3,093 Results Found

Branching processes are stochastic individual-based processes leading consequently to a bottom-up approach. In addition, since the state variables are random integer variables (representing population sizes), the extinction occurs at random finite ti...

A multidimensional two-sex branching process is introduced to model the evolution of a pedigree originating from the mutation of an allele of a Y-linked gene in a monogamous population. The study of the extinction of the mutant allele and the analysi...

A previous study determined criteria ensuring that a probability distribution supported in positive integers is the limiting conditional law of a subcritical Markov branching process. It is known that there is an close connection between the limiting...

Originating from the Luria–Delbrück experiment in 1943, fluctuation analysis (FA) has been well developed to demonstrate random mutagenesis in microbial cell populations and infer mutation rates. Despite the remarkable progress in its theo...

For the simplest colored branching process, we prove an analog to the McMillan theorem and calculate the Hausdorff dimensions of random fractals defined in terms of the limit behavior of empirical measures generated by finite genetic lines. In this s...

In this paper, we introduce a spread model using multi-type branching processes to investigate the evolution of the population during a pandemic in which individuals are classified into different types. We study some limiting behaviors of the populat...

We compute exact values respectively bounds of dissimilarity/distinguishability measures–in the sense of the Kullback-Leibler information distance (relative entropy) and some transforms of more general power divergences and Renyi divergences&nd...

As is known in stochastic particle theory, the same random process can be described by two different master equations for the evolution of the probability density, namely, by a forward or a backward master equation. These are the generalised analogue...

The nonparametric bootstrap has been used in cluster analysis for various purposes. One of those purposes is to account for sampling variability. This can be achieved by obtaining a bootstrap approximation of the sampling distribution function of the...

In this paper, we present the first stochastic process to describe the interaction of predator and prey populations with sexual reproduction. Specifically, we introduce a two-type two-sex controlled branching model. This process is a two-type branchi...

The homogeneous branching process with migration and continuous time is considered. We investigated the distribution of the period-life $\tau$, i.e., the length of the time interval between the moment when the process is initiated by a positive number of...

The Rare Earth Extraction Process (REEP) model is difficult to accurately establish via the extraction mechanism method due to its high complexity. This paper proposes a multi-branch deep feature fusion network with SAE (SAE-MBDFFN) for modeling REEP...

South Korea has learned a valuable lesson from the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus outbreak in 2015. The 2015 MERS-CoV outbreak in Korea was the largest outbreak outside the Middle Eastern countries and was characterized as a noso...

This work deals with mathematical modeling of dynamical systems. We consider a class of two-sex branching processes with several mating and reproduction strategies. We provide some probabilistic and statistical contributions. We deduce general expres...

Current AGB stellar models provide an adequate description of the s-process nucleosynthesis that occurs. Nonetheless, they still suffer from many uncertainties related to the modeling of the ${}^{13}\mathrm{C}$ pocket formation and the adopted nuclear reaction rates...

The deep water environment is complex and variable, and underwater images are easily affected by light scattering, water absorption and other factors, resulting in blurred details and color distortion. The existing enhancement methods generally suffe...

We consider a continuous-time branching random walk on a multidimensional lattice with two types of particles and an infinite number of initial particles. The main results are devoted to the study of the generating function and the limiting behavior...

Given a discrete spatial structure X, we define continuous-time branching processes ${\left\{{\eta }_t\right\}}_{t\ge 0}$ that model a population breeding and dying on X. These processes are usually called branching random walks, and ${\eta }_t\left(x\right)$ denotes the number of individ...

A continuous-time network evolution model is considered. The evolution of the network is based on 2- and 3-interactions. 2-interactions are described by edges, and 3-interactions are described by triangles. The evolution of the edges and triangles is...

We consider a discrete-time single server queueing system, where arrivals stem from a multi-type Galton–Watson branching process with migration. This branching-type arrival process exhibits intricate correlation, and the performance of the corr...

As modern petrochemical systems tend towards larger scales, process structures become more complex and highly integrated. The interaction and overall complexity between the operations of each unit are constantly increasing, and the solution process i...

We consider a continuous-time branching random walk on $\mathbb{Z}$ in a random non-homogeneous environment. The process starts with a single particle at initial time $t=0$. This particle can walk on the lattice points or disappear with a random intensity until i...

The cause of the Cambrian explosion is one of the centuries-old puzzles. For centuries, scholars from numerous disciplines have proposed various theories based on evidence such as paleontological fossils and changes in geology and climate to try to r...

In the past few years, significant advancements in microscopic imaging technology have led to the production of numerous high-resolution images capturing brain neurons at the micrometer scale. The reconstructed structure of neurons from neuronal imag...

A two-type two-sex branching process is considered to model the evolution of the number of carriers of an allele and its mutations of a Y-linked gene. The limiting growth rates of the different types of couples and males (depending on the allele, mut...

${\beta }^{-}$ decay for ${}^{63}$Co-${}^{63}$Ni-${}^{63}$Cu region nuclei play important roles in core-collapse supernovae and the slow neutron-capture (s) process. In this work, the stellar ${\beta }^{-}$ decay rates for ${}^{63}$Co and ${}^{63}$Ni are studied within the projected she...

Temperature determines biochar structure during pyrolysis. However, differences in holding time and feedstock types may affect this relationship. The conditional process analysis model was used in this paper to investigate the potential to affect thi...

The frequency distribution of surnames turns out to be a relevant issue not only in historical demography but also in population biology, and especially in genetics, since surnames tend to behave like neutral genes and propagate like Y chromosomes. T...

The aim of this study is the preparation of star-shaped branched polyamides (sPA6) with low melt viscosity, but also with improved mechanical properties by reactive extrusion. This configuration has been obtained by grafting a tri-functional, three-a...

Identifying instruments in polyphonic audio is challenging due to overlapping spectra and variations in timbre and playing styles. This task is central to music information retrieval, with applications in transcription, recommendation, and indexing....

The foundations of stellar nucleosynthesis have been established more than 70 years ago. Since then, much progress has been made, both on the theoretical side, with stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis models of increasing complexity, using more and...

This research work deals with mathematical modeling in complex biological systems in which several types of individuals coexist in various populations. Migratory phenomena among the populations are allowed. We propose a class of mathematical models t...

In the last few years, the modeling of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars has been much investigated, both focusing on nucleosynthesis and stellar evolution aspects. Recent advances in the input physics required for stellar computations made it poss...

Charitable crowdfunding provides a new channel for people and families suffering from unforeseen events, such as accidents, severe illness, and so on, to seek help from the public. Thus, finding the key determinants which drive the fundraising proces...

In this paper, a stochastic continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) model is developed and analyzed to explore the dynamics of cholera. The multitype branching process is used to compute a stochastic threshold for the CTMC model. Latin hypercube sampling...

Ensuring the rational use of limited space is a key function of government bodies at any level of power. Spatial development of the economy is modeled in the presented paper based on the concept of economic complexity. In addition to the innovative a...

The article presents selected results of analytical and design works undertaken at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT) in the field of building a computer support and software lifecycle management system that is critical for flight safety. T...

Lifetime reproductive output (LRO), also called lifetime reproductive success (LRS) is often described by its mean (total fertility rate or net reproductive rate), but it is in fact highly variable among individuals and often positively skewed. Sever...

Using phase change materials (PCMs) in energy storage systems provides various advantages such as energy storage at a nearly constant temperature and higher energy density. In this study, we aimed to conduct a numerical simulation for augmenting a PC...

A pathogen can infect multiple hosts. For example, zoonotic diseases like rabies often colonize both humans and animals. Meanwhile, a single host can sometimes be infected with many pathogens, such as malaria and meningitis. Therefore, we studied two...

Biocatalytic synthesis of 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylhexanoate is described in this work for the first time. This branched-chain ester is suitable for use at low temperatures in numerous applications. The immobilized lipase Novozym^® 435 has demonstrated it...

This paper presents an estimation of the parameters for a Double Layer Super Capacitor (DLC) that is modelled with a two-branch circuit. The estimation is achieved using a constrained minimization technique, which is developed off-line and uses a sin...

Accurate estimation of spare part demand is challenging in the case of intermittent or lumpy demand, characterised by infrequent demand occurrence and variability in demand size. While prior research has considered the effect of exogenous variables o...

This research focuses on biological systems with sexual reproduction in which female and male individuals coexist together, forming female–male couples with the purpose of procreation. The couples can originate new females and males according t...

Classical branching-process theory, developed by Galton and Watson in the nineteenth century and later refined by Fisher and Haldane, provides the formal framework for quantifying the fate of new mutants, new viral and bacterial pathogens, new coloni...

In hydroforming of parallel double-branch tubes, the material entering the branch zone is obstructed by material accumulation in the main tubes and corners, which decreases the branch height. A tube hydroforming approach is combined with pre-forming...

This paper elaborates on a digital simulation study on supernormal particle flow used to investigate and analyze the process of picking up jujube branches, which was a meaningful attempt to search for accurate and effective advanced numerical analogy...

In this study, we applied a mathematical model to explore the mechanism and factors leading to phase separation and the formation of branching structures with nanocolumns extending from larger clusters formed on the substrate of a grown film. The mat...

The identification of branches and bud points is the key to intelligent pruning of dormant grapevine branches and precise positioning of the pruning point on the branch is an important prerequisite for robotic arm pruning. This study takes Cabernet S...

Detections of the regulated noxious parasitic weed branched broomrape (Phelipanche ramosa) in California tomato fields have led to interest in eradication, sanitation, and management practices. Researchers in Israel developed a decision-support syste...