Cardiac disorders such as acute myocardial infarction, embolism and stroke are primarily attributed to excessive fibrin accumulation in the blood vessels, usually consequential in thrombosis. Numerous methodologies including the use of anti-coagulant...
In addition to energy recovery, the anaerobic digestion of agro-industrial byproducts can also produce different high-value-added compounds. Two-stage and single-stage reactors were compared for microbial communities’ selection and long-chain f...
Monilinia laxa is the causal agent of brown rot disease on stone fruits, and also causes blossom wilt and twig canker. The common practice used to manage this disease is through fungicide treatments. However the demand to reduce fungicide inputs has...
Initial enteric microbial colonisation influences animal health and disease, hence an understanding of the first microbial colonisers within the piglet is important. The spiral colon of piglets that were stillborn (n = 20), born-alive (n = 10), and b...
24 March 2020
Many disinfection treatments can be adopted for controlling opportunistic pathogens in hospital water networks in order to reduce infection risk for immunocompromised patients. Each method has limits and strengths and it could determine modifications...
Nitrogen contamination is ubiquitous across the globe; as a result of this, the need to understand and predict the extent and effects of nitrogen contamination on microbial ecosystems is increasingly important. This paper utilises a dataset that prov...
The critical step in the mixed microbial cultures (MMC) polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production process is the selection of an MMC enriched in an efficient PHA-accumulating organism, usually requiring growth-nutrients supplementation. This study aimed...
Tanning, crucial for leather production, relies heavily on chromium yet poses risks due to chromium’s oxidative conversion, leading to significant wastewater and solid waste generation. Physico-chemical methods are typically used for heavy meta...
Table olives are considered high-quality food, and Italy has a wealth of varieties and typical features that are truly unique in the world (about eighty cultivars of table olives or dual-purpose olives, four of which are protected by the protected de...
Objectives: The microbiome plays an important role in cancer, but the relationship between dietary habits and the microbiota in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is not clear. The aim of this study is to explore the complex relationship betw...
Hypersaline ecosystems—aquatic environments where concentration of salt exceeds 35 g L−1—host microbial communities that are highly specialised to cope with these extreme conditions. However, our knowledge on the taxonomic diversity and functional me...
A freeze-dried natural starter culture (NSC) was developed and assessed for its suitability in producing a semi-cooked, 60-day-ripened cheese resembling the protected designation of origin (PDO) Pecorino Sardo. The culture, derived from raw ewe&rsquo...
All multicellular organisms host a wide diversity of microorganisms in and on their bodies, which are collectively known as their microbiome. Characterising microbial communities that inhabit different body niches in wild animals is critical to bette...
The Makgadikgadi Salt Pans are the remnants of a mega paleo-lake system in the central Kalahari, Botswana. Today, the Makgadikgadi Basin is an arid to semi-arid area receiving water of meteoric origin during the short, wet season. Large microbial mat...
The soil microbiome is a complex system that encompasses millions of microbes including archaea, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses. The role of abiotic factors is crucial in shaping the distribution patterns of microorganisms, its abundance and a...
Consumers’ increasing interest in sparkling wine has enhanced the global market’s demand. The pro-technological yeasts strains selected for the formulation of microbial starter cultures are a fundamental parameter for exalting the quality...
Despite the increasing recognition and importance surrounding bacterial and fungal interactions, and their critical contributions to ecosystem functioning and host fitness, studies examining their co-occurrence remain in their infancy. Similarly, stu...
In drinking water supply, riverbank filtration (RBF) is an efficient and cost-effective way of eliminating pathogens and micropollutants using a combination of biotic and abiotic processes. Microbial communities in the hyporheic zone both contribute...
The kombucha market is diverse, and competitors constantly test new components and flavours to satisfy customers’ expectations. Replacing the original brewing base, adding flavours, or using “backslopping” influence the composition...
Background/Objectives: A range of NMR techniques, including diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) were used to characterise complex micelles formed by the anti-microbial cationic surfactant cetylpyridium chloride and to quantify the degree of interac...
Crystalline bedrock has been chosen for deep geologic long-term storage of used nuclear fuel in Finland. The risks generated by the deep subsurface microbial communities in these disposal sites need to be well characterised in advance to ensure safet...
Areas covered by seminatural grasslands have been in constant decline for decades in Europe. This trend is particularly strong for mountain territories, where such traditional agricultural practices as cattle grazing are no longer economically feasib...
29 November 2024
On commercial banana (Musa spp.) plantations, soils are often supplemented with phosphorus (P) fertiliser to optimise production. Such additions may influence the diversity and function of soil microbial communities, which play important roles in P c...
The sustainable reuse of agro-industrial effluents requires a detailed understanding of their microbial composition, especially in the context of integrated vineyard–winery ecosystems. This study investigated the bacterial communities present i...
30 November 2023
This study appraises the progress in the understanding of the composition of the vaginal microflora with a focus on the microbiome during pregnancy. This knowledge is presented with the background of the global health contribution, along with the imp...
Rumen microbial protein synthesis (MPS) provides at least half of the amino acids for the synthesis of milk and meat protein in ruminants. As such, it is fundamental to global food protein security. Estimating microbial protein is central to diet for...
There is an urgent need to discover and develop novel antibacterial agents. Accordingly, we synthesised 2-(piperazin-1-yl)naphtho[2,3-d]thiazole-4,9-dione (PNT), which exhibits antimicrobial activity. The aim of this study was to characterise PNT as...
The microbial communities present within fermented foods are diverse and dynamic, producing a variety of metabolites responsible for the fermentation processes, imparting characteristic organoleptic qualities and health-promoting traits, and maintain...
29 July 2021
Caves present unique habitats for the development of microbial communities due to their peculiar environmental conditions. In caves decorated with frescoes, the characterization of microbial biofilm is important to better preserve and safeguard such...
(1) Background: Blastocystis is a microbial eukaryote inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract of a broad range of animals including humans. Several studies have shown that the organism is associated with specific microbial profiles and bacterial taxa t...
Microbial communities inhabiting the gut have the ability to influence physiological processes contributing to livestock production and performance. Livestock enterprises rely on animal production traits such as growth performance for profit. Previou...
Bioenergy crops play an ecologically and economically fundamental role as an alternative to agri-food productions and as renewable energy sources. Thus far, less attention has been given to assessing microbiological indicators of soil quality in bioe...
The microbial populations of the rumen are widely recognised as being essential for ruminant nutrition and health, utilising and breaking down fibrous plant material which would otherwise be indigestible. The dense and highly diverse viral population...
Fluorinated xenobiotics, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), fluorinated pesticides, and pharmaceuticals, are extensively used across industries, but their extreme persistence, driven by the high carbon–fluorine (C–F) bond...
The global spread of drug resistance in bacteria requires new potent and safe antimicrobial agents. Compounds containing the 1,2,4-triazole ring in their structure are characterised by multidirectional biological activity. A large volume of research...
In recent years, a growing body of evidence points to a link between alterations in the oral microbiome and the development and progression of head and neck cancer (HNC). At present, however, this highly complex relationship is only partially underst...
The present study assessed the changes in faecal microbial activity in obese Wistar rats fed high-fat or low-fat diets supplemented with various forms of chromium (picolinate or nanoparticles). The 18-week study was divided into two phases: an introd...
Haemodorum coccineum, commonly known as scarlet bloodroot, is a plant native to New Guinea and the northern most parts of Australia. The highly coloured H. coccineum is used by communities in Larrakia country for dyeing garments and occasionally to t...
Gut microbes thrive by utilising host energy and, in return, provide valuable benefits, akin to a symbiotic relationship. Here, metagenomic sequencing was performed to characterise and compare the community composition, diversity and antibiotic resis...
The microbial communities that inhabit the intestinal tract play an important role in modulating health and productivity. Environmental stressors can impact microbial communities, which can significantly influence host physiology. Cattle are subjecte...
Microbial enzymes, due to their efficiency, specificity, and sustainability, are central to innovative biotechnological strategies aimed at optimizing industrial processes such as winemaking. In this study, the potential of Aureobasidium pullulans m1...
This review presents the extractions, characterisations, applications and economic analyses of natural coagulant in separating pollutants and microalgae from water medium, known as microalgae harvesting. The promising future of microalgae as a next-g...
Vanilla flavour is widely used in various industries and is the most broadly used flavouring agent in the food industry. The demand for this flavour is, therefore, extremely high, yet vanilla bean extracts can only meet about 1% of the overall demand...
In Portugal, the main autochthonous sheep breeds exploited for meat production are Churra Galega Bragançana (CGB) and Bordaleira de Entre Douro e Minho (BEDM). This study aimed to characterise the evolution of spoilage microorganisms in refrigerated...
Biofilms are assemblages of microbial cells, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and other components extracted from the environment in which they develop. Within biofilms, the spatial distribution of these components can vary. Here we present...
Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution (PHP) poses a significant environmental threat and affects both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. This study focused on the isolation and screening of indigenous petroleum-degrading microorganisms from Mile 2 Lagoon,...
Microbial proteases are fundamental towards the eco-sustainability of proteolysis at the industrial scale. A proteolytic broth was obtained from a bioreactor fermentation of a proteolytic Bacillus strain isolated from an industrial alkaline bath. Bro...
Rhizodegradation enhances pollutant degradation through plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Plant roots provide a colonisation surface and root exudates that promote microbial abundance and activity, facilitating organic pollutant br...
Carbohydrates play a crucial role in host-microorganism interactions and many host glycoconjugates are receptors or co-receptors for microbial binding. Host glycosylation varies with species and location in the body, and this contributes to species s...
Virus- and bacteriophage-induced mortality can have a significant impact on marine productivity and alter the flux of nutrients in marine microbial food-webs. Viral mediated horizontal gene transfer can also influence host fitness and community compo...
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