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  • Review
  • Open Access
258 Citations
85,374 Views
23 Pages

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Modification, and Applications in Food and Agriculture

  • Xian-Qing Zhou,
  • Zakir Hayat,
  • Dong-Dong Zhang,
  • Meng-Yao Li,
  • Si Hu,
  • Qiong Wu,
  • Yu-Fei Cao and
  • Ying Yuan

13 April 2023

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) have gained significant interest in the agricultural and food industry as a means of killing or reducing the activity of microorganisms. The antibacterial properties of ZnO-NPs may improve food quality, which has a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
124 Citations
54,912 Views
37 Pages

24 February 2023

Lactic acid (LA) has broad applications in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. LA production demand rises due to the increasing demand for polylactic acid since LA is a precursor for polylactic acid production. Fermentative...

  • Review
  • Open Access
154 Citations
47,562 Views
24 Pages

Composting Processes for Agricultural Waste Management: A Comprehensive Review

  • Muhammad Waqas,
  • Sarfraz Hashim,
  • Usa Wannasingha Humphries,
  • Shakeel Ahmad,
  • Rabeea Noor,
  • Muhammad Shoaib,
  • Adila Naseem,
  • Phyo Thandar Hlaing and
  • Hnin Aye Lin

1 March 2023

Composting is the most adaptable and fruitful method for managing biodegradable solid wastes; it is a crucial agricultural practice that contributes to recycling farm and agricultural wastes. Composting is profitable for various plant, animal, and sy...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
42,224 Views
17 Pages

6 November 2023

Ascorbic acid (AA), or vitamin C, is one of the most important vitamins consumed through the diet due to its critical role in many biological processes. Although the human body cannot synthesize it, AA is essential in maintaining healthy bodily struc...

  • Review
  • Open Access
212 Citations
38,397 Views
30 Pages

A Review on Antimicrobial Packaging for Extending the Shelf Life of Food

  • Tobi Fadiji,
  • Mahdi Rashvand,
  • Michael O. Daramola and
  • Samuel A. Iwarere

15 February 2023

Food packaging systems are continually impacted by the growing demand for minimally processed foods, changing eating habits, and food safety risks. Minimally processed foods are prone to the growth of harmful microbes, compromising quality and safety...

  • Article
  • Open Access
218 Citations
36,855 Views
29 Pages

Integration of Renewable-Energy-Based Green Hydrogen into the Energy Future

  • Ismail Marouani,
  • Tawfik Guesmi,
  • Badr M. Alshammari,
  • Khalid Alqunun,
  • Ahmed Alzamil,
  • Mansoor Alturki and
  • Hsan Hadj Abdallah

7 September 2023

There is a growing interest in green hydrogen, with researchers, institutions, and countries focusing on its development, efficiency improvement, and cost reduction. This paper explores the concept of green hydrogen and its production process using r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
101 Citations
36,506 Views
22 Pages

23 July 2023

Plasma-activated water (PAW) is water that has been treated with atmospheric pressure plasma. Due to the presence of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), PAW can be used in various applications such as (1) surface disinfection and food decont...

  • Review
  • Open Access
68 Citations
35,203 Views
26 Pages

26 September 2024

This review highlights recent innovations in food packaging, emphasizing the shift from conventional petroleum-based materials to bio-based alternatives and smart packaging systems. Bio-based materials, such as starch, cellulose, and polyhydroxyalkan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
34,410 Views
10 Pages

Extraction and Characterization of Bromelain from Pineapple Core: A Strategy for Pineapple Waste Valorization

  • Alex Fissore,
  • Mauro Marengo,
  • Valentina Santoro,
  • Giorgio Grillo,
  • Simonetta Oliaro-Bosso,
  • Giancarlo Cravotto,
  • Fabrizio Dal Piaz and
  • Salvatore Adinolfi

11 July 2023

Bromelain is a mixture of cysteine endopeptidase usually extracted from pineapple juice and is used for the treatment of various human diseases and in industrial applications. Bromelain demand is quickly increasing, and its recovery from pineapple re...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
178 Citations
32,488 Views
29 Pages

Valorization of Food Waste to Produce Value-Added Products Based on Its Bioactive Compounds

  • Ziyao Liu,
  • Thaiza S. P. de Souza,
  • Brendan Holland,
  • Frank Dunshea,
  • Colin Barrow and
  • Hafiz A. R. Suleria

10 March 2023

The rapid growth of the global population and changes in lifestyle have led to a significant increase in food waste from various industrial, agricultural, and household sources. Nearly one-third of the food produced annually is wasted, resulting in s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
56 Citations
31,481 Views
32 Pages

A Comprehensive Review of Organic Rankine Cycles

  • José C. Jiménez-García,
  • Alexis Ruiz,
  • Alejandro Pacheco-Reyes and
  • Wilfrido Rivera

30 June 2023

It has been demonstrated that energy systems driven by conventional energy sources like fossil fuels are one of the main causes of climate change. Organic Rankine cycles can help to reduce that impact, as they can be operated by using the industrial...

  • Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
30,660 Views
20 Pages

12 March 2025

Industrial robotics has shifted from rigid, task-specific tools to adaptive, intelligent systems powered by artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and sensor integration, revolutionizing efficiency and human–robot collaboration ac...

  • Review
  • Open Access
62 Citations
30,162 Views
40 Pages

Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil: A Perspective on Catalytic Processes

  • Montserrat Cerón Ferrusca,
  • Rubi Romero,
  • Sandra Luz Martínez,
  • Armando Ramírez-Serrano and
  • Reyna Natividad

28 June 2023

Presently, the use of fossil fuels is not ecologically sustainable, which results in the need for new alternative energies such as biodiesel. This work presents a review of the classification of the lipidic feedstocks and the catalysts for biodiesel...

  • Review
  • Open Access
56 Citations
29,429 Views
27 Pages

20 March 2023

Agrivoltaic systems, which consist of the combination of energy production by means of photovoltaic systems and agricultural production in the same area, have emerged as a promising solution to the constraints related to the reduction in cultivated a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
223 Citations
29,407 Views
31 Pages

14 April 2023

In the medical domain, early identification of cardiovascular issues poses a significant challenge. This study enhances heart disease prediction accuracy using machine learning techniques. Six algorithms (random forest, K-nearest neighbor, logistic r...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
29,255 Views
17 Pages

Unlocking the Full Potential of Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Spice: An Overview of Extraction Techniques, Bioactivity, and Future Opportunities in the Food and Beverage Industry

  • Ahmad Hazim Abdul Aziz,
  • Dwila Nur Rizkiyah,
  • Lailatul Qomariyah,
  • Irianto Irianto,
  • Mohd Azizi Che Yunus and
  • Nicky Rahmana Putra

15 August 2023

This review article provides an overview of the bioactive compounds of clove, their health benefits, and their potential application in food and beverages. Cloves are rich in phenolic compounds, mainly eugenol, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflamm...

  • Review
  • Open Access
173 Citations
29,197 Views
17 Pages

Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: From Conventional to ‘Modern’ Methods—A Review

  • Ngoc Phuong Uyen Nguyen,
  • Ngoc Tung Dang,
  • Linh Doan and
  • Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen

2 September 2023

Silver nanoparticles, also known as AgNPs, have been extensively researched due to their one-of-a-kind characteristics, including their optical, antibacterial, and electrical capabilities. In the era of the antibiotics crisis, with an increase in ant...

  • Review
  • Open Access
122 Citations
29,020 Views
58 Pages

A Review of Third Generation Solar Cells

  • N. Shah,
  • A. A. Shah,
  • P. K. Leung,
  • S. Khan,
  • K. Sun,
  • X. Zhu and
  • Q. Liao

20 June 2023

Third-generation solar cells are designed to achieve high power-conversion efficiency while being low-cost to produce. These solar cells have the ability to surpass the Shockley–Queisser limit. This review focuses on different types of third-ge...

  • Review
  • Open Access
122 Citations
27,786 Views
32 Pages

Green Extraction Techniques of Bioactive Compounds: A State-of-the-Art Review

  • Rodrigo Martins,
  • Ana Barbosa,
  • Bárbara Advinha,
  • Hélia Sales,
  • Rita Pontes and
  • João Nunes

26 July 2023

Green extraction techniques are more and more relevant due to major sustainable goals set by the United Nations. Greener extraction processes are being designed through the use of unconventional extraction techniques and green solvents, resulting in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
27,643 Views
25 Pages

27 February 2023

The automobile industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. The good operation of the automobile supply chain is conducive to the sustainable development of the economy and social economy. In recent years, the popular research of automoti...

  • Review
  • Open Access
38 Citations
24,293 Views
34 Pages

18 December 2023

The power battery is an important component of new energy vehicles, and thermal safety is the key issue in its development. During charging and discharging, how to enhance the rapid and uniform heat dissipation of power batteries has become a hotspot...

  • Review
  • Open Access
100 Citations
23,145 Views
17 Pages

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Waste Biomass: A Review of Hydrochar Preparation and Environmental Application

  • Jelena Petrović,
  • Marija Ercegović,
  • Marija Simić,
  • Marija Koprivica,
  • Jelena Dimitrijević,
  • Aleksandar Jovanović and
  • Jovana Janković Pantić

18 January 2024

The concept of a bio-based economy has been adopted by many advanced countries around the world, and thermochemical conversion of waste biomass is recognized as the most effective approach to achieve this objective. Recent studies indicate that hydro...

  • Review
  • Open Access
48 Citations
22,850 Views
22 Pages

Utilization of Cold Energy from LNG Regasification Process: A Review of Current Trends

  • Muhammad Haziq Noor Akashah,
  • Nor Erniza Mohammad Rozali,
  • Shuhaimi Mahadzir and
  • Peng Yen Liew

8 February 2023

Liquified natural gas (LNG) is a clean primary energy source that is growing in popularity due to the distance between natural gas (NG)-producing countries and importing countries. The large amount of cold energy stored in LNG presents an opportunity...

  • Review
  • Open Access
94 Citations
22,795 Views
27 Pages

Integration of Renewable Energy and Electric Vehicles in Power Systems: A Review

  • Nikolaos M. Manousakis,
  • Panagiotis S. Karagiannopoulos,
  • George J. Tsekouras and
  • Fotios D. Kanellos

18 May 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) represent a promising green technology for mitigating environmental impacts. However, their widespread adoption has significant implications for management, monitoring, and control of power systems. The integration of renewabl...

  • Review
  • Open Access
41 Citations
22,480 Views
15 Pages

Biofilm Formation in Water Distribution Systems

  • Patrícia Erdei-Tombor,
  • Gabriella Kiskó and
  • Andrea Taczman-Brückner

27 January 2024

A biofilm is a biologically active matrix attached to the surface of cells and their extracellular products. As they are a mixture of many microorganisms, the microbiological activity of biofilms varies according to their position in the aggregate. W...

  • Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
22,384 Views
16 Pages

Machine Learning Methods in Skin Disease Recognition: A Systematic Review

  • Jie Sun,
  • Kai Yao,
  • Guangyao Huang,
  • Chengrui Zhang,
  • Mark Leach,
  • Kaizhu Huang and
  • Xi Yang

26 March 2023

Skin lesions affect millions of people worldwide. They can be easily recognized based on their typically abnormal texture and color but are difficult to diagnose due to similar symptoms among certain types of lesions. The motivation for this study is...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
49 Citations
22,088 Views
49 Pages

14 February 2025

The advancement of intelligent packaging technologies has emerged as a pivotal innovation in the food industry, significantly enhancing food safety and preservation. This review explores the latest developments in the fabrication of intelligent packa...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
21,482 Views
33 Pages

Recent Progress in Design and Performance Analysis of Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines—A Comprehensive Review

  • Djamal Hissein Didane,
  • Mostafa Radwan Behery,
  • Mohanad Al-Ghriybah and
  • Bukhari Manshoor

27 May 2024

Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are receiving more and more attention as they involve simple design, cope better with turbulence, and are insensitive to wind direction, which has a huge impact on their cost since a yaw mechanism is not needed. Ho...

  • Review
  • Open Access
78 Citations
21,326 Views
18 Pages

Review on Waste-to-Energy Approaches toward a Circular Economy in Developed and Developing Countries

  • Shahabaldin Rezania,
  • Bahareh Oryani,
  • Vahid Reza Nasrollahi,
  • Negisa Darajeh,
  • Majid Lotfi Ghahroud and
  • Kamyar Mehranzamir

27 August 2023

International interest in using waste-to-energy (WtE) technology toward a circular economy (CE) is developing, spurred by environmental challenges such as inefficient solid waste dumping, pollution, and resource depletion. Incineration, pyrolysis, ga...

  • Review
  • Open Access
78 Citations
21,244 Views
18 Pages

Recent Advancements in Photo-Bioreactors for Microalgae Cultivation: A Brief Overview

  • Giannis Penloglou,
  • Alexandros Pavlou and
  • Costas Kiparissides

28 May 2024

Inspired by the vast potential of microalgae in the bioeconomy and the numerous applications and benefits associated with their cultivation, a multitude of pilot- and industrial-scale microalgae production systems have been developed in recent years....

  • Review
  • Open Access
39 Citations
21,189 Views
26 Pages

17 December 2023

The emergence of bioplastics presents a promising solution to the environmental impact of the plastics industry. Bioplastics are engineered to degrade in aquatic or soil environments. However, not all bioplastics are completely biodegradable, and som...

  • Review
  • Open Access
54 Citations
20,718 Views
17 Pages

The Fundamental Mechanisms of Laser Cleaning Technology and Its Typical Applications in Industry

  • Zhihu Zhou,
  • Weipeng Sun,
  • Jiajun Wu,
  • Hongwei Chen,
  • Fei Zhang and
  • Shuangxi Wang

10 May 2023

Laser cleaning is an advanced surface-cleaning technology that can lead to the instant evaporation and stripping of the attachments found on a substrate’s surface, such as contaminants, rust, and coatings; it uses a high-energy laser beam to ir...

  • Review
  • Open Access
50 Citations
20,471 Views
39 Pages

16 June 2024

Rare earth elements (REEs) are at the forefront of discussions, given their crucial role in cutting-edge and eco-friendly innovations that propel the industrial revolution towards a green economy. These elements have become indispensable to various m...

  • Review
  • Open Access
120 Citations
20,275 Views
31 Pages

16 December 2023

This review explores eco-friendly methods for extracting bioactive natural products from diverse sources. The introductory exploration emphasizes the increasing demand for sustainable extraction methods, with a focus on the environmental impact of co...

  • Review
  • Open Access
18 Citations
20,232 Views
69 Pages

Upcycling Coffee Waste: Key Industrial Activities for Advancing Circular Economy and Overcoming Commercialization Challenges

  • Kanokthip Pongsiriyakul,
  • Peerawat Wongsurakul,
  • Worapon Kiatkittipong,
  • Aerwadee Premashthira,
  • Kulapa Kuldilok,
  • Vesna Najdanovic-Visak,
  • Sushil Adhikari,
  • Patrick Cognet,
  • Tetsuya Kida and
  • Suttichai Assabumrungrat
Processes2024, 12(12), 2851;https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12122851 
(registering DOI)

12 December 2024

The valorization of coffee waste has gained traction due to its potential to generate valuable products, lessen its impact on the environment, and promote sustainability. This review examines the diverse range of coffee waste, including pulp, husk, m...

  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
20,013 Views
29 Pages

Potential Health Risks of Exposure to Graphene and Its Derivatives: A Review

  • Huanyu Jin,
  • Nami Lai,
  • Chao Jiang,
  • Mengying Wang,
  • Wanying Yao,
  • Yue Han and
  • Weiwei Song

13 January 2025

Graphene and its derivatives (GDs) have been applied in many fields, like photocatalysts, sensors, and biomedical delivery, due to its excellent physicochemical properties. However, the widespread use of GDs has significantly increased human exposure...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
26 Citations
19,359 Views
24 Pages

Comparative Review on the Production and Purification of Bioethanol from Biomass: A Focus on Corn

  • Jean Claude Assaf,
  • Zeinab Mortada,
  • Sid-Ahmed Rezzoug,
  • Zoulikha Maache-Rezzoug,
  • Espérance Debs and
  • Nicolas Louka

15 May 2024

In the contemporary era, conventional energy sources like oil, coal, and natural gas overwhelmingly contribute 89.6% to global CO2 emissions, intensifying environmental challenges. Recognizing the urgency of addressing climate concerns, a pivotal shi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
19,152 Views
20 Pages

Research Progress on Processing Technology of Refined Betel Nut in China: A Review

  • Qinhe Zhu,
  • Senwen Deng,
  • Li Ma,
  • Qi Li,
  • Shuhua Tan,
  • Yuojun Zheng,
  • Aiqing Xu and
  • Haihua Wang

9 November 2023

Betel nut is a traditional Asian herbal medicine and ranks as the fourth most common addictive substance in the world. Refined betel nut is made from the original fruit of the Areca catechu L. tree through complex traditional processes. Betel nut has...

  • Review
  • Open Access
109 Citations
19,032 Views
42 Pages

A Comprehensive Review of Microgrid Energy Management Strategies Considering Electric Vehicles, Energy Storage Systems, and AI Techniques

  • Muhammad Raheel Khan,
  • Zunaib Maqsood Haider,
  • Farhan Hameed Malik,
  • Fahad M. Almasoudi,
  • Khaled Saleem S. Alatawi and
  • Muhammad Shoaib Bhutta

26 January 2024

The relentlessly depleting fossil-fuel-based energy resources worldwide have forbidden an imminent energy crisis that could severely impact the general population. This dire situation calls for the immediate exploitation of renewable energy resources...

  • Review
  • Open Access
44 Citations
19,004 Views
33 Pages

4 August 2023

Due to their high energy density, long calendar life, and environmental protection, lithium-ion batteries have found widespread use in a variety of areas of human life, including portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and electric ships, amo...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
18,931 Views
21 Pages

1 July 2023

The food system plays a significant role in anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, contributing to over one-third of these emissions. However, there has been limited attention given in the literature on how the food industry can effectively ad...

  • Review
  • Open Access
37 Citations
18,599 Views
41 Pages

A Review of Thin-Film Growth, Properties, Applications, and Future Prospects

  • Subramanian Sakthinathan,
  • Ganesh Abinaya Meenakshi,
  • Sivaramakrishnan Vinothini,
  • Chung-Lun Yu,
  • Ching-Lung Chen,
  • Te-Wei Chiu and
  • Naratip Vittayakorn

19 February 2025

This review article’s primary aim is to discuss different thin-film deposition technique methods and their important uses. The histories of thin-film technology, thin-film growth, thin-film classification, and thin-film preparation techniques a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
85 Citations
18,539 Views
39 Pages

Recent Progress on Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production from Coal Gasification

  • Fei Dai,
  • Shengping Zhang,
  • Yuanpei Luo,
  • Ke Wang,
  • Yanrong Liu and
  • Xiaoyan Ji

9 June 2023

Coal gasification is recognized as the core technology of clean coal utilization that exhibits significant advantages in hydrogen-rich syngas production and CO2 emission reduction. This review briefly discusses the recent research progress on various...

  • Review
  • Open Access
109 Citations
18,253 Views
16 Pages

Assessment of Manure Compost Used as Soil Amendment—A Review

  • Elena Goldan,
  • Valentin Nedeff,
  • Narcis Barsan,
  • Mihaela Culea,
  • Mirela Panainte-Lehadus,
  • Emilian Mosnegutu,
  • Claudia Tomozei,
  • Dana Chitimus and
  • Oana Irimia

11 April 2023

Organic waste management is an important concern for both industries and communities. Proper management is crucial for various reasons, such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainability, and improving public health. Composted manure...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
18,157 Views
38 Pages

20 January 2025

With the consequences of climate change becoming more urgent, there has never been a more pressing need for technologies that can help to reduce the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of the most polluting sectors, such as power generation, steel, cement...

  • Review
  • Open Access
44 Citations
17,242 Views
47 Pages

1 January 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT), known as artificial intelligence of things (AIoT), is driving significant advancements in the aquaculture industry, offering solutions to longstanding challenges relate...

  • Feature Paper
  • Review
  • Open Access
45 Citations
16,288 Views
16 Pages

Current, Projected Performance and Costs of Thermal Energy Storage

  • Laura Pompei,
  • Fabio Nardecchia and
  • Adio Miliozzi

28 February 2023

The technology for storing thermal energy as sensible heat, latent heat, or thermochemical energy has greatly evolved in recent years, and it is expected to grow up to about 10.1 billion US dollars by 2027. A thermal energy storage (TES) system can s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
16,127 Views
19 Pages

21 December 2023

This study covers the critical concerns related to the sizing, selection, installation, maintenance, and testing of pressure safety valves (PSVs). The aim is to ensure the safety of pressurized systems, hydrostatic transmission systems, and hydraulic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
16,127 Views
14 Pages

Effects of Drinking Electrolyzed Alkaline-Reduced Water on Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Prospective Trial

  • Johny Bajgai,
  • Mihyun Lee,
  • Yeon-Gyu Jang,
  • Kiwon Lee,
  • Subham Sharma,
  • Yun Ju Jeong,
  • Hong Jun Park,
  • Seong Hoon Goh,
  • Cheol-Su Kim and
  • Kyu-Jae Lee
  • + 1 author

22 March 2023

A well-known functional gastrointestinal disorder called functional dyspepsia (FD) is defined by dyspeptic symptoms without any structural abnormalities. In alternative intervention, electrolyzed alkaline-reduced water (EARW) consumption is regarded...

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Processes - ISSN 2227-9717