88 Results Found

Objectives: Investigate the biomechanical characteristics in tracheostomized patients with aspiration following acquired brain injury (ABI) and further explore the relationship between the biomechanical characteristics and aspiration. Methods: This i...

The aim of this work was to assess the numerous approaches to structural and material modeling of brain tissue under dynamic loading conditions. The current technological improvements in material modeling have led to various approaches described in t...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem among children. The predominant causes of TBI in young children are motor vehicle accidents, firearm incidents, falls, and child abuse. The limitation of in vivo studies on the human brain...

It has been challenging to efficiently and accurately reproduce pedestrian head/brain injury, which is one of the most important causes of pedestrian deaths in road traffic accidents, due to the limitations of existing pedestrian computational models...

In this study, a novel expandable bicycle helmet, which integrates an airbag system into the conventional helmet design, was proposed to explore the potential synergetic effect of an expandable airbag and a standard commuter-type EPS helmet. The trau...

The study of symmetrical and non-symmetrical effects in physics, mathematics, mechanics, medicine, and numerical methods is a current topic due to the complexity of the experiments, calculations, and virtual simulations. However, there is a limited n...

Brain damage is a serious economic and social burden. Contact sports such as American football, are one of the most common sources of concussions. The biomechanical response of the head–helmet system caused by dynamic loading plays a major role. The...

Neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) are leading global causes of disability and mortality. This study aimed to assess the ability to walk of patients with sTBI, stroke, and P...

Sport-related concussion (SRC) is a highly prevalent injury predominantly affecting millions of youth through high school athletes every year. In recent years, SRC has received a significant amount of attention due to potential for long-term neurolog...

This study explores the influence of chinstrap stiffness in baseball helmets on brain stress distribution during high-velocity impacts through a computational biomechanical model integrating neuroanatomical structures and helmet components. Using a f...

The biomechanics of traumatic injuries of the human body as a consequence of road crashes, falling, contact sports, and military environments have been studied for decades. In particular, traumatic brain injury (TBI), the so-called “silent epid...

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders globally, affecting about 50 million people, with nearly 80% of those affected residing in low- and middle-income countries. It is characterized by recurrent seizures that result from abnormal...

Intracranial compliance (ICC) holds significant potential in neuromonitoring, serving as a diagnostic tool and contributing to the evaluation of treatment outcomes. Despite its comprehensive concept, which allows consideration of changes in both volu...

In this paper, we address the numerical aspects and implementation of a nonlinear viscoplastic model of the mechanical behaviour of brain tissue to simulate the dynamic responses related to impact loads which may cause traumatic injury. Among the var...

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) in spectroscopy mode receives a lot of attention because of its potential in distinguishing between healthy and cancer tissues. However, the AFM translational process in clinical practice is hindered by the fact that it...

Tumor cells metastasize from a primary lesion to distant organs mainly through hematogenous dissemination, in which tumor cell re-adhesion to the endothelium is essential before extravasating into the target site. We thus hypothesize that tumor cells...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent injury among cyclists experiencing head collisions. In legal cases, reliable brain injury evaluation can be difficult and controversial as mild injuries cannot be diagnosed with conventional brain imaging m...

The anatomical asymmetries of the human brain are the subject of a great deal of scientific interest because of their links with handedness and lateralized cognitive functions. Information about lateralization in humans is also available from the pos...

Single-unit recording neural probes have significant advantages towards improving signal-to-noise ratio and specificity for signal acquisition in brain-to-computer interface devices. Long-term effectiveness is unfortunately limited by the chronic inj...

Numerical methods are often a robust way to predict how external mechanical loads affect individual biological structures. Computational models of biological systems have been developed over the years, reaching high levels of detail, complexity, and...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern and its rising prevalence in road traffic accidents underscores the need for deeper understanding and tailored investigation. This study explores the feasibility of employing the fem...

The cornea is the optical window to the brain. Its optical and structural properties are responsible for optical transparency and vision. The shape, elasticity, rigidity, or stiffness are due to its biomechanical properties, whose stability results i...

Infant hydrocephalus is a clinically abnormal clinical state with an accumulation of fluid in cavities (ventricles) deep within the brain. Hence, pressure is increased inside the skull. The ventricles widen due to the excess fluid applying pressure u...

Knowing the precise material properties of intracranial head organs is crucial for studying the biomechanics of head injury. It has been shown that these biological tissues are significantly rate-dependent; hence, their material properties should be...

Recent U.S. military conflicts have underscored the knowledge gap regarding the neurological changes associated with blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI). In vitro models of TBIs have the advantage of following the neuronal response to biomech...

Targeted drug delivery in the brain is instrumental in the treatment of lethal brain diseases, such as glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive primary central nervous system tumour in adults. Infusion-based drug delivery techniques, which direct...

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a symmetric flow transport that surrounds brain and central nervous system (CNS). Congenital hydrocephalusis is an asymmetric and unusual cerebrospinal fluid flow during fetal development. This dumping impact enhances the...

MR elastography is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides quantitative maps of tissue biomechanical properties, i.e., elasticity and viscosity. Currently, hepatic MR elastography is deployed in the clinic to assess liver fibrosis in MAFLD pat...

Among the most critical health issues, brain illnesses, such as neurodegenerative conditions and tumors, lower quality of life and have a significant economic impact. Implantable technology and nano-drug carriers have enormous promise for cerebral br...

There is increasing evidence in the experimental and clinical traumatic brain injury (TBI) literature that loss of central myelinated nerve fibers continues over the chronic post-traumatic phase after injury. However, the biomechanism(s) of continued...

Designing protective systems for the human head—and, hence, the brain—requires understanding the brain’s microstructural response to mechanical insults. We present the behavior of wet and dry porcine brain undergoing quasi-static an...

Sports-related concussions are caused by one substantial impact or several smaller-magnitude impacts to the head or body that lead to an acceleration of the head, causing shaking of the brain. Athletes with a history of sports-related concussion demo...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a biomechanical problem where the initiating event is dynamic loading (blunt, inertial, blast) to the head. To understand the relationship between the mechanical parameters of the injury and the deformation patterns in...

Background/Objectives: The incorporation of biomechanics into stroke neurorehabilitation may serve to strengthen the effectiveness of rehabilitation strategies by increasing our understanding of human movement and recovery processes. The present bibl...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from external biomechanical forces that cause structural and physiological disturbances in the brain, leading to neuronal, axonal, and vascular damage. TBIs are predominantly mild (65%), with moderate (10%) and se...

Nasal nanodrug delivery has gained prominence as a non-invasive method for administering therapeutic agents to the brain. However, the limited nasal cavity volume and the low drug loading capacity of nanoparticles contribute to a reduced accumulation...

The analysis of human gait is a cornerstone in diagnosing and monitoring a variety of neuromuscular and orthopedic conditions. Recent technological advancements have paved the way for innovative methodologies that combine multimodal neuroimaging and...

Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent pediatric neurologic impairment and is associated with major mobility deficiencies. This has led to extensive investigations of the sensorimotor network, with far less research focusing on other major network...

High-performance musical instrument training is a demanding discipline that engages cognitive, neurological, and physical skills. Professional musicians invest substantial time and effort into mastering their repertoire and developing the muscle memo...

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant clinical problem, with the biomechanical mechanisms of striking from different blunt instruments remaining unclear. This study aims to quantitatively evaluate TBI severity under blunt s...

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a congenital and permanent neurological disorder due to non-progressive brain damage that affects gross motor functions, such as balance, trunk control and gait. CP gross motor impairments yield more challenging right foot plac...

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) following sudden acceleration and deceleration can lead to cognitive function decline. Various treatments have been proposed. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive stimulation technique, is a...

Background/Objectives: This study aimed to examine the influence of brain activity during motor preparation on walking ability, focusing on motor control during active ankle dorsiflexion. Methods: Participants were classified into high- and low-corti...

Helmets are crucial for protecting motorcycle riders from head injuries in accidents. This study proposes a helmet pad design based on a negative-Poisson’s-ratio (NPR) structure and comprehensively evaluates its protective effect on head injuri...

The widespread use of glyphosate as a herbicide in agriculture can lead to the presence of its residues and metabolites in food for human consumption and thus pose a threat to human health. It has been found that glyphosate reduces energy metabolism...

The human blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents the interface of microvasculature and the central nervous system, regulating the transport of nutrients and protecting the brain from external threats. To gain a deeper understanding of (patho)phys...

The precise mechanisms connecting the cardiovascular system and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are not well understood in detail. This paper investigates the couplings between the cardiac and respiratory components, as extracted from blood pressure (B...

In everyday life, goal-oriented motor behaviour relies on the estimation of the rewards/costs associated with alternative actions and on the appropriate selection of movements. Motor decision making is defined as the process by which a motor plan is...

Background: Recent evidence has converged in showing that the lateral occipitotemporal cortex is over-recruited during implicit motor imagery in elderly and in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. These data s...

Spinal health depends on the dynamic interplay between mechanical forces, biochemical signaling, and cellular behavior. This review explores how key molecular pathways, including integrin, yeas-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator...