113 Results Found

Identical twin brothers developed mild encephalopathy at the age of 7.0 and 9.7 years (Patient 1) and 10.7 years (Patient 2). Patient 1 had influenza A at the time of his second episode, but triggering agents were not evident at the first episode. Th...

A case report of monozygotic (MZ) twins with Crouzon syndrome was previously published to highlight variables in clinical presentation. The postnatal and epigenetic causes for this variation are not well understood. An 8-year follow-up discusses thei...

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is multifactorial and strongly affected by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Several studies have reported development of concomitant CAD in identical twins. We report a case in which a pair of Caucasian mal...

Existing evidence suggests that developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is a surprisingly prevalent condition, with some individuals describing lifelong difficulties with facial identity recognition. Together with case reports of multiple family members wit...

Driven by technological advances in various fields (AI, 5G, VR, IoT, etc.) together with the emergence of digital twins technologies (HDT, HAL, BIM, etc.), the Metaverse has attracted growing attention from scientific and industrial communities. This...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of the upper and lower motor neurons. Approximately 10% of cases are caused by specific mutations in known genes, with the remaining cases having no...

Background/Objectives: The dynamic interaction between genomic DNA, epigenetic modifications, and phenotypic traits was examined in identical twins. Environmental perturbations can induce epigenetic changes in DNA methylation, influencing gene expres...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a monogenic disease with autosomal dominant inheritance. Genotype–phenotype relationships are complex, with variable penetrance even within the same family. The involvement of other modulating genetic and en...

Background/Objectives: Human identical twins are born at a rate of 3–4 per 1000 live births. Many other mammals also occasionally produce monozygotic twins, referred to as sporadic polyembryony. The underlying mechanisms are unknown. Through ep...

Monozygotic (MZ) twins are typically indistinguishable via forensic DNA profiling. Recently, we demonstrated that epigenetic differentiation of MZ twins is feasible; however, proportions of twin differentially methylated CpG sites (tDMSs) identified...

Agricultural supply chains face growing scrutiny due to rising concerns over food authenticity, safety, and sustainability. These challenges stem from issues such as contamination risks, fraudulent labelling, and the absence of reliable, real-time tr...

In this preliminary study, the underlying pathophysiology mechanisms of cerebral aneurysms (CAs) in monozygotic twins (MTs) were investigated via a rare pair of MTs (twin A and twin B) involving four reconstructed arterial models using preclinical in...

Monochorionic (MC) twins are identical twins who share one placenta, with vascular anastomoses connecting the circulations of both fetuses [...]

Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defect in human with an incidence of almost 1% of all live births. Most cases have a multifactorial origin with both genetics and the environment playing a role in its development and progress...

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a paediatric neurodevelopmental disorder spanning four developmental stages. This multi-system disorder offers a unique window to explore genotype–phenotype relationships in a disease model. However, genetic prognosticato...

Twinning is a phenomenon that occurs, e.g., during deformation, martensitic transformation and film growth. The present study shows that the crystallography of twinning can be described by two twinning modes along the complete Bain transformation pat...

About 2–5% of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cases in pediatric patients are infants with an unfavorable prognosis because of high relapse probability. Early detection of the disease is, therefore, very important. Despite the fact that leukemia i...

Background and objectives: Coffin-Lowry Syndrome (CLS), a rare neurodegenerative disorder, is mainly diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and molecular analyses. In total, about 20 cases of CLS have been reported in China. Here, we report two c...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. Investigating individuals with the most identical genetic background is optimal for minimizing the genetic contribution to gene expression. These individuals include...

Although pre-induced {10 12¯} twins could strengthen magnesium and its alloys, the origin of such a strengthening phenomenon remains questionable. This is because twins can simultaneously change the size of grains and the texture features of the...

A multitude of additional anomalies can be observed in virtually all types of symmetrical conjoined twins. These concomitant defects can be divided into different dysmorphological patterns. Some of these patterns reveal their etiological origin throu...

The role of twins in research is evolving as we move further into the post-genomic era. With the re-definition of what a gene is, it is becoming clear that biological family members who share a specific genetic variant may well not have a similar ris...

The timing of primary tooth eruption is critical for children’s health planning and the diagnosis of specific growth disorders. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between twin pairs’ birth weight, gestational age, and...

Children affected by orofacial disorders mix functional alterations with morphological problems, and suitable techniques should be devised for their analysis. Stereophotogrammetry and 3D-3D facial superimposition have already proven to reliably asses...

This paper presents TwinP2G, a software application for optimal planning of investments in power-to-gas (PtG) systems. TwinP2G provides simulation and optimization services for the techno-economic analysis of user-customized energy networks. The core...

This paper presents studies of a digital twin system. A conceptual model of the system is proposed to be used to control an industrial robot and can be integrated into different fields of application such as industry, manufacturing, farming, livestoc...

The dynamic characteristics of super-large-diameter twin tunnels under train vibration loads have become a critical issue affecting not only the engineering safety of their own tunnels but also adjacent tunnels. A numerical model of super-large-diame...

Nature often produces compounds with a high degree of symmetry to reduce structural information and complexity. Synthesis of identical twin drugs, through the linkage of two identical pharmacophoric entities, is a classical strategy to produce more p...

In the face of globalization and diversity in the United Arab Emirates, the post-oil generation of Emiratis face unique challenges in navigating their cultural and national identities. Previously published research and scholarly works have engaged in...

The paper presents a simple yet efficient way to track the void ratio, the water content, and the degree of saturation of a swelling material during saturation. The research aimed to quantitatively describe the drying and wetting processes of the swe...

In his crystallographic research on chiral separation, Louis Pasteur reported the crystals of the sodium salts of enantiopure and racemic aspartic acid. Their atomic structure remained unknown to this day. In the present article, the two crystal stru...

Mutations of coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) and 10 (CHCHD10) have been found to be linked to Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and/or frontotemporal lobe dementia (FTD). CHCHD2 and...

The study aims to expound upon the imaging-based diagnostic methodologies aimed at identifying twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), a serious, somewhat rare prenatal condition that takes place in pregnancies where identical twins, or other multi...

We examined relationships between walkability and health behaviors between and within identical twin pairs, considering both home (neighborhood) walkability and each twin’s measured activity space. Continuous activity and location data (via acc...

This study explored college students’ individual mental health (i.e., anxious and depressive symptoms, intrapersonal identity, and ethnic identity), as well as interpersonal mental health, as assessed by their affective connection to and care f...

Undoubtedly, heritage buildings serve as essential embodiments of the cultural richness and diversity of the world’s states, and their conservation is of the utmost importance. Specifically, the protection of the structural integrity of these b...

This study explores how social innovation and multi-level governance (MLG) can enhance regional resilience and help overcome the Middle-Income Trap (MIT) through cooperative, community-driven strategies. Focusing on Hungarian self-governments, it exa...

Facing global market competition and supply chain risks, many production companies are leaning towards distributed manufacturing because of their ability to utilize a network of manufacturing resources located around the world. Deriving from informat...

Digital Twins concept presents a new trend in virtual material science, common to all computational techniques. Digital twins, virtual devices and intellectual products, presenting the main constituents of the concept, are considered in detail on the...

The concept of digital twins (DT) has already been discussed some decades ago. Digital representations of physical assets are key components in industrial applications as they are the basis for decision making. What is new is the conceptual approach...

Background: Wilson’s disease (WD) is an autosomal-recessive disorder of copper deposition caused by pathogenic variants in the copper-transporting ATP7B gene. There is not a clear correlation between genotype and phenotype in WD regarding sympt...

The local actuation of a magnetic shape memory (MSM) element as used in an MSM micropump is considered. This paper presents the difference between an electromagnetic driver and a driver that uses a rotating permanent magnet. For the magnetic field en...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease in which upper and lower motor neuron loss is the primary phenotype, leading to muscle weakness and wasting, respiratory failure, and death. Although a portion of ALS cases are...

Digital twins (DTs) technology has recently gained attention within the research community due to its potential to help build sustainable smart cities. However, there is a gap in the literature: currently no unified model for city services has been p...

The engineering of large-scale cyber-physical systems (CPS) increasingly relies on principles from self-organisation and collective computing, enabling these systems to cooperate and adapt in dynamic environments. CPS engineering also often leverages...

Examining the ambivalent place of the sideshow and the laboratory within Victorian culture and its reimaginings, this essay explores the contradiction between the narratively orchestrating role and peripheral location of the sideshow in Leslie Parry&...

For several hundred years, from the late Iron Age to the end of the 2nd century BCE, the southern neighbor of Judea was “Idumea”, populated by descendants of Edomites, together with Qedarite and other Arabs and a mix of additional ethnici...

One of the toughest biometrics and document forensics problems is confirming a signature’s authenticity and legal identity. A forgery may vary from a genuine signature by specific distortions. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously monitor...

Background: We evaluated the phenotype of sporadic gastric cancer based on HP status and binding of a tumor risk marker monoclonal, Adnab-9. Methods: We compared a familial GC kindred with an extremely aggressive phenotype to HP-positive (HP+) and -n...

Globalization has profoundly impacted architecture by promoting urban homogenization, where global styles and materials overshadow local character. This shift prioritizes standardized functionality and energy efficiency over cultural identity, erasin...