traditionally used for prostate and urinary disorders. This review examines its chemistry, natural occurrence, pharmacological activities, mol...

With the continuous expansion of hydropower development in China, basin-scale river regulation has gradually evolved from the operation of single diversion dams to coordinated cascade regulation of multiple dams. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlyi...

Background: Asprosin is a fasting-induced glucogenic adipokine involved in hepatic glucose production and systemic energy homeostasis. Despite the substantial metabolic adaptations that occur during pregnancy, circulating asprosin concentrations in h...

The bovine gastrointestinal (GI) epithelium plays a central role in nutrient absorption, barrier regulation, and host–microbe interactions; however, primary cell-based in vitro systems for bovine GI tissues remain limited. Isolation and mainten...

Right ventricular (RV) adaptation and failure are major determinants of outcome in pulmonary hypertension (PH), yet transcriptomic signatures vary across models and cohorts. We investigated whether reproducible RV remodeling signals arise from chambe...

Background: High-resolution typing of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes is a core technology for dissecting genetic polymorphism in the MHC region of the human genome and has important clinical value in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, soli...

Invasive pests pose a significant threat to agriculture globally; effective monitoring methods utilizing attractive stimuli are thus essential for their management. Yellow traps are routinely used for pest monitoring, but other colors have been found...

Protein kinases regulate proliferation, genome maintenance, cellular plasticity, metabolism, and replicative potential. Their effects in cancer depend on genotype, tissue, cell state, and treatment history, which complicates both functional classific...

Contemporary biological information on Nile tilapia in Lake Nubia, Sudan, remains limited, which constrains evidence-based fishery management. This study provides an integrated assessment of life-history traits and biological reference points for Ore...

Self-amplifying vaccines based on alphavirus replicons are well established. Preclinical studies of self-amplifying vaccines based on orthoflaviviruses have also been described and include replicons based on Kunjin virus (KUNV). KUNV is an Australian...

Sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is a life-threatening clinical complication with persistently high global mortality, and specific therapeutic strategies remain limited. Pyroptosis and ferroptosis are well-documented regul...

Ammonia-nitrogen is a key environmental factor that affects fish survival. Previous studies have mainly focused on the physiological and biochemical responses of commercially farmed fish to ammonia-nitrogen, while the responses of endangered fish spe...

Carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence are reported to be converging in Klebsiella pneumoniae, but the reported frequency depends on how a hypervirulent genotype is defined. We analysed the NCBI Pathogen Detection Klebsiella organism group metadata...

Osteoarthritis is a prevalent chronic joint disease in humans, companion animals such as dogs and cats, and economic animals like horses and cattle. It primarily manifests as degeneration of articular cartilage, synovitis, and subchondral bone sclero...

Cancer progression depends on unchecked proliferation, genomic instability, and metastatic dissemination. G2 and S phase-expressed protein 1 (GTSE1), a microtubule-associated protein encoded on chromosome 22q13.31, was originally characterized as a c...

NOD2 sensing of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) promotes the production of chemokines by monocytes, which contribute to innate immune cell recruitment. Increasing evidence indicates that extracellular nucleotides shape innate immune outputs through P2 recept...

Low temperature is a major environmental stressor that severely affects the physiology and survival of marine fish. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying cold stress responses in spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus remain poorly understood,...

We reanalysed published human variant records and zebrafish tissue-mechanics data to prioritize substitutions for testing and select readouts for subsequent functional assessment. We curated 121 variant records, scored 102 substitutions and retained...

Meta-omics datasets are inherently high-dimensional, complicating their interpretation and limiting their application to ecological and ecosystem-level analyses. We present DIVE (Diversity-Informed Valuation of Ecosystem Functioning), a structured an...

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a major pregnancy complication linked to placental insufficiency, resulting from defective trophoblast differentiation, impaired maternal–fetal vascular adaptation, and altered nutrient sensing. This review syn...

Temperature variation is a key environmental factor affecting the physiology and ecology of wild birds; however, experimental evidence for how sustained temperature exposure shapes the gut microbiota of wild passerines remains limited. In this study,...

Disruption of daily patterns of activity, physiology, or social interaction is associated with stress and reduced fitness across species. In social insects such as honey bees (Apis mellifera), circadian organisation extends to the colony level, where...