Critical angle refractometry is an established technique for determining the refractive index of liquids and solids. For transparent samples, the critical angle refractometry precision is limited by incidence angle resolution. For lossy samples, the...
In recent years, cold-formed steel has been widely used in prefabricated steel structures, and the common cross-section forms are mainly complex lipped angle sections. However, there is a lack of design guidance for such a cross-section due to the co...
Estimating the critical slope angle (CSA) for sheet erosion is important for the precision estimation of sheet erosion and the development of erosion control practices. This study developed mathematical equations considering rainfall intensity and so...
Critical shoulder angle (CSA) is the angle between the superior and inferior bony margins of the glenoid and the most lateral border of the acromion. The acromial index (AI) is the distance from the glenoid plane to the acromial lateral border and is...
The current work studied the crashworthiness behavior of thin-walled circular steel tubes against axial and oblique crushing. Parametric analyses of crushing angle and tube wall thickness were conducted aiming to identify their effect on dissipated e...
The critical shoulder angle (CSA) is associated with impingement and rotator cuff lesions, and ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection is effective for subacromial bursitis. However, because the efficacy of this treatment varies, this study invest...
Background: Shoulder pain is one of the most important musculoskeletal conditions affecting the upper extremities. Glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GHOA) and rotator cuff injuries (RCIs) are notable for their high prevalence. The critical shoulder angle...
Background: An increased or decreased critical shoulder angle (CSA) is a known risk factor for osteoarthritis, lesions, and re-ruptures in the rotator cuff. A CSA greater than 35° correlates with degenerative rotator cuff tears, while a CSA of le...
Background/Objective: This study aimed to compare functional and clinical outcomes in terms of shoulder muscle performance and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between patients with rotator cuff muscle tears (RCTs) with high preoperative critical sho...
Background: A Critical Shoulder Angle (CSA), evaluated on plain radiographs, greater than 35° is considered predictive of rotator cuff tears. The present prospective comparative study aimed, firstly, to develop a formula to calculate the amount o...
The array of regular square pyramid microstructures with zero-spacing features is an ideal structural topology for building superhydrophobic functional surfaces due to its excellent anti-wetting performance and low surface adhesion properties. In the...
We present a concept that enables the determination of the complex refractive index of attenuating media from two critical angles, measured sequentially at two interfaces between a single sample and two different prisms. The proposed method is genera...
The Pauli limiting field represents a fundamental magnetic field at which the superconducting state collapses due to the spin-paramagnetic Cooper pair-breaking effect. Cao et al. (Nature 2021, 595, 526) reported that the magic-angle twisted tril...
At a critical angle of incidence, Fresnel reflectance at an interface between a front transparent and a rear lossy medium exhibits sensitive dependencies on the complex refractive index of the latter. This effect facilitates the design of optical sen...
The formation of layering during the sedimentation process of tailings makes it of great significance to investigate tailings and to analyze their susceptibility to flow liquefaction. In this study, homogeneous iron ore tailings (IOTs) specimens were...
Many probability-based uncertainty quantification (UQ) schemes require a large amount of sampled data to build credible probability density function (PDF) models for uncertain parameters. Unfortunately, the amounts of data collected as to compressor...
Background: The accurate and effective evaluation of parameters such as critical shoulder angle, lateral acromion angle, and acromion index from shoulder X-ray images is crucial for identifying pathological changes and assessing disease risk in the s...
The present study introduces a novel curve-fitting algorithm for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) curves using a self-constructed, wedge-shaped beam type angular interrogation SPR spectroscopy technique. Previous fitting approaches such as asymmetric...
This paper investigates the effects of initial porosity index and load range on the shear strength of a sand sample using direct shear tests performed with a standard direct shear apparatus under varying densities, from loose to compacted. This study...
The deviation correction trajectory of the mechanical vertical drilling system (MVDS) is very important because it is the final embodiment of performance. However, it is impossible to obtain it at the design stage, except when using simulation method...
In this paper, the rebound characteristics of coal ash particles impacting on a stainless steel surface are studied experimentally with the background of ash deposition on the heating surface of the boiler. The impact processes of coal ash particles...
For a hard flying objector contacts with the surface of fluid, there exists a critical contact angle between the flying direction and the surface direction. When the actual contact angle is less than the critical angle, the flying objector will get a...
Sensors incorporated in a sports ball for data collection can affect the properties of a ball, specifically the spin rate of a ball if the mass distribution (moments of inertia, MOI) is altered. This paper provides a method for assessing the MOIs of...
A geostationary meteorological satellite is located at a fixed point above the equator, which can continuously observe internal waves and provides great advantages in research on changes in the generation and propagation of internal waves. The scale...
Background: Recently, the lateralization shoulder angle (LSA) and distalization shoulder angle (DSA) have been proposed to assess lateralization and distalization in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). However, there is insufficient evidence about t...
This paper investigates the flutter characteristics of composite laminates in hypersonic yawed flow using numerical simulations. The governing equations are derived based on Hamilton’s principle and were discretized using the assumed mode metho...
High-resolution birefringence measurements and modulated differential scanning calorimetry have been carried out in order to investigate the critical behaviour near the isotropic to smectic-A, smectic-A to smectic-C* phase transitions associated with...
The importance of lead analysis in environmental matrices becomes increasingly relevant due to the anthropogenic spread of toxic species in nature. Alongside the existing analytical methods to detect lead in a liquid environment, we propose a new dry...
High voltage line towers in mining areas are sensitive to surface deformation caused by mining. Protective coal pillar design for high voltage towers is one of the commonly-used technical measures. Aiming to solve the coal mining safety problem under...
The sliding of roof snow may result in surcharges of snow load on lower roofs or the injury of pedestrians on the ground. It is therefore of great significance to study the mechanism of roof snow sliding, such that prevention or control measures can...
Introduction: Elbow primary stability is guaranteed by the anatomical congruency between the humeral trochlea and the greater sigmoid notch (GSN). Elbow dislocation typically occurs in a semi-extended position, but computed tomography (CT) scans are...
The blockage is one of the important factors affecting the icing of airfoils in wind tunnel tests. In this paper, numerical simulations are conducted to study the effect of blockage on the icing of different airfoils. By reducing the height of testin...
Microwave radiometers are vital for global ocean observations, yet they are prone to errors from radio frequency interference, sun glint, and other contamination. This paper focuses on the newly launched Chinese FY-3G satellite’s Microwave Radi...
Background/Objectives: The phase angle (PhA) is an emerging biomarker reflecting the cellular integrity and nutritional status. This study aimed to explore potential associations between the PhA, clinical severity scores, and 60-day survival outcomes...
Aiming at the serious problems caused by coal mine mining activities causing the rock burst accidents, this paper is based on rock mechanics and material mechanics to establish the key layer breaking by the double-key layer beam breaking structural m...
A phenomenological model for single particle erosion (SPE) of plastic materials was constructed based on the Hertzian contact theory and conservation of momentum to solve the particle impact erosion. The extrusion deformation and contact time of mate...
Two kinds of fluorinated polymers were synthesized: an acrylate polymer having a fluorinated triethylene glycol as a pendant group (2a) and a fluoroalkyl acrylate polymer (2b). The contact angle of these fluorinated polymers against water, non-fluori...
We investigate the dependence of the maximum etched track length (
Background/Objectives: Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT) is a common cause of shoulder pain. The role of acromial morphology in RCCT pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate association between acromial morphological parameter...
In this paper, the ductile fracture mechanism is discussed. The results of numerical and experimental analyses were used to estimate the onset of crack front growth. It was assumed that the ductile fracture in front of the crack starts at the locatio...
Knowledge of physical and mechanical properties of geomaterials is fundamental to characterise their response to external forcings (mechanical, climatic) at various scales. This is true, for instance, in slope stability assessments, civil engineering...
A label-free biosensor device based on registration of photonic crystal surface waves is described. Angular interrogation of the optical surface wave resonance is used to detect changes in the thickness of an adsorbed layer, while an additional simul...
This study systematically evaluates the influence of copper (Cu) addition in gas-shielded solid wires on the microstructure and cryogenic toughness of X80 pipeline steel welds. Welds were fabricated using solid wires with varying Cu contents (0.13–0....
Interactions between polymers (P) and surfactants (S) in aqueous solution lead to interfacial and aggregation phenomena that are not only of great interest in physical chemistry but also important for many industrial applications, such as the develop...
The aim of this research is to investigate and reduce the torque ripple in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drives, which is one of the major barriers to their acceptance for electric vehicle propulsion applications despite the advantages of robustnes...
The functionalization of smart polymers is opening a new perspective in catalysis, drug carriers and biosensors, due to the fact that they can modulate the response regarding conventional devices. This smart response could be affected by the presence...
In this study, the effect of finish rolling temperature on the critical crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) of typical 500 MPa grade weathering steel was elucidated. The microstructures were observed via optical microscope (OM), scanning electron m...
Ion-exchange chromatography coupled to light scattering detectors represents a fast and simple analytical method for the assessment of multiple critical quality attributes (CQA) in one single measurement. The determination of CQAs play a crucial role...
This work investigates the temperature-dependent micelle formation as well as the micellar structure of the saponin aescin. The critical micelle concentration (
This paper analyzes and calculates the mechanical properties of composite tape spring structures during folding and bending and establishes a non-linear control equation for the folding and bending of composite laminate tape spring structures. Accura...
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