The carbon isotopic behavior of hopane compounds during thermal maturation remains ambiguous due to limitations in current detection techniques. In this study, a low-maturity lacustrine shale sample was pyrolyzed in a hydrous semi-open pyrolysis syst...
This study systematically analyzed the composition of organic functional groups and changes in the carbon structure of kerogen at different stages of thermal maturity using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Laser Raman spectroscopy t...
The most organic-rich shales are defined in the Dobele Fm. of the Aeronian Stage of about 10 m thick in west Lithuania. This particular layer is documented in the whole Baltic Basin. Compatible shales are widely distributed in other basins referred t...
The presence of kerogen in source rocks gives rise to a plethora of potential gas storage mechanisms. Proper estimation of the gas reserve requires knowledge of the quantities of free and adsorbed gas in rock pores and kerogen. Traditional methods of...
When the thermal maturity of the Longmaxi Formation in the southern Sichuan Basin is too high, the pore structure of shale becomes poor. Therefore, to investigate the effect of organic matter thermal maturity on shale pore structure, a study was cond...
This study focuses on the thermal maturity of Permian deposits from the Zagros Basin, Southwest Iran, employing both optical methods (Thermal Alteration Index, Palynomorph Darkness Index, Vitrinite Reflectance, UV Fluorescence) and geochemical analys...
Shale oil and gas, as source-reservoir-type resources, result from organic matter hydrocarbon generation, diagenesis, and nanoscale pore during the evolution processes, which are essential aspects of shale gas enrichment and reservoir formation. To i...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the thermal maturity of Upper Badenian (Middle Miocene) petroleum source rocks of the Getic Depression, Romania, and to characterize the dispersed organic matter using organic petrography associated with Rock-Eval...
This study focuses on understanding the association of rare earth elements (REE; lanthanides + yttrium + scandium) with organic matter from the Middle Devonian black shales of the Appalachian Basin. Developing a better understanding of the role of or...
The use of mineral diagenetic indices and organic matter maturity is useful for reconstructing the evolution of sedimentary basins and critical assessments for potential source rocks for petroleum exploration. In this study, the relationship of clay...
The isoflavone changes occurring in mature soybeans during food processing have been well studied, but less information is available on the changes in immature soybeans during thermal processing. This study aimed to determine the effect of thermal pr...
The Grajcarek Unit of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB), at the boundary between the Central (Inner) and Outer Carpathians, resulted from the convergence of the ALCAPA (the Alps–Carpathians–Pannonia) block and European plate. The strongly deformed slice...
Immunosuppression plays a significant role in tumor recurrence and metastasis, ultimately causing poor survival outcomes. Overcoming immunosuppression and stimulating durable antitumor immunity are essential for tumor treatment. In our previous study...
Organic petrology is an important tool used to characterize dispersed organic matter (DOM) in sediments and sedimentary rocks, and to assess its thermal maturity. This study was carried out on 33 cutting samples (Middle-Upper Jurassic) from the Ramal...
The maturity of oil palm Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) is considered to be a significant factor that affects the profitability and salability of palm oil FFB. Typical methods of grading FFB consist of physical grading of fresh fruit, which is time-consum...
Utilizing geological and geochemical data, we re-assessed the thermal maturity of the Lower Cretaceous Vigla shales of the AY-3 well, located in the Internal Ionian geotectonic zone of Greece, using 1D thermal maturity modeling. Vigla shales primaril...
An assessment performed using raman spectroscopy has found space in the black shales of the Cisuralian-age rocks of the Karoo Basin in South Africa, particularly those from the Guadalupian Ripon, Cisuralian Whitehill and Prince Albert Formations. It...
Organic matter (OM)-hosted pores play a crucial role in unconventional shale reservoirs, with their development influenced by OM type and thermal maturity across terrestrial, transitional, and marine deposits. In this study, a comparative analysis of...
The effects of early thermal environment on growth, age at maturity, and sexual size dimorphism in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) are investigated. This study is a 654-day long rearing trial split into two sequential experimental phases termed EP1...
Understanding how liquid hydrocarbons flow through nanoporous shale matrices is essential for predicting shale oil productivity and evaluating unconventional resources. Despite substantial advances in geological and geochemical characterization, the...
It is evident that the increased focus on energy transition, will increase the demand for gas as it is the transitional fuel to the net zero CO2 emission era. The West Katakolo field is the only oil and gas discovery in Western Greece, and it is oper...
Shale oil and source rock samples of the Carboniferous Keluke Formation from well Chaiye 2 in the Delingha Depression were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Source rocks were highly mature at the gas generation stage with vitrinite re...
Deep coalbed methane (CBM) is not only an important alternative resource but also plays a crucial role in ensuring energy security and optimizing energy structure in China. However, with the progress of exploration, the gas adsorption characteristics...
The marine shale of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation–Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation is the main source rock and the target of shale gas exploration in the southern Sichuan Basin. The maturity of organic matter (OM) is a vital indicator...
Saturated hydrocarbons are widely used in the valuation of source rocks and oils, but the applicability of related parameters has received less attention. Based on the thermal simulation experiments on Mesozoic source rocks in the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basi...
The heterogeneity of shale pore systems, which is controlled by thermal maturation, fundamentally governs hydrocarbon storage and migration. Artificial sequence maturity samples of Xiamaling shale were obtained through a temperature–pressure si...
To better understanding the evolutionary characteristics of pore structure in marine shale with high thermal maturity, a natural Longmaxi marine shale sample from south China with a high equivalent vitrinite reflectance value (Ro = 2.03%) was selecte...
The marine shale of the Longmaxi Formation is the main layer for shale gas exploration and development in the Sichuan Basin. That said, the pore structure in the Longmaxi shale is strongly heterogeneous, and how these pores form and are preserved rem...
In the Wadi Matulla area, central Sinai, Egypt, an asymmetric baked zone having an average width of 103 m was formed on both sides of a sub-aerial rift-related Oligocene basaltic dyke cross-cutting organic matter-bearing chalky limestone of the Upper...
Thermal maturity assessment in Precambrian sedimentary successions is commonly hindered by the inapplicability of vitrinite reflectance and by the limited calibration of individual proxies. Here, we constrain the thermal maturity of a Mesoproterozoic...
When considering the deployment of renewable energy sources in systems, the challenge of their utilization comes from their time instability when a mismatch between production and demand occurs. With the integration of thermal storages into systems t...
Understanding the thermal evolution of foreland basins is essential for reconstructing hydrocarbon generation, migration, and accumulation, and for improving petroleum-system models in thrust-influenced foreland basins worldwide, including the Pre-Ur...
The Qiangtang Basin in the Tibetan Plateau exhibits a paradoxically reversed source-rock maturity pattern (high margins, low center), which presents a challenge to classical basin models. Critically, the unclear genetic mechanism behind this anomaly...
A key aspect on the evolution of rifted terranes and the prospectivity of the overlying sedimentary basins is heat. Temperature determines the deformation regime of crustal and mantle rocks and, thus, the style of rifting and geometry of rift basins....
By using gas physisorption and multifractal theory, this study analyzes pore structure heterogeneity and influencing factors during thermal maturation of naturally immature but artificially matured shale from the Kongdian Formation after being subjec...
Shale gas production is obviously higher within the Silurian Longmaxi Formation than that of the Cambrian Niutitang Formation according to the drilling test results in the northwest Hunan area. To clarify the reasons behind this variation, core sampl...
The eastern Kuqa Depression in the northern Tarim Basin, NW China, is rich in oil and gas. However, recent exploration has been hindered by a lack of knowledge on the evolution of the petroleum system. To address this, we conducted hydrocarbon genera...
The definition of pre-Messinian source rocks in the eastern Mediterranean is of paramount importance for hydrocarbon exploration because of the ability of salt to act as a high-quality seal rock. This research evaluates the organic geochemical featur...
Better understanding the controlling factors of shale oil quality including density and viscosity plays a key role in exploring these unconventional pay zones efficiently and profitably. The shale oil extracted from the middle Permian Lucaogou Format...
The crude oils from the reservoirs of Mela-01 and Mela-04 wells located in the Kohat Basin, Pakistan, were geochemically analyzed to evaluate the origin, depositional conditions, and thermal maturity of the rock units and possible facies from which t...
Eocene coal-bearing source rocks of the Pinghu Formation from the W-3 well in the western margin of the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin were analyzed using Rock-Eval pyrolysis and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry to investigate the samples’...
The Cooper subregion within the central Eromanga Basin is the Swiss army knife among Australia’s sedimentary basins. In addition to important oil and gas resources, it hosts abundant coal bed methane, important groundwater resources, features s...
Although the thermal effect of large salt tongues and allochthonous salt sheets in passive margins is described in the literature, little is known about the thermal effect of salt structures in confined rift basins where sub-vertical, closely spaced...
Some of the simplifying assumptions frequently used in basin modelling may adversely impact the quality of the constructed models. One such common assumption consists of using a laterally homogeneous crustal basement, despite the fact that lateral va...
The southern Bredasdorp Basin, off the south coast of South Africa, is only partly understood in terms of its hydrocarbon potential when compared to the central and northern parts of the basin. Hydrocarbon potential assessments in this part of the ba...
The present study focused on the Permian to Jurassic sequence in the Northern Highlands area, NW Jordan. The Permian to Jurassic sequence in this area is thick and deeply buried, consisting mainly of carbonate intercalated with clastic shale. This st...
It is well known that the existing horizontal-well-drilling and hydraulic fracturing technology used to achieve large-scale, cost-effective production from immature to low–moderate-maturity continental shale in China, where the organic matter m...
Building-scale concentrating solar thermal (CST) research spans diverse technologies and services, yet cross-service evidence on deployment maturity remains fragmented. This systematic evidence map assessed CST systems for heating, cooling, dehumidif...
The production of gas and condensate from liquid-rich shale reservoirs, particularly within heterogeneous lacustrine systems, remains a critical challenge in unconventional hydrocarbon exploration due to intricate multiphase hydrocarbon partitioning,...
The Permian Taiyuan and Shanxi Formations of the Upper Paleozoic in the Ordos Basin are the primary source rock sequences for tight sandstone gas. The core problem lies in the uncertainty surrounding the gas generation process at the overmature stage...
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