Skip to Content
You are currently on the new version of our website. Access the old version .

123 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,046 Views
17 Pages

18 April 2025

Since high complexity and uncertainty is inherent in real-world environments that can influence the strategies choices of agents, we introduce a stochastic perturbation term to characterize the interference caused by uncertain factors on multi-agent...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,281 Views
19 Pages

A Nonlinear Convergence Consensus: Extreme Doubly Stochastic Quadratic Operators for Multi-Agent Systems

  • Rawad Abdulghafor,
  • Sultan Almotairi,
  • Hamad Almohamedh,
  • Badr Almutairi and ,
  • Abdullah Bajahzar and
  • Sulaiman Sulmi Almutairi
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

3 April 2020

We investigate a novel nonlinear consensus from the extreme points of doubly stochastic quadratic operators (EDSQO), based on majorization theory and Markov chains for time-varying multi-agent distributed systems. We describe a dynamic system that ha...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Symmetry2026, 18(11), 1908;https://doi.org/10.3390/sym18111908 
(registering DOI)

14 November 2026

This paper investigates the bipartite output feedback tracking control problem for stochastic nonlinear heterogeneous leader-following multi-agent systems under signed communication graphs, where multiplicative measurement noise exists in information...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Optimal Control and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,818 Views
24 Pages

16 May 2025

In this paper, the fixed-time control for high-order nonlinear multi-agent systems under unknown stochastic time delay is investigated via an event-triggered approach. First of all, RBF neural networks are utilized to approximate the system’s u...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in Modeling, Cooperative Control, and Decision-Making Method for the Collective Large-Scale Intelligent Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,467 Views
16 Pages

Fractional differential equations, which are non-local and can better describe memory and genetic properties, are widely used to describe various physical, chemical, and biological phenomena. Therefore, the multi-agent systems based on discrete-time...

(This article belongs to the Section Complexity)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,049 Views
14 Pages

Cluster-Delay Mean Square Consensus of Stochastic Multi-Agent Systems with Impulse Time Windows

  • Huan Luo,
  • Yinhe Wang,
  • Ruidian Zhan,
  • Xuexi Zhang and ,
  • Haoxiang Wen and
  • Senquan Yang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

11 August 2021

This paper investigates the cluster-delay mean square consensus problem of a class of first-order nonlinear stochastic multi-agent systems with impulse time windows. Specifically, on the one hand, we have applied a discrete control mechanism (i.e., i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Complex Dynamic System Modelling, Identification and Control)
  • Article
  • Open Access
708 Views
16 Pages

23 March 2026

This paper is concerned with the leader-following consensus of time-delay multi-agent systems (MASs) with stochastic perturbation over a directed network. Different from existing literature subject to the conventional Lipschitz condition, the one-sid...

(This article belongs to the Section Mathematical Analysis)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,783 Views
23 Pages

30 September 2024

An adaptive neural network output-feedback control strategy is proposed in this paper for the distributed optimization problem (DOP) of high-order nonlinear stochastic multi-agent systems (MASs) driven by Lévy noise. On the basis of the penalt...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information Theory in Control Systems, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
3,042 Views
17 Pages

6 January 2023

This paper investigates the problem of finite-time distributed consensus control for non-triangular stochastic nonlinear multi-agent systems (SNMASs) with input constraints. Fuzzy logical systems are used to identify the unknown nonlinear dynamics of...

(This article belongs to the Section Control Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,085 Views
19 Pages

7 October 2024

The consensus problem in stochastic multi-agent systems (MASs) with Markovian switching is addressed by proposing a novel distributed dynamic event-triggered (DDET) technique based on periodic sampling to reduce information transmission. Unlike tradi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
721 Views
17 Pages

28 February 2026

This paper investigates the event-triggered secure consensus problem for stochastic multi-agent systems (MASs) subject to bilateral false data injection attacks (FDIAs). To achieve reliable secure consensus while reducing resource consumption, an eve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,386 Views
15 Pages

Boundary Coupling for Consensus of Nonlinear Leaderless Stochastic Multi-Agent Systems Based on PDE-ODEs

  • Chuanhai Yang,
  • Jin Wang,
  • Shengfa Miao,
  • Bin Zhao and ,
  • Muwei Jian and
  • Chengdong Yang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

4 November 2022

This paper studies the leaderless consensus of the stochastic multi-agent systems based on partial differential equations–ordinary differential equations (PDE-ODEs). Compared with the traditional state coupling, the most significant difference...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Well-Posedness, Dynamics, and Control of Nonlinear Differential System with Initial-Boundary Value)
  • Article
  • Open Access
416 Views
16 Pages

10 July 2026

This paper investigates the leader-following mean-square consensus of stochastic linear multi-agent systems (MASs) via distributed impulsive control. A distributed impulsive control law relying on local neighbor information and discrete sampled data...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Systems: Dynamics, Control, Optimization and Applications in Science and Engineering, 4th Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,657 Views
23 Pages

Nonlinear Consensus Protocol Modified from Doubly Stochastic Quadratic Operators in Networks of Dynamic Agents

  • Rawad Abdulghafor,
  • Sultan Almotairi,
  • Hamad Almohamedh,
  • Sherzod Turaev and
  • Badr Almutairi

15 December 2019

This article explores nonlinear convergence to limit the effects of the consensus problem that usually occurs in multi-agent systems. Most of the existing research essentially considers the outline of linear protocols, using complex mathematical equa...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
1,951 Views
19 Pages

27 August 2024

This paper presents a two-stage hybrid stochastic–robust coordination of energy management and self-healing in smart distribution networks with multiple microgrids. A multi-agent systems approach is first used for coupling energy management and...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Intelligence-Based Modeling, Control, Estimation, and Optimization in Electrical Motor/Drive, Renewable Energy, and Power Systems, Volume II)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,705 Views
14 Pages

Stochastic Fixed-Time Tracking Control for the Chaotic Multi-Agent-Based Supply Chain Networks with Nonlinear Communication

  • Lili Shi,
  • Wanli Guo,
  • Lu Wang,
  • Stelios Bekiros and ,
  • Hajid Alsubaie,
  • Ahmed Alotaibi and
  • Hadi Jahanshahi
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

The multi-agent-based supply chain network is a dynamic system consisting of multiple subchains connected by information flows, material flows and capital flow, etc. The consensus of multi-agent systems is often applied to the cooperation between sub...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Systems & Control Engineering)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,041 Views
16 Pages

Mean Square Consensus of Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems under Markovian Impulsive Attacks

  • Huan Luo,
  • Yinhe Wang,
  • Xuexi Zhang,
  • Peitao Gao and
  • Haoxiang Wen

26 April 2021

This paper focuses primarily on the mean square consensus problem of a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems suffering from stochastic impulsive deception attacks. The attacks here are modeled by completely stochastic destabilizing impulses, where t...

(This article belongs to the Topic Dynamical Systems: Theory and Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
366 Views
17 Pages

20 August 2026

A distributed nonfragile controller is developed for stochastic delayed multi-agent systems in which nonlinear terms, plant uncertainties, and gain perturbations are activated randomly. The directed topology is assumed to admit a spanning tree whose...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,049 Views
21 Pages

28 June 2023

The article considers the problem of finding the optimal on average control of the trajectories of continuous stochastic systems with incomplete feedback. This class of problems includes control problems in which the initial states are described by a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nonlinear Stochastic Dynamics and Control and Its Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,277 Views
18 Pages

11 December 2024

This paper proposes the fixed-time prescribed performance optimal consensus control method for stochastic nonlinear multi-agent systems with sensor faults. The consensus error converges to the prescribed performance bounds in fixed-time by an improve...

(This article belongs to the Section Fault Diagnosis & Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,181 Views
21 Pages

22 April 2021

This paper addresses the communication issue encountered by a hybrid controller when finding consensus in terms of the rendezvous target point in a broadcast and communication environment. This issue may result in a high level of computation and the...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Robot Path Planning)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
539 Views
22 Pages

8 July 2026

Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS), including smart grids and industrial control networks, must maintain secure and stable operations despite increasingly adaptive cyber threats. Existing moving target defense (MTD) approaches often rely on fixed rec...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Information-Theoretic Approaches for Machine Learning and AI)
  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
2,561 Views
26 Pages

30 January 2025

Utilizing fully distributed intelligent control algorithms has enabled the gradual adoption of the multiple unmanned aerial vehicles system for executing Target Tracking and Encirclement missions in industrial and civil applications. Restricted by th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Assisted Control Strategies and Their Applications to the Stabilization, Guidance and Navigation of Drones)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,127 Views
18 Pages

14 August 2023

For the multi-agent system with time delay and noise, the adaptive consensus of tracking control problems is discussed by the Lyapunov function. The main purpose of this study is to design an adaptive control protocol for the system, such that even i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Methods Applied in Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Agent Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,658 Views
33 Pages

13 August 2021

This paper focuses on the development of a multi agent control system (MACS), combined with a stochastic based approach for occupancy estimation. The control framework aims to maintain the comfort levels of a building in high levels and reduce the ov...

(This article belongs to the Section G: Energy and Buildings)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
708 Views
26 Pages

The current paper deals with the containment control issue of fractional-order complex networks (FCNs) under communication uncertainties occurring with both multiplicative and additive noises and denial-of-service attacks. The dynamics of the followe...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractional Dynamics and Control in Multi-Agent Systems and Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,891 Views
16 Pages

18 October 2021

An algorithm for synchronization of a network composed of interconnected Hindmarsh–Rose neurons is presented. Delays are present in the interconnections of the neurons. Noise is added to the controlled input of the neurons. The synchronization algori...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structure and Dynamics of Complex Networks)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,641 Views
19 Pages

Cooperative Detection of Multiple Targets by the Group of Mobile Agents

  • Barouch Matzliach,
  • Irad Ben-Gal and
  • Evgeny Kagan

30 April 2020

The paper considers the detection of multiple targets by a group of mobile robots that perform under uncertainty. The agents are equipped with sensors with positive and non-negligible probabilities of detecting the targets at different distances. The...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Information Theory to Industrial and Service Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,696 Views
26 Pages

12 May 2023

Decentralized stochastic control (DSC) is a stochastic optimal control problem consisting of multiple controllers. DSC assumes that each controller is unable to accurately observe the target system and the other controllers. This setup results in two...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory, Probability and Statistics)
  • Review
  • Open Access
541 Views
38 Pages

Distributed Optimization Under Uncertainty: A Cross-Paradigm Review and Future Directions

  • Ineza Remy Mugenga,
  • Abebe Geletu,
  • Silas Steven Mirau and
  • Pu Li

25 September 2026

Due to its significant importance in many disciplines, distributed optimization under uncertainty has become an active research field over the past decade. This paper presents a cross-paradigm review of this development. We organize the literature ar...

(This article belongs to the Section E: Applied Mathematics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
6,223 Views
33 Pages

17 May 2022

Static risk analysis techniques (SRATs) use event graphs and risk analysis assessment models. Those techniques are not time-based techniques and hence are inadequate to model dynamic stochastic systems. This paper proposes a novel dynamic approach to...

(This article belongs to the Section Computing and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,202 Views
15 Pages

28 November 2022

The paper presents an H∞ type control procedure for multi-agent systems taking into account possible data dropout in the communication network. The data dropout is modelled using a standard homogeneous Markov chain leading to an H∞ type c...

(This article belongs to the Section Information Theory, Probability and Statistics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,770 Views
12 Pages

Coexisting Attractors in a Heterogeneous Agent Model in Discrete Time

  • Serena Brianzoni,
  • Giovanni Campisi and
  • Graziella Pacelli

18 May 2023

In this paper, the discrete-time version of a continuous-time model with fundamentalists and momentum traders is presented. Our aim consists of studying the impact of cross-sectional momentum traders on the dynamics of the model. To this end, the con...

(This article belongs to the Section C2: Dynamical Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,612 Views
18 Pages

31 December 2023

In this paper, the adaptive consensus problem of unknown non-linear multi-agent systems (MAs) with communication noises under Markov switching topologies is studied. Based on the adaptive control theory, a novel distributed control protocol for non-l...

(This article belongs to the Section E2: Control Theory and Mechanics)
  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
45 Citations
13,953 Views
62 Pages

A Survey of Multi-Agent Systems for Smartgrids

  • Yusuf Izmirlioglu,
  • Loc Pham,
  • Tran Cao Son and
  • Enrico Pontelli

23 July 2024

This paper provides a survey of the literature on the application of Multi-agent Systems (MAS) technology for Smartgrids. Smartgrids represent the next generation electric network, as communities are developing self-sufficient and environmentally fri...

(This article belongs to the Section A1: Smart Grids and Microgrids)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,106 Views
21 Pages

Based on an adaptive neural control scheme, this paper investigates the consensus problem of random Markov jump multi-agent systems with full state constraints. Each agent is described by the fractional-order random nonlinear uncertain system driven...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
695 Views
23 Pages

26 June 2026

Coordinating agents in dynamic and uncertain environments remains a fundamental challenge in multi-agent systems (MAS) research, particularly in contexts where the composition of agent organizations directly affects overall system performance. While...

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges and Opportunities of Integrating Service Science with Data Science and Artificial Intelligence)
  • Article
  • Open Access
668 Views
26 Pages

29 July 2026

The increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires has created an urgent demand for scalable and autonomous wildfire response systems. While recent advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) have demonstrated promise for collaborative unc...

  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Citations
5,240 Views
17 Pages

Multi-Agent DDPG Based Electric Vehicles Charging Station Recommendation

  • Khalil Bachiri,
  • Ali Yahyaouy,
  • Hamid Gualous,
  • Maria Malek and ,
  • Younes Bennani,
  • Philippe Makany and
  • Nicoleta Rogovschi
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

19 August 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a sustainable transportation solution with environmental benefits and energy efficiency. However, their popularity has raised challenges in locating appropriate charging stations, especially in cities with limited infrastr...

(This article belongs to the Section F5: Artificial Intelligence and Smart Energy)
  • Article
  • Open Access
554 Views
34 Pages

30 June 2026

The increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs) introduces significant operational challenges for residential energy management systems (HEMS), including stochastic renewable generation, uncertain load d...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control and Performance Optimization in Power Electronic Systems)
  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
9,171 Views
23 Pages

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Games: Research and Applications

  • Haiyang Li,
  • Ping Yang,
  • Weidong Liu,
  • Shaoqiang Yan and ,
  • Xinyi Zhang and
  • Donglin Zhu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

Biological systems, ranging from ant colonies to neural ecosystems, exhibit remarkable self-organizing intelligence. Inspired by these phenomena, this study investigates how bio-inspired computing principles can bridge game-theoretic rationality and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,053 Views
20 Pages

Aggregation–Decomposition-Based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Reservoir Operations Optimization

  • Milad Hooshyar,
  • S. Jamshid Mousavi,
  • Masoud Mahootchi and
  • Kumaraswamy Ponnambalam

25 September 2020

Stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) is a widely-used method for reservoir operations optimization under uncertainty but suffers from the dual curses of dimensionality and modeling. Reinforcement learning (RL), a simulation-based stochastic optimizat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of the Systems Approach to the Management of Complex Water Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,494 Views
17 Pages

Multi-Agent Chronological Planning with Model-Agnostic Meta Reinforcement Learning

  • Cong Hu,
  • Kai Xu,
  • Zhengqiu Zhu,
  • Long Qin and
  • Quanjun Yin

11 August 2023

In this study, we propose an innovative approach to address a chronological planning problem involving the multiple agents required to complete tasks under precedence constraints. We model this problem as a stochastic game and solve it with multi-age...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Unmanned System Technology and Application)
  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
5,966 Views
19 Pages

8 August 2024

Device-to-device (D2D) is a pivotal technology in the next generation of communication, allowing for direct task offloading between mobile devices (MDs) to improve the efficient utilization of idle resources. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for...

(This article belongs to the Section Communications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,544 Views
22 Pages

1 December 2024

Multi-population mean-field game is a critical subclass of mean-field games (MFGs). It is a theoretically feasible multi-agent model for simulating and analyzing the game between multiple heterogeneous populations of interacting massive agents. Due t...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in Control Theory and Optimization)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,879 Views
16 Pages

This paper presents a solution to the consensus problem for a particular category of uncertain switched multi-agent systems (MASs). In these systems, the communication topologies between agents and the system dynamics are governed by a time-homogeneo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Control Theory with Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,113 Views
12 Pages

19 December 2018

The paper investigates H ∞ consensus problem of heterogeneous multi-agent systems including agents with first- and second-order integrators in the presence of disturbance and communication time delays under Markov switching topologies...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments on Time-Delay Systems and Its Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,018 Views
19 Pages

15 December 2024

Natural disasters cause significant losses. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are valuable in rescue missions but need to offload tasks to edge servers due to their limited computing power and battery life. This study proposes a task offloading decisio...

(This article belongs to the Section Intelligent Sensors)
  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,500 Views
16 Pages

19 August 2022

The cooperative control problem of discrete-time multi-agent systems (MASs) is discussed, and bounded uncertain time-delays and directed switching topologies are considered. By applying model transformations and matrix theory, an augmented system met...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Systems Engineering: Theory and Applications)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
6,792 Views
42 Pages

Systematic Review of Hierarchical and Multi-Agent Optimization Strategies for P2P Energy Management and Electric Machines in Microgrids

  • Paul Arévalo,
  • Danny Ochoa-Correa,
  • Edisson Villa-Ávila,
  • Vinicio Iñiguez-Morán and
  • Patricio Astudillo-Salinas

26 April 2025

The growing complexity of distributed energy systems and the rise of peer-to-peer energy markets demand innovative solutions for efficient, resilient, and sustainable energy management. However, existing research often remains fragmented, with limite...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Energy Management: Techniques, Applications and Future Directions)

of 3