In this paper, we present scalable multi-precision multiplication implementation and scalable multi-precision squaring implementation for 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers. For efficient computation and scalable functionality, we present optimize...
Singular value decomposition (SVD) is a central mathematical tool for several emerging applications in embedded systems, such as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, data analytics, sparse representation of signals. Since SVD algorithms red...
Deep neural networks have recently become increasingly used for a wide range of applications, (e.g., image and video processing). The demand for edge inference is growing, especially in the areas of relevance to the Internet-of-Things. Low-cost micro...
The choice between a bare-metal super-loop and a lightweight real-time operating system (RTOS) in embedded development has traditionally been made informally. As concurrent workloads such as TinyML inference and hard-deadline sensor tasks are consoli...
At present, a medium-level microcontroller is capable of performing edge computing and can handle the computation of neural network kernel functions. This makes it possible to implement a complete end-to-end solution incorporating signal acquisition,...
The end of Moore’s Law aligned with data privacy concerns is forcing machine learning (ML) to shift from the cloud to the deep edge. In the next-generation ML systems, the inference and part of the training process will perform at the edge, whi...
This paper explores the development of a low-cost alternating current (AC) smart current generator using ARM Cortex-M33 microcontrollers with integrated peripherals, Digital to Analog Converters (DAC) and Operational amplifiers (OPAMPS). The system g...
This work proposes the development of an embedded real-time fruit detection system for future automatic fruit harvesting. The proposed embedded system is based on an ARM Cortex-M4 (STM32F407VGT6) processor and an Omnivision OV7670 color camera. The f...
The SPEEDY block cipher family announced at the CHES 2021 shows excellent performance on hardware architectures. Due to the nature of the hardware-friendly design of SPEEDY, the algorithm has low performance for software implementations. In particula...
In this paper, we propose the first ARIA block cipher on both MSP430 and Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) microcontrollers. To achieve the optimized ARIA implementation on target embedded processors, core operations of ARIA, such as substitute and diffus...
The emergence of quantum computers poses a significant threat to the security of conventional public-key cryptosystems, driving the demand for quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions. In response, the National Institute of Standards and Technology...
Many System-on-Chip (SoC) studies rely solely on simulation and tool-based results, encountering unexpected failures during post-silicon validation. In particular, silicon-level demonstrations of Hardware/Software (HW/SW) functional equivalence, whic...
As systems migrate toward post-quantum readiness, symmetric keys are kept longer and protect larger data volumes, a regime in which keystream security beyond the birthday bound matters. The dominant block–cipher counter mode, AES-CTR (Advanced...
This paper addresses the implementation and optimization of an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) sensorless control using an ARM Cortex-M3 microcontroller. A various optimization levels based on arithmetic...
In this article, some practical software optimization methods for implementations of fractional order backward difference, sum, and differintegral operator based on Grünwald–Letnikov definition are presented. These numerical algorithms are...
Secure and compact designs of HIGHT block cipher on representative ARM microcontrollers are presented in this paper. We present several optimizations for implementations of the HIGHT block cipher, which exploit different parallel approaches, includin...
The article describes the implementation of IoT technology in the teaching of microprocessor technology. The method presented in the article combines the reality and virtualization of the microprocessor technology laboratory. A created IoT monitoring...
Running neural networks on battery-powered Internet of Things (IoT) sensor nodes is difficult because flash memory, SRAM, latency, and energy per inference are limited at the same time. Existing TinyML co-design methods usually improve model size or...
CRYSTALS-Kyber has been standardized as a general public-key post-quantum algorithm under the name of ML-KEM after NIST released its first three final post-quantum standards in August 2024. The resilience of post-quantum cryptography to side-channel...
There is tremendous potential in solar energy to meet future electricity demands. Partial shading (PS) and drift are two major problems that must be addressed simultaneously to achieve the maximum power point (MPP) of a stand-alone PV system, which a...
Resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices motivate the investigation into cryptographic designs with measurable implementation costs. This work presents CHIMA (Cryptography cHaotic lIghtweight systeM and Authentication), an experimental s...
In this paper, we present the first constant-time implementations of four-dimensional Gallant–Lambert–Vanstone and Galbraith–Lin–Scott (GLV-GLS) scalar multiplication using curve - on 8-bit AVR, 16-bi...
The growing number of operations in implementations of the non-local fractional differentiation operator is cumbersome for real applications with strict performance and memory storage requirements. This demands use of one of the available approximati...
This paper originally presents a photovoltaic (PV) evaluation and fault detection (PVEFD) system for PV applications based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The PVEFD system consists of an STM32F103C8T6 chip with a 32-bit Arm Cortex-M3 redu...
As AI research advances, various performance optimization techniques have been studied for TinyML models on microcontrollers with very limited resources. In TinyML frameworks such as TFLM (TensorFlow Lite Micro) and NNOM (Neural Network on Microcontr...
In automatic systems used in the control and monitoring of industrial processes, fieldbuses with specific real-time requirements are used. Often, the sensors are connected to these fieldbuses through embedded systems, which also have real-time featur...
GPU-based deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful for electrocardiogram (ECG) processing and rhythm classification. Although questions often arise about their practical application in embedded systems with low computational resources, few studies ha...
We present a machine and deep learning method to offload trained deep learning model and transmit packets efficiently on resource-constrained internet of things (IoT) edge devices and networks. Recently, the types of IoT devices have become diverse a...
Heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) are two vital parameters of the body medically used for diagnosing short/long-term illness. Out-of-the-body, non-skin-contact HR/RR measurement remains a challenge due to imprecise readings. “Invisible&...
Rapid Internet of Things (IoT) expansion creates security risks due to resource limits and evolving botnets. While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) offer accuracy, their computational demands hinder real-time edge deployment. This study presents IoTGuard...
We report the first time-synchronized protocol stack running on a crystal-free device. We use an early prototype of the Single-Chip micro Mote, SCμM, a single-chip 2 × 3 mm2 mote-on-a-chip, which features an ARM Cortex-M0 micro-controller an...
This paper offers a lattice-based digital signature construction, optimized for the provision of post-quantum security in resource-constrained environments, such as Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The offered scheme is built upon structured hardnes...
Induction motors (IMs) are one of the most widely used motor types in the industry due to their low cost, high reliability, and efficiency. Nevertheless, like other types of AC motors, they are prone to various faults. In this article, a low-cost emb...
Road traffic surveys require sensing systems that can be deployed rapidly without modifying the road surface or requiring a permanent power connection. This paper presents the design, embedded implementation, and evaluation of a low-power roadside ma...
This paper describes the design and optimization of a smart algorithm based on artificial intelligence to increase the accuracy of an ocean water current meter. The main purpose of water current meters is to obtain the fundamental frequency of the oc...
Modern condition monitoring and industrial fault prediction have advanced to include intelligent techniques, aiming to improve reliability, productivity, and safety. The integration of ultrasonic signal processing with various machine learning (ML) m...
Arrhythmia is a life-threatening cardiovascular disease if not detected early. While deep learning models have demonstrated strong performance in ECG-based arrhythmia classification, deploying these models on resource-constrained wearable devices rem...
Real-time path planning for autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) under strict hardware limitations remains a central challenge in embedded robotics. This study presents a refined Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm implemented within...
This paper presents an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) implementation and Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) verification of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) designed to enhance the security...
The demand for wearable and point-of-care devices has led to an increase in electrochemical sensor development to measure an ever-increasing array of biological molecules. In order to move from the benchtop to truly portable devices, the development...
In the sensorless control algorithm of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), there is a significant research focus on developing a high-performance position observer and a cost-effective, high-performance processor specifically designed for PM...
In the present paper, a current sensorless (CSL) method for buck-boost converter control is proposed for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) photovoltaic applications. The proposed control scheme uses the mathematical model of the buck-boost converte...
This paper presents the development, modeling, and validation of a scaled UAV-VTOL low-cost prototype equipped with a jet propulsion system with vertical take-off and landing capabilities. The prototype is designed as an experimental testbed for reus...
Casing collar locator (CCL) measurements are widely used as reliable depth markers for positioning downhole instruments in cased-hole operations, enabling accurate depth control for operations such as perforation. However, autonomous collar recogniti...
The article presents in detail the construction of a low-cost, portable online PD monitoring system based on the acoustic emission (AE) technique. A highly sensitive piezoelectric transducer was used as the PD detector, whose frequency response chara...
The increase in the number of mobile and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, along with the demands of new applications and services, represents an important challenge in terms of spectral coexistence. As a result, these devices are now expected to mak...
Permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have played a key role in recent years in both industrial and commercial applications. Despite their many significant advantages, such as high efficiency, very good dynamics, and high power density, these t...
This work presents a complete power side-channel evaluation of the MAYO secret linear map on a constrained embedded target, together with a first-order countermeasure evaluated on the same hardware. While MAYO ranks among the most embedded-friendly c...
In the context of aging populations, it has become necessary to develop new methods and devices for the daily home-based self-rehabilitation of elderly people. To this end, this paper proposes and evaluates the use of an easy-to-use single battery-po...
In the past decade, inertial measurement sensors have found their way into many wearable devices where they are used in a broad range of applications, including fitness tracking, step counting, navigation, activity recognition, or motion capturing. O...
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