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Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials

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A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Metal Failure Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 10079

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Delphine Retraint

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Guest Editor

UR LASMIS, University of Technology of Troyes (UTT), 10004 Troyes, France
Interests: mechanical surface treatments; shot peening and laser peening processes; SMAT (surface mechanical attrition treatment); nanostructures; co-rolling; residual stresses; neutron and X-ray diffraction methods; mechanical properties; wear and fatigue properties; post-treatments adapted to additive manufacturing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Zhidan Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

UR LASMIS, University of Technology of Troyes (UTT), Troyes 10004, France
Interests: surface treatment; shot peening; fatigue of materials; environment-assisted fracture; finite element modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The durability of mechanical parts under fatigue loading is highly important due to increasing demand for security, and economic issues. How to improve their in-service performance and life is a subject being widely studied. In general, fatigue damage of mechanical parts occurs at surface defects that can play the role of stress raisers. Therefore, one of the commonly used approaches is to modify the surface state and, consequently, the mechanical properties of the parts. The improvement in fatigue strength could be achieved through a wide range of techniques, from mechanical to physio-chemical processes. It is within this framework that we propose a Special Issue focused on the fatigue properties of surface modified metallic materials.

This Special Issue aims to collect papers dealing with the fatigue of materials treated/elaborated by different processes such as mechanical surface treatments (shot peening, laser peening, etc.), coating (PVD, CVD, electroplating, etc.), and machining. Based on the aforementioned techniques, some areas of interests will cover, but are not limited to:

low cycle, high cycle and very high cycle fatigue properties of surface modified materials;
effects of technological parameters of the surface treatment processes on fatigue properties of materials;
effects of metallurgical parameters (residual stresses, gradient microstructure…) induced by surface treatments’
changes in cyclic behavior of surface modified materials and their effects on fatigue strength;
effects of mechanical external loads (complex loading, for example) on fatigue properties of materials;
fatigue life prediction based on experiments, mathematical modeling and finite element modeling;
design of surface modification (combination between different techniques, for example) in terms of improving fatigue properties.

Prof. Dr. Delphine Retraint
Dr. Zhidan Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Metallic Materials
Surface Modification
Coatings
Residual Stresses
Microstructure Gradient
Fatigue Properties
Modeling and Simulation
Fatigue Life Prediction

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 12914 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Investigations of Fatigue Damage in a Nitriding Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel for High-Performance Crankshaft

by Alessandro Giorgetti, Ulisse Millefanti, Vincenzo La Battaglia and Paolo Citti

Metals 2022, 12(12), 2052; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12122052 - 29 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1502

Abstract

In the automotive environment, the need to increase the performance of materials requires extra engineering efforts. The possibility of developing new materials is strategically important. Indeed, alternative solutions in terms of material choice allow designers to optimise their projects and keep competitive production costs. Traditional quenched and tempered steels are usually used for highly stressed components, and possible alternatives could be important competitive opportunities. One possible substitute is using bainitic steels to exploit their economic advantages while maintaining acceptable mechanical performances. This paper explores the fatigue life behaviour of a new low-carbon bainitic steel for applications requiring case hardening treatment obtained by the nitriding process. A high-cycle fatigue (HCF) strength assessment is conducted through a test campaign to compare treated and untreated material. The improvement in fatigue strength is evaluated as well as the study of fracture surfaces, residual stress, and microhardness profiles to assess in detail the effectiveness of the nitriding process. It is found that the nitriding leads to an improvement in fatigue life but not as much as expected because of the low ductile behaviour of this steel, the high speed of stress application added, and the embrittlement of the nitriding treatment, as confirmed through fracture surface analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials)

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17 pages, 25918 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Characterization of the Microstructure Changes Induced by a Rolling Contact Bench Reproducing Wheel/Rail Contact on a Pearlitic Steel

by Vincent Lafilé, Julie Marteau, Marion Risbet, Salima Bouvier, Pierrick Merino and Aurélien Saulot

Metals 2022, 12(5), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050745 - 27 Apr 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1475

Abstract

Understanding the effects of wheel-rail contact on the microstructure of rails is an important issue for railway management. The impact of wheel-rail contact and surface preparation on the microstructure of rails is studied using a rolling contact bench. Microstructure changes are characterized by coupling microhardness measurements and scanning electron microscopy combined with electron backscattering diffraction. This analysis led to a complete description of the sub-surface microstructure in link with the contact conditions. It was found that the use of a corroded layer on the material surface led to a considerable strain-hardening decrease. Lower surface strain-hardening was also found for sliding conditions compared to pure rolling conditions. EBSD characterizations using different indicators highlighted the importance of the scale of investigation: the use of Kernel Average Misorientation led to the identification of larger impacted depths than the Inverse Pole Figures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials)

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13 pages, 4426 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Surface Softening on the Mechanical Properties of an AISI 316L Stainless Steel under Cyclic Loading

by Tiehui Fang and Feng Cai

Metals 2021, 11(11), 1788; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111788 - 6 Nov 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1571

Abstract

The effects of surface softening on fatigue behavior of AISI 316L stainless steel were investigated. Using cold-rolling and electromagnetic induction heating treatment, a gradient structure was fabricated on AISI 316L stainless steel within which the grain size decreased exponentially from micrometers to nanometers to mimic the surface softening. Stress-controlled fatigue tests were applied to both the gradient and homogeneous structures. Compared with the homogeneous sample, surface softening had no evident effect on fatigue behavior when the stress amplitude was greater than 400 MPa, but significantly deteriorated the fatigue behavior at stress amplitude ≤400 MPa. At high-stress amplitude, fatigue behavior is dominated by crack propagation. When the stress amplitude is lowered, strength reduction and stress concentration caused by surface softening accelerate crack initiation and propagation, resulting in an inferior fatigue behavior. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials)

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Review

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20 pages, 4038 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Literature Review on the Fatigue Properties of Materials Processed by Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment (SMAT)

by Pengfei Gao, Zhidan Sun and Delphine Retraint

Metals 2022, 12(5), 775; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050775 - 30 Apr 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2281

Abstract

As a promising surface treatment technique, the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) has been applied to enhance mechanical properties of various materials. Through multidirectional severe plastic deformation, SMAT is able to nanocrystallize the near surface region of materials. The nanostructured layer associated with high compressive residual stresses coupled with a work hardening layer can provide the treated materials with an improved fatigue resistance. The present work gives a comprehensive review on the fatigue strength of SMATed materials. First of all, a brief introduction is given on the basic elements of SMAT and surface modifications induced by this treatment. The fatigue strength of a large variety of SMATed materials with different loading conditions is reviewed, including low-cycle fatigue (LCF), high-cycle fatigue (HCF) and very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF). Then, the mechanism of enhancement or reduction is explained through a detailed review on the effects of several factors, such as residual stress, surface quality and nanocrystalline grains. In addition, the combined effect of SMAT coupled with other processes is also reviewed. Trends and prospects of the current research are summarized at the end. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials)

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23 pages, 6403 KiB

Open AccessReview

Comparison of SP, SMAT, SMRT, LSP, and UNSM Based on Treatment Effects on the Fatigue Properties of Metals in the HCF and VHCF Regimes

by Rui Chen, Hongqian Xue and Bin Li

Metals 2022, 12(4), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/met12040642 - 10 Apr 2022

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2119

Abstract

This paper aims to provide a better understanding regarding the effects of shot peening (SP), surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), laser shock peening (LSP), surface mechanical rolling treatment (SMRT), and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) on the fatigue properties of metals in high-cycle fatigue (HCF) and very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) regimes. The work in this paper finds that SMRT and UNSM generally improve the high-cycle and very-high-cycle fatigue properties of metals, while SP, SMAT, and LSP can have mixed effects. The differences are discussed and analyzed with respect to the aspects of surface finish, microstructure and microhardness, and residual stress. SMRT and UNSM generally produce a smooth surface finish, while SP and SMAT tend to worsen the surface finish on metals, which is harmful to their fatigue properties. In addition to inducing a plastic deformation zone and increasing microhardness, surface treatments can also generate a nanograin layer and gradient microstructure to enhance the fatigue properties of metals. The distribution of treatment-induced residual stress and residual stress relaxation can cause mixed effects on the fatigue properties of metals. Furthermore, increasing residual stress through SP and SMAT can cause further deterioration of the surface finish, which is detrimental to the fatigue properties of metals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Properties of Surface Modified Metallic Materials)

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