Limb anomalies are widespread and diversified in arthropods. From trilobites to insects, they range from the loss to the addition or fusion of legs and may appear congenitally or be induced experimentally (e.g., amputation or injury). Basal chelicera...
Equine Caudal Cervical Morphologic Variation (ECCMV) is a congenital malformation of the caudal cervical spine distinct from the more commonly recognized Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy (CVSM). The most common presentation of ECCMV is recogniz...
27 October 2022
Background: Cleft palate only (CPO) is the second most prevalent cleft type. Both the cleft and palatal scarring may affect craniofacial growth. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize scientific evidence on effect of palatal surgery on cr...
The disinfection by-product 2,6-dichloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ-OH) is a halobenzoquinone that emerges after chlorination. Therefore, it will inevitably come into contact with aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate...
Parasites have evolved different strategies to increase their transmission from one host to another. The Adaptive Host Manipulation hypothesis states that parasites induce modifications of host phenotypes that could maximise parasite fitness. There a...
The extracellular matrix protein reelin is well known for orchestrating radial migration of cortical neurons during embryonic cortical development. While in the reeler mutant mouse, lacking reelin expression, radially migrating neurons are malpositio...
Vascular malformations are frequent in the head and neck region, affecting the nervous system. The wide range of therapeutic approaches demand the correct anatomical, morphological, and functional characterization of these lesions supported by imagin...
Background: Adriamycin, a chemotherapy drug, was first shown to induce malformations in rat embryos in 1978, with subsequent studies focusing on the development of esophageal atresia. Recently, we examined early tracheal development in healthy rat em...
Alterations in gonad morphology are widespread in wild fish populations. Whitefish (Coregonus spp.) from Lake Thun, Switzerland, display a high prevalence of macroscopical gonad malformations including fusions to the musculature, segmented gonads and...
Vascular malformations include various disorders characterized by morphological, structural and/or functional alterations of blood and lymph vessels. Most are sporadic, due to somatic mutations. Here, we report a cohort of patients with sporadic and/...
Perosomus elumbis (PE) is a rare congenital condition characterized by agenesis of the lumbar, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae. Perosomus elumbis has rarely been reported in literature as morphological description of singles or few cases. Here we repo...
Abnormal aortic arches (AAAs) cover a spectrum of malformations, including abnormal laterality, branching patterns, and flow-limiting narrowing, which themselves vary from tubular hypoplasia, through discrete coarctation, to complete interruption of...
Observations of skeletal malformations in fish in the wild are poorly documented and need to be investigated. Here we report the occurrence of body shortening in specimens of Plagioscion squamosissimus collected in the Volta Grande do Xingu, middle X...
Background/Objectives: It is increasingly realized that the advances in diagnosis and treatment for those born with congenitally malformed hearts have now resulted in avoidance of morbidity being equally as important as avoiding postoperative mortali...
Background/Objectives: This study aims to identify baseline imaging parameters, across various imaging modalities, that can predict the response to bleomycin sclerotherapy in patients with head and neck lymphatic–venous malformations (LVMs). Me...
Mutations in HOXA1 can lead to diseases such as Bosley–Salih–Alorainy syndrome, involving severe cardiovascular malformations. However, the role of HOXA1 in cardiac morphogenesis remains unclear. hoxa1a is a homologous gene to human HOXA1...
Three cases of the malformation of the cortical development are described: a mixed breed dog and a Border Collie pup with a focal and diffuse cortical dysplasia, respectively, and a kitten with lissencephaly. All cases presented with intractable epil...
Lead (Pb) is an important raw material for modern industrial production, they enter the aquatic environment in several ways and cause serious harm to aquatic ecosystems. Lead ions (Pb2+) are highly toxic and can accumulate continuously in organisms....
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) represents a heterogeneous group of morphological changes in the brain tissue that can predispose the development of pharmacoresistant epilepsy (recurring, unprovoked seizures which cannot be managed with medications)....
The International Cardiovascular Anatomy, Development, and Regeneration meeting was held from 18–20 September 2024, in Prague, Czech Republic, supported by the European Society of Cardiology’s Working Group on Development, Anatomy, and Pa...
Topiramate is commonly used for treating epilepsy in both children and adults. Recent clinical data suggests that administration of topiramate to women during pregnancy increases the risk of oral clefts in their offspring. To better understand the po...
Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are relatively common congenital abnormalities, but their pathogenesis is poorly understood. Previous gene knockout studies indicated that the signalling pathway mediated by the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) is instrume...
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a secondary metabolite produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, has been found among various foods as well as in fish feed. However, the effects of AFB1 on fish development and its associated toxic mechanism are still unclear....
Robert Anderson has made a huge contribution to almost all aspects of morphology and understanding of congenital cardiac malformations, none more so than the group of anomalies that many of those in the practice of paediatric cardiology and adult con...
Background/Objectives: Morphological defects such as limb malformations, cranial asymmetries, loin deviations, jaw misalignments, and navel irregularities are associated with early culling and reduced productivity in beef cattle. In Bos taurus indicu...
Duplication of the pituitary gland (DPG) is an extremely rare malformation. DPG is associated with a wide variety of midline and central nervous system malformations (DPG-plus syndrome). We present the computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance ima...
18 January 2021
Isolated lateral semicircular canal dysplasia (LSCCD) is one of the most frequent malformations of the bony labyrinth. The aim of this study is to depict morphology and size of the vestibular endolymphatic space in patients with isolated LSCCD using...
Background: The aberrant origin of the right subclavian artery (ARSA), also known as the lusoria artery, is a congenital malformation with an incidence of 0.5–4.4%. Most cases are incidental due to minimal clinical manifestations. Computer tomo...
Dioxins and related compounds induce morphological abnormalities in developing animals in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. Here we review the studies in which 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is used as a prototypical co...
Cymbopogon nardus (citronella) essential oil (EO) has been widely used in the cosmetic and food industry due to its repellent and fumigant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate its effects on the life cycle and midgut morphology of the na...
Background: Chiari Type I malformation (CM-I) is defined as the migration of cerebellar tonsils from the foramen magnum in the caudal direction and is characterized by the disproportion of the neural structures. The aim of this study was to investiga...
Congenital heart malformations are the most common type of defects found at birth. About 1% of infants are born with one or more heart defect on a yearly basis. Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) causes more deaths in the first year of life than any othe...
Hydrocephalus is a frequently observed congenital malformation of the central nervous system in domestic animals; however, its occurrence in wild species remains underreported. This study documents a clinical case of congenital hydrocephalus in a red...
Background: Brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) and cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are rare developmental anomalies of the intracranial vasculature, with an irregular tendency to rupture, and as of yet incompletely deciphered pathophys...
Background and Objectives: Congenital abnormalities are a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality and are frequently detectable through prenatal ultrasound. While widely implemented in high-income countries, such screening remains inconsist...
Musculocontractural Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (mcEDS) is a subtype of EDS caused by defective dermatan sulfate biosynthesis, characterized by multiple malformations (craniofacial features, ocular and visceral malformations) and progressive cutaneo...
The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of spicule malformations in freshwater sponges in relation to selected environmental parameters of the streams and the presence of river pollutants. A total of 50 sponge samples were collected from te...
Background: The clinical management of teeth with complex dens invaginatus (DI) malformations and apical periodontitis may be challenging due to the lack of routine. The aim of this case report is to describe the endodontic treatment of an immature t...
Zika virus (ZIKV) disease continues to be a threat to public health, and it is estimated that millions of people have been infected and that there have been more cases of serious complications than those already reported. Despite many studies on the...
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) is a developmental lesion of the lungs and terminal respiratory structures, which is characterized by pseudocysts, lesions, and cystically dilated airways. CCAM is also known as congenital pulmonary a...
In this study, we examined the ventral process of C6 in extinct and extant Equus (sister taxa to Equus ferus caballus only) with the purpose of describing normal morphology and identifying anomalous variations relevant to recent studies describing a...
Glypicans are closely associated with organ development and tumorigenesis in animals. Dally-like (Dlp), a membrane-bound glypican, plays pivotal roles in various biological processes in Drosophila. In this study, we observed that an excess of Dlp led...
Morphogenesis is a continuous process of pattern formation so complex that it requires in vivo monitoring for better understanding. Changes in tissue shape are initiated at the cellular level, where dynamic intracellular F-actin networks determine th...
The beating heart is subject to intrinsic mechanical factors, exerted by contraction of the myocardium (stretch and strain) and fluid forces of the enclosed blood (wall shear stress). The earliest contractions of the heart occur already in the 10-som...
Cerebral hernia in crested chicken has been characterized as the protrusion of cerebral hemispheres into the unsealed skull for hundreds of years, since Charles Darwin. The development of deformed forebrain (telencephalon) of cerebral hernia remains...
(1) Background: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) is a flowering plant reported to have anti-obesity, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to evaluate the UV-absorbing and antioxidant activities of roselle aqueous ex...
Nanomaterials are used in many different industries such as cosmetics, food, clothing, and electronics. There is increasing concern that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) during pregnancy can adversely affect fetal development. It is well known that th...
Malformed coconut fruit occurrence exhibits dual impacts on agricultural productivity and economic returns, primarily through substantial yield reduction and compromised commercial value resulting from morphological defects. To elucidate the molecula...
Obesity is considered a metabolic disease, in which leptin is used as an indicator of energy in the body. This hormone, in turn, is related to the neuroendocrine regulation of the reproductive axis. However, leptin excess secretion due to obesity can...
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a collective term applied to severe congenital cardiac malformations, characterised by a combination of abnormalities mainly affecting the left ventricle, associated valves, and ascending aorta. Although in c...
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