1,656 Results Found

The growth of $\alpha$-quartz-based piezoelectric thin films opens the door to higher-frequency electromechanical devices than those available through top-down approaches. We report on the growth of SiO${}_2$/GeO${}_2$ thin films by pulsed laser deposition and their...

The evolutions of the microstructure and its effect on the mechanical and electrical conductivity properties of Cu1.5Cr0.1Si alloy after equal channel angle pressing (ECAP)-C path deformation and aging treatment have been investigated using scanning...

Scanning electron microscopy is widespread in field of material science and research, especially because of its high surface sensitivity due to the increased interactions of electrons with the target material’s atoms compared to X-ray-oriented...

Iron hollow sphere filled aluminum matrix syntactic foams (AMSFs) were produced by low pressure, inert gas assisted infiltration. The microstructure of the produced AMSFs was investigated by light and electron microscopy, extended by energy dispersiv...

Magnesium alloys offer a favored alternative to steels and aluminum alloys due to their low density and relatively high specific strength. Their application potentials are, however, impeded by poor formability at room temperature. In the current work...

For the precise determination of orientations in polycrystalline materials, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) requires a consistent calibration of the diffraction geometry in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the present paper, the var...

Recently, procedures for recovering austenite fcc crystallographic information from EBSD (Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction) data recorded from martensite or other bcc transformation products have been proposed. Due to the difficulties in revealing p...

Understanding of the creep behavior Nb and Ta-rich γ-TiAl alloys plays a crucial role towards realization of their potential applications. The present article reports the evolution of microstructural features in the crept γ-TiAl-based Ti-...

The grain boundaries of three Laves phase-related body-center-cubic (bcc) solid-solution, metal hydride (MH) alloys with different phase abundances were closely examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a...

Microstructures of a series of La-Mg-Ni-based superlattice metal hydride alloys produced by a novel method of interaction of a LaNi₅ alloy and Mg vapor were studied using a combination of X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron backscatter...

The effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) through the route Bc and aging treatment on the grain structure and properties of the Cu–1Cr–0.2Si alloy was investigated. Microstructure was detected by scanning electron microscopy (SE...

The effect of welding speed on microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion properties of laser-assisted welded joints of a twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microsco...

Understanding the effects of wheel-rail contact on the microstructure of rails is an important issue for railway management. The impact of wheel-rail contact and surface preparation on the microstructure of rails is studied using a rolling contact be...

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of multi-channel spiral twist extrusion (MCSTE) processing on the mechanical properties and structural evolution of AA5083. The structural evolution and texture developed were mapped by el...

In recent decades, the automotive industry has faced challenges around improving energy efficiency, reducing pollutant emissions, increasing occupant safety, and reducing production costs. To solve these challenges, it is necessary to reduce the weig...

Accurate microstructural characterization for materials with grain sizes ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers is often constrained by insufficient resolution and noise, leading to distorted statistics. In this study, we constructed a simulated...

The Al₅Fe₂ intermetallic rouses interest due to its rapid formation at the interface between iron/steel and aluminum by reactive interdiffusion. Only in the last few years have the differently ordered states of that intermetallic been elucidated (&et...

It is, in general, essential to investigate correlations between the microstructure and properties of materials. Plastic deformation often localizes within thin layers. As a result, many material properties within such layers are very different from...

Additive manufacturing (AM) methods like powder bed fusion–laser beam (PBF-LB) enable complex geometry production. However, understanding and predicting the microstructural properties of AM parts remain challenging due to the inherent non-homog...

Metal Additive Manufacturing and Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), in particular, have come forth in recent years as an outstanding innovative manufacturing approach. The LPBF process is notably characterized by very high solidification and cooling rat...

Graphene films were grown by chemical vapor deposition on Cu foil. The obtained samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electron back-scatter diffraction. We discuss the time-dependent chan...

A new high strain rate forming process for titanium alloys is presented and named High Pressure Pneumatic Forming (HPPF), which might be applicable to form certain tubular components with irregular cross sections with high efficiency, both with respe...

Additively manufactured tungsten and its alloys have been widely used for plasma facing components (PFCs) in future nuclear fusion reactors. Under the fusion process, PFCs experience a high-temperature exposure, which will ultimately affect the micro...

Numerous factors, including variable grain structures and different inherent defects, impact the mechanical behavior of Ti6Al4V parts fabricated using metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes. This study focuses on an in-depth analysis of how diff...

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) processing on the structural evolution and mechanical properties of AA2xxx aluminum alloy. Finite element analysis (FE) was used to study the deformation behavior...

A numerical analysis using FE (finite element) analysis was performed to clarify the shearing mechanism in the process of extrusion-type fine blanking (FB) for a thin foil of JIS SUS304 in this study. Extrusion-type FB, in which a negative clearance...

This study investigates the scratch response of α-phase commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti) produced via wire arc directed energy deposition (WDED), focusing on the thermal history and directional effects. Progressive scratch tests (1–50 N...

Spatial resolution is one of the key factors in orientation microscopy, as it determines the accuracy of grain size investigation and phase identification. We determined the spatial resolutions of on-axis and off-axis transmission Kikuchi diffraction...

Two methods for the determination of geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) densities are implemented in a lower-order strain-gradient crystal plasticity finite element model. The equations are implemented in user material (UMAT) subroutines. Meth...

Grain oriented steels are widely used for electrical machines and components, such as transformers and reactors, due to their high magnetic permeability and low power losses. These outstanding properties are due to the crystalline structure known as...

In this study, we found that well-developed α₂′ martensite was formed in a Ti-40Al-10V (atomic percent or at.%) alloy after air-cooling from a β phase field, rather than the traditional α₂/γ lamellar colonies. The martensitic laths were produced acco...

The influence of martensitic microstructure and prior austenite grain (PAG) size on the mechanical properties of novel maraging steel was studied. This was achieved by looking at two different martensitic structures with PAG sizes of approximately 40...

The mechanical properties of commercially pure titanium can further be improved through the grain refinement processes; however, welding fine-grained materials is challenging due to the grain coarsening in the weld area and hence the weakening of the...

Residual stress/strain and microstructure used in additively manufactured material are strongly dependent on process parameter combination. With the aim to better understand and correlate process parameters used in electron beam melting (EBM) of Ti-6...

Herein, the hydrogen embrittlement of a heat-affected zone (HAZ) was examined using slow strain rate tension in situ hydrogen charging. The influence of hydrogen on the crack path of the HAZ sample surfaces was determined using electron back scatter...

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been used for more than 30 years for analyzing the structure of minerals and artificial substances. In recent times, EBSD has been widely applied for investigation of irradiated nuclear fuel and matrices fo...

Embrittlement induced by high-temperature tempering was investigated in two quenched-and-tempered offshore steels. Electron backscattering diffraction and analysis of Kernel average misorientation were applied to study the coalescence of martensite;...

The characteristics of texture and microstructure of lean duplex stainless steels with low Ni content produced through hot rolling followed by annealing were investigated locally with electron backscatter diffraction and globally with neutron diffrac...

Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) of similar AA5052-H32 joints has numerous benefits in shipbuilding, aerospace, and automotive structural applications. In addition, studying the role of tool rotation speed on the microstructure features, achieved te...

A new generation of alloys, which rely on a combination of various strengthening mechanisms, has been developed for application in molten salt nuclear reactors. In the current study, a battery of dispersion and precipitation-strengthened (DPS) NiMo-b...

Sub-micro dislocation cellular structures formed during rapid solidification break the strength–ductility trade-off in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed 316L stainless steel through high-density dislocations and segregated elements or pr...

Low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) accommodate residual stress through the rearrangement and accumulation of dislocations during cold rolling. This study presents an electron wind force-based annealing approach to recover cold-rolling induced residua...

Additive manufacturing, particularly selective laser melting, presents exciting possibilities for fabricating components from high-temperature nickel-based superalloys. Controlling microstructural features and minimizing defects in fabricated specime...

The formation and growth kinetics of the reverted austenite during tempering in 13Cr supermartensitic stainless steel were investigated by a combination X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffract...

This study investigated the susceptible sites for pit nucleation in a transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) Fe₃₉Mn₂₀Co₂₀Cr₁₅Si₅Al₁ (at.%) high-entropy alloy (HEA) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The investigation involved a constant-load stress corrosi...

Accurate phase fraction analysis is an essential element of the microstructural characterization of alloys and often serves as a basis to quantify effects such as heat treatment or mechanical deformation. Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals, due to...

A microstructure evolution of the thermomechanically processed 3Mn-1.5Al type steel and mechanical stability of retained austenite were investigated during interrupted tensile tests. The microstructural details were revealed using scanning electron m...

In this article we discuss the effect of different test parameters on the analysis of retained austenite in TRIP590, TRIP780 and X90 steels, by means of Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), respectively. By analyzing...

The “gold dust defect” (GDD) appears at the surface of ferritic stainless steels (FSS) and degrades their appearance. Previous research showed that this defect might be related to intergranular corrosion and that the addition of aluminium...

Yellow cuboid diamonds are commonly found in diamondiferous alluvial placers of the Northeastern Siberian platform. The internal structure of these diamonds have been studied by optical microscopy, X-Ray topography (XRT) and electron backscatter diff...