Applied Sciences, Volume 15, Issue 24

Renewable energy resources have become extremely important in the current context of air pollution and the production of significant amounts of greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global warming. One of the most important renewable energy sou...

Efficient truck–shovel allocation is essential for optimizing open-pit mining operations, but the integration of heterogeneous diesel and electric fleets introduces complex scheduling challenges, including charging requirements, range limitatio...

This paper presents a control framework for multi-unmanned aerial vehicle systems that achieves safe and cooperative navigation in complex environments through a unified collision avoidance and trajectory guidance strategy. The principal innovation l...

The effects of pectin extraction, cellulose purification, and sonication on the juice extraction residue from grapefruit were investigated. Pectin extraction using pressurized carbon dioxide (pCO₂) in a sodium oxalate solution (U-OX) lowered the cell...

With the development of distributed energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power, power grids have imposed increasingly higher requirements on power quality. As common nonlinear loads in power grids, multi-pulse rectifiers (MPRs) inject signifi...

An Ultrasonic Test (UT), a type of non-destructive test, is used to inspect the manufacturing integrity of carbon spar-caps of wind blades. When performing a UT, an intermediate medium is used to improve the signal detection ability between the inspe...

This paper aims to present the development, challenges, and obstacles faced when creating two reduced complexity utility applications for Android mobile devices. The purpose of this paper is to present the challenges behind the development of these a...

One of the key problems humanity faces in this age of profound digitalization is globalization-related threats, which no longer affect just one country but pose a threat to a very large area, encompassing several or even a dozen countries, or, in the...

In the Ordos Basin, the lengths of cores are disproportionate to image logging data (1:9) and fracture research is difficult because of their complex lithology and fracture patterns. Based on the characteristics of conventional logging and cores, thi...

As product complexity and customization levels continue to rise in high-end manufacturing, optimizing and controlling multistage manufacturing processes (MMPs) presents growing challenges. However, existing MMP research has largely focused on optimiz...

Electroencephalography (EEG) is an important noninvasive diagnostic tool for detecting neurodegenerative disorders. In this context, EEG-based deep learning models show promise due to their ability to capture nonlinear brain dynamics but often suffer...

Conveyor belts are among the most critical components of material transport systems across various industrial sectors, including mining, energy, cement production, metallurgy, and logistics. Their reliability directly affects the continuity and opera...

The paper investigates the seismic vulnerability of single-story precast industrial buildings constructed in Romania during the 1970s, with particular reference to the damage observed following the 1977 Romanian earthquake. More than 800 structures w...

Edge detection is a fundamental component of vision tasks, yet the fusion stage that combines multi-cue evidence has received limited attention. We explore the use of a family of Choquet-based fusion operators generalised by restricted dissimilarity...

Harvesting of laver is an important link in the laver culture chain, and a new type of corrugated harvesting blade with a curved edge angle was designed to solve the problems of low cutting ratio in laver harvesting. The mechanical model of the corru...

Carbonaceous amendments are widely proposed to sequester hydrophobic organic contaminants in sediments, yet their effectiveness for alkylphenolic endocrine disruptors in organic-rich freshwater systems—and its time dependence—remains poor...

Sulfonate greases, which have excellent performance characteristics—high dropping point, good mechanical and structural stability, water resistance, high thermal oxidation stability, and good anticorrosive properties—are widely used in va...

The modern coinage industry ensures dimensional and weight precision, as well as improved surface quality, for its products. The speed of coin mass production requires increased performance for used machines and tools. Despite these, error incidence...

MnCo₂O₄ and CoMn₂O₄ were successfully synthesized on a stainless-steel substrate using the hydrothermal method. The structural and morphological characteristics of the spinel samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electr...

Personalized e-learning emphasizes a learner-centered instruction approach by adapting educational content to individual needs. This study empirically evaluates three personalization methods (adaptive, adaptable, and mixed) alongside a non-personaliz...

This scoping review aimed to map and synthesize the scientific evidence on how lifestyle factors and quality of life are associated with the onset and progression of non-carious diseases (NCDs) in young and adult populations, identifying patterns, me...

Plastic waste management in Romania represents a critical challenge, situated between ambitious European Union (EU) circular economy commitments and the complex realities of national implementation. The analysis was carried out following the methodol...

Driven by the surging global demand for crude oil and its byproducts, liquid tanker vessels have undergone a marked shift toward ultra-large dimensions. This growth, while enhancing transport capacity, has also intensified congestion across many liqu...

A Monte Carlo-based model of the CyberKnife M6 6 MV Flattening Filter-Free (FFF) beam was developed to produce the data that can be used to train artificial neural networks. The data include the energy spectra of the beam, its average energy, the spa...

This paper presents an innovative concept for the adaptive transformation of decommissioned coal mine shafts into advanced reduced-gravity research facilities, addressing both post-mining land management and continuous advancements in microgravity re...

This study focuses on a proposed aluminum alloy radiant panel with 60° V-shaped grooves and integrated copper tubes. A numerical model of this novel grooved phase change material (PCM)-integrated radiant panel was established via Fluent 2022 R1 s...

This study presents an artificial intelligence-based predictive framework as an efficient alternative to conventional analytical procedures for evaluating elastic–plastic thermal stresses in long functionally graded solid cylinders (FGSCs) subj...

In this paper, we propose a mechanical fault diagnosis technology for circuit breakers based on the NGO-VMD, aiming to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis. The circuit breaker is a key protection device in power systems, and its op...

Agricultural by-products, such as tomato peels and sugar beet leaves, represent valuable sources of bioactive compounds that can be efficiently recovered using advanced extraction techniques. This study investigated the efficiency of high-voltage ele...

Measuring spin polarization (P) of materials is essential for understanding their fundamental properties and for their application in spintronics. Point contact Andreev reflection (PCAR) spectroscopy is a straightforward yet powerful technique for me...

State of charge (SOC) estimation is a key research topic for electric vehicles, with accurate SOC estimation being important for both range and safety. In this study, we present the Dual-Head Depth Directional Mixer (DH-DW-M) model for SOC estimation...

Each maritime country produces annual reports on its maritime safety policy. The annual report details the implementation of established policies, plans, and regulations concerning the supervision and protection of rights and interests at sea. By ana...

It is hard to envision a modern world where information technology does not facilitate daily tasks, including learning and teaching. This paper explores the use of virtual reality (VR) simulations in chemistry education, focusing on how immersive VR...

Ultra-shallow prefabricated underpass tunnel technology has been widely adopted in urban transportation construction owing to its advantages of rapid construction and minimal environmental impact. However, the deformation behavior of tunnel joints un...

The mineral deposits in Namibia’s Erongo region are renowned and frequently associated with complex geological environments, including calcrete-hosted paleochannels and hydrothermal alteration zones. Mineral extraction is hindered by high opera...

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is widely used for nanoscale imaging and the study of surface fine structure. However, its image quality is often limited by low secondary electron (SE) yield and surface charging, especially on insulating or micro-...

Magnetically suspended rotor systems are widely used in high-speed and precision applications, where mass imbalance-induced synchronous vibration remains a primary challenge affecting stability and control performance. Numerous control strategies hav...

Cement production is a significant global source of CO₂ emissions, leading to a demand for sustainable concrete alternatives. This study investigates the use of various additives to partially replace cement and assesses their effects on compressive s...

Biocomposite films based on polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) extracted from Salicornia ramosissima by-products were developed and characterised using solvent casting (SC) and electrospinning (ES) techniques. The prima...

This study aimed to (1) analyse home advantage (HA) and home winning percentage (HW), and (2) examine the impact of team level on HA and HW across major European men’s handball leagues from 2021–2022 to 2024–2025. Match data from 60...

The widespread use of portable electronic devices has increasingly promoted the prolonged maintenance of non-physiological postures, particularly anterior and downward head flexion. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the condylar and incisor rela...

In the metro traction power supply system, the metro acceleration and braking may cause fluctuations of bus voltage, and it is difficult for a single energy storage device to achieve both the proper response speed and energy density. In this article,...

In this paper, we propose a Bayesian Deep Learning (BDL) framework to model uncertainty and predict the performance of terahertz (THz) biosensors with a graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) coating for AML biomarker detection. Although there have...

This work establishes a large language model (LLM) specialized in the domain of thermoelectric generators (TEGs), for deployment on local hardware. Starting with the generalist JanV1-4B model and Qwen3-4B-Thinking-2507 models, an efficient fine-tunin...

Flexible-joint robots (FJRs) offer safety and energy efficiency in collaborative tasks, yet achieving high-precision tracking remains challenging under strict state and safety constraints due to elastic coupling, model mismatch, and external disturba...

Soil analysis is fundamental to sustainable agriculture; however, traditional laboratory methods are time-consuming, expensive, and environmentally hazardous. Spectroscopy techniques, particularly Near-Infrared (NIR), have gained considerable attenti...

Precision agriculture will continue to heavily rely on data-driven models to enable more intensive crop monitoring and data-driven decisions. The available remote sensing techniques, particularly those based on multispectral Sentinel-2 data, still ha...

Evidence for diet-driven immunomodulation remains limited in terms of practical tools. This pilot study prospectively evaluated the dietary POLA index in 51 women aged 25–45 years and living in Kraków, Poland. At baseline (2022), 7-day d...

Lithium minerals are essential raw materials for new energy storage systems, and accurate instance segmentation of their microscopic images is crucial for efficient resource exploration and utilization. However, existing segmentation methods face cha...

Dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy is a promising approach for treating cancers such as melanoma and prostate cancer. Although DC-based vaccines can elicit potent anti-tumor immune responses, dosing schedules in both preclinical and clinical settings...