Depleted field effect transistors (DEPFET) are used to achieve very low noise signal charge readout with sub-electron measurement precision. This is accomplished by repeatedly reading an identical charge, thereby suppressing not only the white serial...
Focused ion beam (FIB) milling is a mask-free lithography technique that allows the precise shaping of 3D materials on the micron and sub-micron scale. The recent discovery of electronic nematicity in La2−xSrxCuO4 (LSCO) thin films triggered th...
The laser energy per unit surface, necessary to trigger material removal, decreases with the pulse shortening, becoming pulse–time independent in the sub-picosecond range. These pulses are shorter than the electron-to-ion energy transfer time a...
Precise recognition and localization of electronic components on printed circuit boards (PCBs) are crucial for industrial automation tasks, including robotic disassembly, high-precision assembly, and quality inspection. However, strong visual interfe...
At the molecular scale, the definition of solid/fluid boundary is ambiguous since its defining precision is comparable to the size of the electron orbitals. It is important to figure out the sub-atomic-level solid/fluid boundary as the definition of...
Reliable detection of counterfeit electronic, electrical, and electromechanical devices within critical information and communications technology systems ensures that operational integrity and resiliency are maintained. Counterfeit detection extends...
Thin films of poly(arylene ethynylene)-conjugated polymers, including low-energy-gap donor–acceptor polymers, can be prepared via stepwise polymerization utilizing surface-confined Sonogashira cross-coupling. This robust and efficient polymeriz...
Real−time single−frequency precise point positioning (PPP) is a promising low−cost technique for achieving high−precision navigation with sub−meter or centimeter−level accuracy. However, its effectiveness depends h...
Introduction: The main goal of radiotherapy (RT) is to deliver a precise dose to the target while sparing the surrounding normal tissue and minimizing side effects. Appropriate patient immobilization is crucial, especially for head and neck cancer (H...
Electrocatalysts play an important role in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in promoting the reaction process. Although commercial Pt/C exhibits excellent performance in ORR, the low duration, high cost, and poor methanol tolerance seriously restrict...
Future electron-positron collider experiments aim at the precise measurement of the Higgs boson, electroweak physics and the top quark. Based on the particle-flow paradigm, a novel highly granular crystal electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) is propose...
At sub-3 nm nodes, the scaling of lateral devices represented by a fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and gate-all-around field effect transistors (GAAFET) faces increasing technical challenges. At the same time, the development of vertical devices...
The search for keV-scale sterile neutrinos in tritium beta decay is made possible through the theoretically allowed small admixture of electron flavor in right-handed, singlet, massive neutrino states. A distinctive feature of keV-scale sterile-neutr...
The characterization of nanostructured surfaces with sensitivity in the sub-nm range is of high importance for the development of current and next-generation integrated electronic circuits. Modern transistor architectures for, e.g., FinFETs are reali...
Electron microscopy has proved to be a major tool to study the structure of self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymer particles. These specimens, like supramolecular biological structures, are problematic for electron microscopy because of their poo...
Laser welding, which is known for its precision and high welding rate, offers a high-cooling-rate processing environment. In this study, laser welding was applied to interstitial-free steel plates with phosphorous additions of 0.002 and 0.009 wt%. Af...
Focused Electron Beam Induced Deposition (FEBID) is a unique tool to produce nanoscale materials. The resulting deposits can be used, for instance, as humidity or strain sensors. The humidity sensing concept relies on the fact that FEBID using organo...
We have investigated the effect of electron effective mass (me*) and tail acceptor-like edge traps density (NTA) on the electrical characteristics of amorphous-InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) through numerical simulation. To examine the...
Lithography is crucial to semiconductor manufacturing, enabling the production of smaller, more powerful electronic devices. This review explores the evolution, principles, and advancements of key lithography techniques, including extreme ultraviolet...
We have developed new a deep-towed seismic streamer for sub-bottom profiling. To obtain a high-resolution seismic signal, this streamer can be operated at depths of up to 2000 m, and state-of-the-art technology is adopted with electronics circuits, t...
Micro- and nanoscale chemical and structural heterogeneities, whether they are intrinsic material properties like grain boundaries or intentionally encoded via nanoscale fabrication techniques, pose a challenge to current material characterization me...
More and more chemosensors and biosensors are turning to electronic transistors, as they are ideal transducers, precise in current response, miniaturized in size and capable of providing sub-picomolar detection limits. Among these devices, ISFET tran...
Due to the advantages of easy implementation and fine jamming effect, barrage jamming against synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has received extensive attention in the field of electronic countermeasures. However, most methods of barrage jamming still h...
Over the last decade, the increased use of information and communication technology (ICT) in agriculture applications has led to the definition of the concept of precision farming or equivalently smart agriculture. In this respect, the latest progres...
As radio frequency (RF) hardware continues to improve, many technologies that were traditionally impractical have suddenly become viable alternatives to legacy systems. Two-way ranging (TWR) is often considered a poor positioning solution for airborn...
The compounds AELi2Ge (AE = Ca, Sr and Ba) were synthesized, and their structures were determined as a part of the exploratory work in the Li-rich regions of the respective ternary systems. The three compounds are isostructural, and their crystal str...
Implantable active electronic microchips are being developed as multinode in-body sensors and actuators. There is a need to develop high throughput microfabrication techniques applicable to complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)-based silicon...
In this study, sintered silicon carbide is machined on a high-precision milling machine with a high-speed spindle, closed-loop linear drives and friction-free micro gap hydrostatics. A series of experiments was undertaken varying the relevant process...
In conventional synthetic aperture radar (SAR), sensors with a fixed look angle are assumed, and the scattering properties are considered as invariant in the azimuth. In some new SAR modes such as wide-angle SAR and circular SAR (CSAR), the azimuthal...
In order to meet the requirements of modern portable electronics for high accuracy and low power consumption of bandgap reference circuits, a new low-voltage bandgap reference with a second-order compensated circuit at 1.8 V is proposed. It features...
Zero-depth nanopores present a promising solution to the challenges associated with ultrathin membranes used in solid-state resistive pulse sensors for DNA sequencing. Most existing fabrication methods are either complex or lack the nanoscale precisi...
Block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly is a promising tool for next generation lithography as microphase separated polymer domains in thin films can act as templates for surface nanopatterning with sub-20 nm features. The replicated patterns can, howeve...
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) are analytical techniques enabling precise analysis of the electronic structure and local atomic environment in chemical compounds and materials. Their application spans materi...
The low-level radio frequency (LLRF) control system is one of the fundamental parts of a particle accelerator, ensuring the stability of the electro-magnetic (EM) field inside the resonant cavities. It leverages on the precise measurement of the fiel...
Laser interferometers that operate over a dynamic range exceeding one wavelength are used as compact displacement sensors for gravitational wave detectors and inertial sensors and in a variety of other high-precision applications. A number of approac...
Eddy current testing (ECT) is a crucial non-destructive testing (NDT) technique extensively used across various industries to detect surface and sub-surface defects in conductive materials. This review explores the latest advancements and methodologi...
This article starts with an introductory survey of previous work on breaking and restoring the electronic structure symmetry of atoms and molecules by means of two laser pulses. Accordingly, the first pulse breaks the symmetry of the system in its gr...
The genome of influenza A viruses (IAV) consists of eight single-stranded negative sense viral RNAs (vRNAs) encapsidated into viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). It is now well established that genome packaging (i.e., the incorporation of a set of eigh...
Cosmogenic Ne isotopes are used for constraining the timing and rate of cosmological and Earth surface processes. We combined an automated gas extraction (laser) and purification system with a Thermo Fisher ARGUS VI mass spectrometer for high through...
Sub-micro dislocation cellular structures formed during rapid solidification break the strength–ductility trade-off in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed 316L stainless steel through high-density dislocations and segregated elements or pr...
The combination of high-density, high-time-resolution inorganic scintillation crystals such as Lutetium Yttrium Oxyorthosilicate (LYSO), Yttrium Orthosilicate (YSO) and Bismuth Germanate (BGO) with Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors is widely emp...
Electronic invoicing has been mandatory for Italian companies since January 2019. All the invoices are structured in a predefined xml template which facilitates the extraction of the information. The main aim of this paper is to exploit the informati...
Nanofluidics is supposed to take advantage of a variety of new physical phenomena and unusual effects at nanoscales typically below 100 nm. However, the current chip-based nanofluidic applications are mostly based on the use of nanochannels with line...
The local integration of metal nanoparticle films on 3D-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidic devices is of high importance for applications including electronics, electrochemistry, electrocatalysis, and localized Raman sensing. C...
Analytical modeling presents symmetries and aesthetic-mathematical characteristics which are not catchable in numerical computation for science and technology; nanoscience plays a significant role in unification attempts, considering also models incl...
This work presents a novel development of the impact-based mechanism for piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters. More precisely, the effect of an impacting mass on a cantilever piezoelectric transducer is studied both in terms of the tip mass valu...
Early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) is critical to prevent its serious complications. An ensemble of classifiers is an effective way to enhance classification performance, which can be used to diagnose complex diseases, such as DM. This paper p...
In step with the development of Industry 4.0, research on automatic operation technology and components related to automobiles is continuously being conducted. In particular, the torque angle sensor (TAS) module of the steering wheel system is consid...
Southern Chile placer gold deposits have been known and exploited since Spanish colonial times. Despite this, precise knowledge about their origin is scarce. This work aims to identify possible primary sources of the gold in the Pureo placers by stud...
This paper presents a new small-signal model for double-channel (DC)–high-electron-mobility transistors, developed through an analysis of the unique coupling effects between channels in devices. Unlike conventional single-channel HEMTs, where e...
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